Research on the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself. Covers antiviral trials, antibody neutralization, viral escape, and rapid detection methods.
A study found that SARS-CoV-2 emergence was associated with a significant decrease in the circulation of other common respiratory viruses. Patients with COVID-19 had worse clinical outcomes and were more likely to develop pneumonia compared to those with co-infections.
A systematic review and meta-analysis compared the susceptibility to and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among children and adolescents. The study highlights differences in susceptibility between age groups, with varying levels of protection against severe illness.
Researchers at DZNE identified effective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which could trigger undesired side effects when binding to various organs. These neutralizing antibodies can prevent the virus from entering cells and reproducing, helping immune cells eliminate the pathogen.
Researchers found that over 10% of young, healthy individuals with severe COVID-19 have misguided antibodies attacking their immune system. A genetic mutation in type I interferon production is also common among these patients.
A head-to-head comparison of five SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays reveals that the Siemens and Oxford assays performed with the highest sensitivity and specificity, meeting regulatory targets. The study emphasizes the importance of accurately evaluating test performance to understand limitations and improve usage.
Recent studies suggest COVID-19 may cause a range of cardiovascular problems, from mild cell damage to life-threatening cardiogenic shock. The causes of these heart issues are still unknown, with factors such as inflammation response and autoimmune phenomena being investigated.
Researchers built an interactome that includes a human lung cell host network integrated with a SARS-CoV-2 network, revealing potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for COVID-19. The study identified 33 high-value SARS-CoV-2 targets involved in viral entry, proliferation, and survival.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered a novel mechanism of action by remdesivir against SARS-CoV-2, which affects the viral replication machinery. This finding is crucial for improving treatments and building on the existing antiviral drug.
MPs are urging the Prime Minister to address the health, wellbeing, and employment arrangements for those living with Long Covid. The call comes after receiving first-hand accounts from hundreds of people living with the condition, highlighting the need for formal recognition and support.
A US study found a steady decline in initial SARS-CoV-2 viral loads among hospitalised patients from April to June 2020, coinciding with a decrease in deaths. The authors suggest an association between initial viral load and mortality, but note that exact reasons for the decline are unclear.
An observational study examined the risk factors for hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, and death among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that older age, underlying comorbidities, and low oxygen saturation were associated with increased risk of severe illness.
A new study has investigated the association between a positive SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy and complications in mothers and their newborn babies. The researchers found no higher prevalence of complications during delivery or of ill-health in the neonates, but did note a higher prevalence of preeclampsia in infected women.
A systematic review of air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in hospitals found high levels of viral RNA in patient toilets, staff areas and public spaces. The positivity rate was 27.5% in close patients' environments, with lower rates in distant areas.
A meta-analysis of studies shows that 40% of healthcare workers with COVID-19 are asymptomatic, increasing the risk of silent transmission. Healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 are at risk of severe complications and death, highlighting the need for universal screening.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine suggests that true asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 comprise a minority of infections. The researchers estimated that 20% (95% CI 17-25) of COVID-19 infections remained asymptomatic during follow-up.
New research links diabetes to risk of COVID-19 infection and differential outcomes, highlighting the importance of optimising blood sugar control in people with type 1 and 2 diabetes. Better control appears to be an important modifier of COVID-19 severity, suggesting a therapeutic opportunity for diabetes management.
A study of 213 asymptomatic individuals found they carried the same amount of virus in their noses and throats as symptomatic patients. This raises concerns about their potential role in driving the spread of COVID-19.
Researchers found lower frequencies of immune cells needed to expel the virus in older patients, leading to reduced effectiveness in fighting off SARS-CoV-2. The study suggests that cytotoxic T cells play a key role in controlling early infections, but further studies are needed to harness their potential for immunotherapy.
A team of scientists has discovered a druggable pocket in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein that could be used to stop the virus from infecting human cells. The pocket, which binds to linoleic acid, plays a crucial role in viral infectivity and is involved in COVID-19 disease progression.
Researchers discovered a cat named Negrito became infected with SARS-CoV-2 after exposure to its owner, who had COVID-19. The study found that Negrito developed antibodies against the virus, suggesting an immune response was triggered.
A team of scientists has created a fluorescent nanoparticle probe that mimics how SARS-CoV-2 infects cells, allowing for rapid testing of potential therapeutic agents. The probe's ability to track viral attachment and effects on cells in real-time makes it a powerful tool for drug discovery.
Researchers have identified 9 antibody-like proteins that bind to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including 4 with neutralizing activity. These proteins show promise for developing diagnostic tests and treatments for COVID-19.
Researchers at UiT The Arctic University of Norway found that people who were satisfied with their country's response to COVID-19 had better well-being and lower perceived risk of getting the virus. Dissatisfaction led to increased stress levels and fear, while trust in society and government was linked to improved mental health.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have characterized ten distinct structures of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its interaction with human cells. The study provides new insight into the virus's ability to infect human cells and informs the development of vaccines and treatments.
A study investigating SARS-CoV-2 infections on 16 Dutch mink farms found evidence of zoonotic transmission, where the virus jumped between people and minks. The study revealed that over 66% of farm workers had SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting direct contact with infected minks was a primary mode of transmission.
A study found that persistent fatigue occurs in more than half of patients recovered from COVID-19, affecting both admitted and non-admitted patients equally. The researchers also discovered a higher representation of women and individuals with pre-existing depression/anxiety among those experiencing persistent fatigue.
Researchers developed SARS-CoV-2 nanoparticle probes to track host cell surface Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding and endocytosis. These non-infectious probes enable real-time tracking of viral attachment and effects on cells, offering a powerful system for studying COVID-19 mechanisms.
A machine-learning tool analyzed COVID-19 publications revealing a shortage of basic lab-based studies on the virus's microbiology. This gap may hinder our ability to contain future pandemics.
A study by Hiroshima University researchers found that a specific wavelength of UV light effectively kills the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The 222 nm UVC light is safer to use around humans and can be used to disinfect occupied public spaces, including hospitals.
A study found that a significant number of pet cats and dogs develop antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 after being exposed to the virus through contact with their owners. The study suggests that pets may be at risk of infection if their owners have COVID-19.
Researchers found that a strong, coordinated T cell response is predictive of milder disease, while poor immune coordination leads to severe outcomes. Older adults' susceptibility to COVID-19 may be linked to declining naïve T cells and weaker adaptive immune responses.
The Arizona COVID-19 Genomics Union tracked SARS-CoV-2 strains in the state, finding that no widespread community transmission occurred until mid-February. The union's efforts helped prevent an outbreak and provided valuable time for preparedness efforts.
Researchers at University of California San Diego discovered SARS-CoV-2 uses heparan sulfate to bind to cells. The team found two approaches to reduce virus infection by 80-90%: removing heparan sulfate with enzymes or using heparin as bait, repurposing a widely used medication.
The study tracked strains of SARS-CoV-2 in Arizona, showing that the state remained COVID-free for weeks after the first reported case. The swift action by ASU and Maricopa County public health officials likely prevented an outbreak, allowing the state valuable time for preparedness efforts.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh isolated the smallest biological molecule to date that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2. The tiny antibody component, known as Ab8, is 10 times smaller than a full-sized antibody and has been shown to be highly effective in preventing and treating SARS-COV-2 infection in mice and hamsters.
A case-control study in Milan, Italy, found a significantly higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children than adults, who were admitted for noninfectious reasons. This suggests that children may be more likely to carry the virus asymptomatically.
Researchers at Sechenov University study immune reactions to develop an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. The key finding is that vaccines should induce high-affinity neutralizing antibodies targeting ACE2, while avoiding eosinophilic complications.
Researchers found that a genetic mutation in SIDT1 protein reduces the absorption of MIR2911, a key component in SARS-CoV-2 treatment, leading to reduced antiviral effects. People carrying this mutation had lower serum levels and exosome levels of MIR2911 compared to those without the mutation.
The UNC School of Medicine lab generated high-powered microscopic images showing startlingly high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads on human respiratory surfaces. These images illustrate the incredibly high number of virions produced and released per cell inside the human respiratory system, making a strong case for mask use to limit transmission.
Researchers found that practicing strict social distancing outdoors significantly lowers the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while frequent public transportation use increases the risk. The study surveyed over 1,000 people in Maryland and analyzed their social distancing practices and behavior.
A new study by Houston Methodist has developed a uniform, universal COVID-19 antibody test that can quickly and easily screen plasma donors. The test, which uses ELISA assays, was found to have an 80% probability of comparable antibody levels to VN titers at or above FDA-recommended levels for convalescent plasma.
Researchers analyzed 455 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Washington State and found evidence of a single introduction between January 22 and February 10. The analysis suggests that widespread surveillance is crucial even after the pandemic is brought under control, as community transmission can still occur.
A new study found that 15 out of 102 cat blood samples showed COVID-19 antibodies, with 11 cats having neutralizing antibodies to block the infection. The cats were from Wuhan, where the first outbreak occurred, and had been exposed to humans or other infected animals.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 patients' blood samples, revealing a unique metabolic signature associated with acute inflammation, liver dysfunction, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The findings may lead to the development of a metabolite-based diagnostic test and inform post-COVID-19 care.
Researchers are co-developing a new, rapid-acting, long-lasting disinfectant spray that instantly kills viruses without harsh chemicals. The spray uses UCF-developed cerium oxide nanoparticles, which have shown therapeutic properties against various diseases.
Researchers developed protein inhibitors that block SARS-CoV-2 interaction with human receptor ACE2, neutralizing virus infection. The small proteins were stable and showed promise for intranasal delivery.
Researchers found that immune cell responses were delayed in males and the elderly, leading to a dysfunctional antiviral response. This study suggests that age and sex may contribute to disease severity in COVID-19 patients., Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 may vary widely among different patient demographics.
A study by University of Utah Health researchers found that Black essential workers are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 due to their occupations, which increase their risk of exposure to the virus. This disparity is attributed to racial disparities in job classifications and access to healthcare resources.
Researchers have mapped the immune response in children with a rare and life-threatening inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19. The study found that the condition differs from Kawasaki disease and severe acute COVID-19, with distinct patterns of immune cell populations, inflammatory cytokines, and autoantibodies.
Recent peer reviews from the MIT Press journal RAPID REVIEWS COVID-19 offer valuable insights into various aspects of COVID-19 research. The analyses suggest that new prognostic scores can guide clinical decision-making and hospital admissions, while estrogen levels have been found to be associated with a reduced risk of severe complic...
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have identified a nanobody that can block SARS-CoV-2 from entering human cells, offering potential as an antiviral treatment for COVID-19. The nanobody, Ty1, neutralizes the virus by binding to its spike protein, preventing infection.
A COVID-19 vaccine candidate has been shown to prevent severe clinical disease in animals, including weight loss, pneumonia, and death. The vaccine elicited a robust immune response and protected non-human primates and Syrian golden hamsters against SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a comprehensive map of coronavirus entry factors, predicting which tissues and cell types are most vulnerable to infection. The study's findings support emerging clinical data on SARS-CoV-2's ability to infect various organs, including the intestines, kidney, and placenta.
The study aims to test the efficacy of LY-CoV555 in reducing viral load and clinical symptoms in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. The trial will enroll 400 total patients and provide a potential new treatment option for those with compromised immune systems.
A study published in Cell Reports identifies new possible entry points for SARS-CoV-2 into human bodies, including the nasal mucosa and potential hotspots such as the intestine and kidneys. The research provides insights into cellular factors that could contribute to the virus's spread and suggests promising candidates for therapies.
Research suggests that the immunological disturbances found in COVID-19 and obesity overlap, contributing to increased disease severity and mortality. Fat cells accumulate fat and become larger during weight gain, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation in obesity.
Researchers found comparable immune reactions in clinical follow-up of recovered and seriously ill Covid-19 patients. A strong T-cell and antibody response was detected in both mild and critically ill patients, but did not guarantee recovery.
A study of over 27,000 COVID-19 samples reveals low genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2, suggesting a single vaccine could combat global infections. This finding supports the development of a broadly protective vaccine against COVID-19, building on previous successes with other viruses.
A new LSU Health study reveals that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor plays a crucial role in the multipronged SARS-CoV-2 attack, leading to widespread COVID-19 infection. The research found high ACE2 expression in various organs and tissues, including the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems.
A new mouse model developed at UNC-Chapel Hill has captured many features of human COVID-19 disease, advancing the development of vaccines and therapeutics. The model has shown promise in protecting mice from infection with various treatments, including mRNA-1273 vaccine candidate.