Articles tagged with Sulfates
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A recent study found that magnesium sulfate significantly reduced neonatal brain injury associated with maternal inflammation or infection in rats. The findings suggest that magnesium therapy may be beneficial in human preterm deliveries linked to maternal/fetal inflammation.
USDA researcher David Straus found copper sulfate effective in controlling Ich and a fungus on catfish eggs, offering an inexpensive and safe solution for aquaculture. The treatment has potential for widespread use in fish ponds worldwide due to its ease of application and effectiveness.
A new method involves microbial sulfate reduction using an anaerobic bioreactor, reducing over 90% of sulfates in scrubbing water. The treated waste can be converted into elemental sulfur or metal sulfide nanoparticles for industrial use.
Researchers developed a new approach to determining the optimal distribution of sulfates in the stratosphere to achieve defined climate goals. The study found that uniformly distributed aerosols can minimize both temperature changes and hydrological cycle alterations, with potential reductions of up to 90% and two-thirds, respectively.
A recent study conducted by a University of Iowa professor and his colleagues found that increasing the ratio of black carbon to sulfate in the atmosphere increases climate warming. Black carbon from diesel engine exhaust and cooking fires was found to be more efficient at warming than biomass burning plumes.
New studies suggest that adequate bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy can impact follow-up timetables. Researchers found that inadequate bowel preparation resulted in a recommended follow-up colonoscopy 17.1 months earlier than average.
Researchers studied high-grade copper mineralization in porphyry Cu deposits, finding that fluid behavior correlates with emplacement depth of magmatic sources. Acoustic imaging revealed pressurized fluids in a subduction zone, explaining mechanical weakness and earthquake rupture processes.
Researchers found that certain microorganisms can convert methane to carbon dioxide using iron and manganese oxides as electron acceptors. This process is crucial for the Earth's carbon cycle and may have played a significant role in reducing methane levels on early Earth.
Researchers found evidence that magnesium sulfate administration significantly reduces the risk of cerebral palsy in children at risk. However, a roundtable discussion highlighted the need for further clarification on its use due to conflicting results from well-designed trials and observational studies.
Researchers propose alternative explanation for anomalous sulfur isotope composition in ancient rocks, suggesting early oxygen-rich atmosphere may have been present. Laboratory experiments show that organic material and thermal sulfate reduction can produce similar isotopic signatures.
Researchers at NASA found that aerosols are responsible for a significant portion of Arctic warming since 1976, with sulfates and black carbon playing critical roles. The study suggests aerosols may account for up to 45% of the observed warming, which is comparable to the impact of greenhouse gases.
Scientists found that the mineral composition of these coatings can have a substantial effect on the retention of nitrate and sulfate. Understanding this mechanism is critical to protecting groundwater resources.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that long-term administration of chondroitin sulfate can prevent joint structure degradation in patients with knee OA. The study also showed significant reductions in joint space loss, pain, and adverse events in the treatment group compared to the placebo group.
A two-year multicenter study on dietary supplements found no significant effect on slowing cartilage loss in osteoarthritis patients. The study, published in Arthritis & Rheumatism, compared the effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate to placebo, but found none had a clinically significant impact.
A multicenter study found that intravenous magnesium sulfate supplementation before preterm delivery cuts the risk for cerebral palsy in half. The study enrolled 2,241 women and found a significantly lower rate of all forms of cerebral palsy among those receiving magnesium sulfate.
Researchers found that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan helps repair injured spinal cord tissue, promoting motor function recovery during the acute phase. The study also highlights its role in microglia/macrophage activation, a crucial step in the healing process.
Researchers at UC San Diego found that ship smoke can be a significant contributor to poor air quality in coastal cities, particularly in California. The study reveals that high-sulfur fuel emissions from ships burning bunker oil can produce primary sulfate particles, which are especially fine and harmful to human health.
New research suggests that injecting sulfate particles into the stratosphere to cool the planet would have a drastic impact on the ozone layer. The study finds that such an approach might delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by decades and cause significant ozone loss over the Arctic.
A University of Utah study reveals that polar explorers saw an aerosol 'dry haze' in the late 1800s, likely generated by smelting and coal combustion. The haze was found to contain metallic particles, including vanadium and cobalt, consistent with heavy oil and coal combustion.
Researchers tracked sulfate and nitrate movement in forest soils during winter, finding most compounds were released in snowmelt. Organic soils acted as a sink for these compounds, with significant ammonium production indicating N mineralization was important.
Researchers have developed a new therapy for protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), a devastating condition that affects children after Fontan surgery. The treatment uses a heparin analog that prevents protein leakage without causing severe side effects, offering a safer alternative to current treatments.
A new study is expanding to include patients with severe strokes who cannot give informed consent, aiming to determine if early administration of magnesium sulfate improves patient outcomes. The trial has already enrolled over 250 patients and aims to answer a crucial question about the best approach to stroke treatment.
A new heparanase inhibitor has shown promising results in animal models, indicating its potential as a cancer drug. The enzyme heparanase splits polysaccharides into shorter fragments, which can promote tumor growth. By inhibiting this enzyme, researchers hope to develop a new treatment for cancer.
Researchers discovered that heparan sulfate is a receptor for the malaria parasite, allowing it quick transport through the body. This finding could lead to an environmentally safe and inexpensive way to block infection in mosquitoes, preventing malaria spread without drug side effects.
A new study from Stanford Medicine found that magnesium sulfate, commonly used to arrest preterm labor, has more mild to serious side effects than the alternative treatment nifedipine. The research suggests that physicians should consider side effects when choosing which drug to prescribe.
The study demonstrated similar release characteristics of the product to those found in previous studies of Alpharma's currently marketed KADIAN Capsules. The company is targeting an NDA filing for its abuse-deterrent product in the first half of 2008.
Researchers found slow-release morphine sulfate significantly reduced daily cough scores by 40% in patients with long-term, treatment-resistant chronic cough. The optimal dose for suppression lies between 5 and 10 mg twice daily, with common side effects including constipation and drowsiness.
A Phase III trial of cellulose sulfate, a topical microbicide gel, has been halted due to preliminary results indicating an increased risk of HIV infection in women. The Independent Data Monitoring Committee will conduct a review of the data to better understand the findings and determine implications for future research.
Studies found that heparan sulfate in the liver plays a crucial role in clearing triglycerides and cholesterol from the blood. The discovery could lead to new treatments for high blood-fat levels and related complications such as arthrosclerosis.
A new protein, RELM-beta, has been identified as a key player in the connection between gut bacteria and inflammatory bowel disease. Research found that mice lacking this protein are protected from colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate.
A new study suggests injecting sulfates into the stratosphere could slow down global warming and provide more time to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The approach has been shown to stabilize climate for up to 20 years, but geoengineering is not a panacea and mitigation alone can also address ocean acidification issues.
Three studies presented at CPDD show lisdexamfetamine dimesylate has lower euphoric effects and delayed peak effects compared to d-amphetamine sulfate. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate also produces liking effects in healthy adults with previous history of stimulant abuse.
A large-scale study found that glucosamine combined with chondroitin sulfate provided significant pain relief for participants with moderate-to-severe knee osteoarthritis pain, but not those with mild pain. The treatment was shown to be effective in reducing pain by 20% or more compared to placebo.
Scientists have discovered a novel protein complex that allows methanogens to survive in environments with sulfite, a toxic compound. The enzyme, coenzyme F420-dependent sulfite reductase, converts sulfite into sulfide, an essential nutrient for the organisms.
Researchers found diverse surface materials, including hydrated minerals, which suggest water was common on Mars. The study suggests areas like Syrtis Major, Valles Marineris, and Terra Meridiani are strong candidates for future Mars missions.
Scientists discover that tubeworms release waste sulfate to stimulate sulfide-producing microbes, enabling their remarkable 250-year lifespan. This symbiotic relationship helps the worms thrive in deep-sea environments where nutrients are scarce.
Research on Neoproterozoic low-latitude sedimentary rocks reveals that tropical oceans were likely very cold during the Cryogenian period, leading to widespread sea ice. In contrast, a Cretaceous alluvial sequence provides evidence of long-term amplification of the global hydrologic cycle and greenhouse climate signals.
Researchers drilled a complete 460-meter core through the ice to bedrock, capturing a climatological record preserved in the ice. The discovery of layers of non-volcanic pebbles and lack of ash layer contradict the current interpretation that Mount Churchill was the source of White River Ash deposits.
DepoDur offers a safe and effective alternative to traditional epidural analgesia, providing up to 48 hours of effective pain control without the need for continuous infusion. This single-shot epidural formulation has been shown to improve treatment of postoperative pain following major surgery.
Researchers have discovered a link between sulfate and arsenic levels in groundwater, suggesting that adding sulfate can effectively sequester arsenic. This method could provide a simple yet reliable field test to identify safe drinking water from contaminated sources.
Researchers found that different magnesium sulfate salts contain varying amounts of water, which could provide insight into Mars' history. The proportion and distribution of these salts may hold clues about past climate changes and water presence on the planet.
A new study found that taking DHEA, a hormone supplement popular among athletes, does not increase testosterone levels but boosts other harmful hormones associated with prostate growth. Researchers tested 12 healthy men and found increased levels of byproduct hormones that may be bad for the prostate.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that sulfuric acid combines with methanol to form methyl sulfate, which can contribute to cloud formation and trapping of heat. This interaction may have a significant impact on global climate change, but the conditions required for its formation are still not fully understood.
The study found that infants exposed to magnesium sulfate had lower rates of pediatric mortality, cerebral palsy, and substantial gross motor dysfunction compared to those not receiving the treatment. However, these differences were not statistically significant, and further trials are necessary to confirm the findings.
A team of scientists led by Veronica Vaida investigated how visible light breaks down sulfuric acid molecules, revealing a new mechanism for the formation of the Junge layer. This discovery allows researchers to predict sulfate layer formation and model chemical properties of the Earth's atmosphere.
A study found that acidified calcium sulfate is effective in killing Listeria on the surface of cooked products and preventing its regrowth. The treatment was shown to be safe and did not affect the taste or texture of the product, making it a potential solution for improving food safety.
A cost-effectiveness study finds radiofrequency ablation effective in treating supraventricular tachycardia, improving quality of life and reducing hospital visits. However, the online availability of hydrazine sulfate, touted as a cancer treatment with few side effects, has raised safety concerns after a fatal case report.
Researchers at UCSD discovered an oxygen-isotope anomaly in soils that suggests atmospheric deposition of sulfates from sulfur-emitting marine algae is a significant contributor to the region's high salt concentrations. The study provides concrete evidence for biological activity as the primary source of salt in the Dry Valleys.
The University of California, San Francisco is part of a national study evaluating medications that duplicate glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate for treating knee osteoarthritis. The four-year trial aims to assess efficacy, safety, and side effects in over 1,000 patients.