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AGU journal highlights -- Jan. 13, 2011

Scientists have identified a cluster of deep low-frequency earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault, influenced by a Chilean earthquake. Additionally, satellite imagery reveals evidence of buried water ice near the Martian equator, contradicting previous research that Mars' current climate is inhospitable to equatorial water ice.

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NASA satellites dissect Tropical Storm Vania's clouds and rainfall

The TRMM satellite provided a 3-D image of Vania with thunderstorms reaching 15 kilometers high, while Aqua satellite infrared data showed strongest convection over open waters. Tropical Storm Vania is forecast to move south and brush New Caledonia before weakening due to wind shear and cooler sea temperatures.

TRMM satellite sees system 98s raining on western Australia

A tropical cyclone system, System 98S, is bringing heavy rainfall and gusty winds to the northwestern coast of Western Australia. The NASA TRMM satellite has captured images of moderate to heavy rainfall in the system, with areas near Kununurra experiencing light to moderate rainfall.

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Satellites give an eagle eye on thunderstorms

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that satellite data can significantly improve forecast accuracy for thunderstorms, which can bring intense rain, hail, lightning, and tornadoes. By incorporating upper atmosphere conditions into storm prediction models, scientists can better anticipate severe weather events.

Rain gardens are sprouting up everywhere

Researchers are improving rain gardens to reduce runoff and filter pollutants, keeping toxic metals out of storm drains. Scientists have found that biochar-activated carbons can attract heavy metals, leading to more effective filtration.

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Volcanoes have shifted Asian rainfall

Scientists have found that large volcanic eruptions tend to dry up central Asia but bring more rain to southeast Asian countries. This contradicts climate models' predictions and highlights the complex interactions between natural and manmade forces.

NASA's TRMM satellite sees Tomas' power fluctuate

The TRMM satellite tracked Tomas' center of circulation reforming on Nov. 3 after being downgraded to a tropical depression the previous day. Maximum sustained winds remain at 35 mph as Tomas is expected to strengthen into a tropical storm, producing heavy rain accumulation in Haiti.

Time for a rain dance?

Research from Tel Aviv University reveals that cloud seeding with materials like silver iodide and frozen carbon dioxide does not produce rain. Instead, changes in weather patterns are responsible for increased rainfall.

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GOES-13 sees system 99L organizing tropically

System 99L is showing increased organization in the Caribbean Sea, with improved cloud structure and rainfall patterns. Heavy rainfall is expected for the Cayman Islands and Jamaica over the next couple of days.

Drought may threaten much of globe within decades

A new study predicts widespread droughts across much of the globe within decades, with most of Western Hemisphere and Eurasia at risk. Drought conditions are expected to worsen as warming temperatures lead to reduced rainfall and increased evaporation.

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October 2010 issue of the Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

Research reveals a causal relationship between rainfall and earthquakes, with variations in rainfall affecting pore-fluid pressure at depth and triggering earthquakes. Ground motion patterns in the Santa Clara Valley are also studied, revealing complex geological structures that influence seismic wave propagation and amplification.

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Huge post-tropical Hurricane Igor drenched Newfoundland, Canada

Hurricane Igor brought heavy rainfall and strong winds to Newfoundland, Canada, causing extensive flooding, power outages, and wind damage. The storm's circulation increased as it moved north, extending tropical-storm force winds up to 520 miles from its center.

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NASA satellites and aircraft studied Hurricane Karl before it faded

NASA satellites and aircraft gathered crucial data on Hurricane Karl's maximum sustained winds of 115 mph as it moved into Mexico's rugged terrain. The storm caused widespread flooding and evacuations, resulting in over 40,000 people being evacuated and eight reported missing.

NASA's 3-D look into Hurricane Igor's heavy rainfall

The TRMM satellite provided a 3-D image of Hurricane Igor's cloud heights and rainfall rates, revealing towering clouds and heavy rainfall. The image showed the eye was still distinct but the southwestern portion had eroded, with heavy rainfall falling at 2 inches per hour.

NASA eyes Karl, now a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico

Karl strengthened into a hurricane as it moved across the Gulf of Mexico, bringing heavy rainfall and strong winds to the region. The storm is forecast to make landfall in mainland Mexico late Friday or Friday night, with minimum central pressure at 983 millibars.

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GOES-13 sees system 92L looking more like a tropical depression

System 92L is developing a tropical depression signature with organized showers and thunderstorms. The system has a 40% chance of becoming a tropical depression over the next couple of days, posing life-threatening flash flooding and mudslides in the Caribbean region.

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Termites foretell climate change in Africa's savannas

Scientists mapped termite mounds to understand vegetation patterns and geology, revealing how changes in rainfall affect the landscape. The research uses termite mounds as indicators of ecological shifts from climate change.

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NASA satellites see Tropical Storm Frank powering back up near Mexico

Tropical Storm Frank has strengthened with increasing convection and tightening thunderstorm bands. NASA's TRMM satellite revealed a deep eye wall and microwave data confirmed the storm's west-northwest trajectory. Heavy rainfall is expected over south-central Mexico, with potential flash floods and landslides.

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NASA's Aqua Satellite sees TD5's remnants stretched out in US south

NASA's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder captured an infrared image of Tropical Depression 5's (TD5) remnants on August 18, showing showers and clouds extending from Louisiana northeast into Tennessee. The strongest thunderstorms were located over south central Louisiana and north central Alabama, producing heavy rainfall.

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NASA satellites see TD5's remnants still soaking Louisiana and Mississippi

The remnants of Tropical Depression Five continue to bring heavy rain to Louisiana and Mississippi, with some areas experiencing localized flooding. NASA satellite imagery shows the slow-moving system stretching from Louisiana northeast into Mississippi, with some higher thunderstorms embedded in the cloud cover.

NASA satellites investigate: Tropical Depression 5 may rise again

Tropical Depression Five's remnants have re-emerged in the Gulf of Mexico, with NASA satellites tracking its thunderstorms and potential for rebirth. The system has a 60% chance of developing into Tropical Depression 5 again, bringing heavy rainfall and gusty winds to coastal areas.

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Rain contributes to cycling patterns of clouds

Researchers demonstrate how rain causes air movement that breaks down and builds up cloud walls, forming honeycomb clouds with self-organizing patterns. These clouds cycle regularly due to the interaction between rising and falling air, resulting in shifting showers over time.

NOAA scientists uncover oscillating patterns in clouds

A NOAA study found that clouds exhibit oscillating patterns influenced by precipitation, creating regular rainfall events. The discovery highlights the impact of aerosols on large-scale cloud structure and climate change, suggesting a more complex understanding of interactions between aerosols and clouds.

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GOES-13 sees new Tropical Storm Bonnie raining on south Florida

Tropical Storm Bonnie strengthened into a tropical storm, bringing heavy rainfall to south Florida. The GOES-13 satellite provides visible images of the storm's cloud-covered center, and forecasts indicate it will pass near the Florida Keys and southern Florida before moving over the eastern Gulf of Mexico.

NASA satellites see System 97L serve up a soaking

System 97L is developing into a system with intense rainfall, affecting Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Hispaniola. NASA satellite data shows strong thunderstorms and cold cloud tops, indicating potential for a tropical cyclone.

Tropical Storm Conson forms in northwestern Pacific

Tropical Storm Conson has formed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean with maximum sustained winds near 60 knots (69 mph) and is forecast to make landfall on July 13. The storm's track is expected to take it north-northwest over the next couple of days, bringing heavy rainfall and gusty winds to the northern Philippines.

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