Articles tagged with Social Development
Patients with generalized social phobia show increased blood flow in medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala when reading negative statements about themselves. This context-dependent response may guide future therapeutic formulations for the disorder.
A landmark study reports a breakdown in the biotech patent system, citing a fixation on patents and privately-controlled research as a major obstacle to innovation. The authors argue that a more collaborative approach is needed to ensure that new ideas reach those who need them.
A study by David Stuckler and colleagues found that International Monetary Fund loans were associated with a 16.6% rise in death rates from tuberculosis (TB) in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern European countries between 1992 and 2002.
A new University of Washington study has found that scientifically validated prevention programs can significantly reduce the rate of juvenile delinquency in US communities. The study tracked over 4,400 students for five years and found that towns with prevention programs had a 27% lower rate of delinquent behavior.
Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (EIRA) study reveals a protective effect of oily fish intake on developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with a 20-30% reduced risk. Psychosocial stress and smoking, however, increase RA risk through dose-dependent mechanisms.
Researchers found that three-month-old infants are sensitive to emotional signals referring to objects in the world. Their brain activity shows heightened attention toward new objects when an adult expresses fear or neutral facial expressions towards them.
The Springer Handbook of Robotics presents the latest research in robotics, covering foundations to social and ethical implications. Edited by renowned experts Bruno Siciliano and Oussama Khatib, the handbook sets new standards for future developments and challenges in this scientific discipline.
A new study published in Child Development found that teenagers who feel good about themselves and are comfortable with their peers can be socially successful without being popular. The research suggests that adolescents' feelings of confidence in their own social standing are a protective factor for long-term social functioning.
A new study by the Society for Research in Child Development found that high-quality emotional and instructional interactions with teachers are key to children's development in pre-K. The research suggests that supportive teacher-child relationships can improve academic, language, and social skills in young children.
A recent study reveals that nearly one-third of US parents have low-level knowledge of typical infant development, resulting in impaired parent-child interactions. This false parenting assumption can rob kids of cognitive stimulation, as parents often misinterpret behaviors and set unrealistic expectations for their child's growth.
Dr. Martin Fisher's low-cost, human-powered irrigation pumps have enabled over 310,000 people to rise out of poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The pumps improve farming efficiency and allow small-scale rural farmers to grow high-value crops year-round.
The University of Houston has received a $750,000 grant from BP America to recruit and retain top students in engineering, sciences, mathematics, and business. The three-year scholarship program aims to develop the regional workforce through high-quality programs such as summer camps, scholarships, and mentorship opportunities.
A global team of experts recommends establishing guidelines for human-genome sequencing research to ensure ethical practices. Key recommendations include participant withdrawal rights and obtaining clear consent for future gene use.
Gro Amdam investigates biochemical factors influencing aging and longevity in honeybees, focusing on vitellogenin protein and social life history properties. Her work may reveal mechanisms governing lifespan in social species.
Researchers found that online P3 communities produce social capital, which strengthens over time and provides a foundation for archived technical assistance and broad social connections. Members develop an extended family-like relationship, sharing moral support and valuable advice.
Community mobilization is a key approach to prevent and reduce youth violence, according to experts. Studies from diverse communities show that collaborative partnerships, cultural appropriateness, and community ownership are essential factors in successful community mobilization.
Researchers discuss the potential for developing new therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by targeting abnormal embryonic pathways. The treatment imperative for cardiac interventions in older patients also drives this need for innovative treatments.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that children with high-functioning autism produce more contingent sentences when interacting with virtual peers. This suggests that virtual peers can be a useful tool in helping children with autism develop communication and social skills. The study aims to generalize these skills to m...
Robert Watson, a renowned climate scientist, has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to promoting international scientific cooperation. He is being awarded the AAAS International Scientific Cooperation Award for his work on environmental and sustainable development.
A study found that socio-economic factors and school catchment areas have a greater impact on reported sexual experience among teenagers than classroom discipline. Despite sex education efforts, schools' social organization and culture play little role in influencing pupils' behavior.
Companies recognized for diversity may prioritize surface-level recruiting over comprehensive programs, while those in top human resources departments focus on work environment improvements. Researchers found that diversity initiatives are more effective when driven by business goals, such as boosting productivity and profitability.
A Harvard University study found that living in a severely disadvantaged neighborhood decreases later verbal test scores by about four IQ points, equivalent to missing a year of school. This effect persists even after moving out of the neighborhood, highlighting the importance of addressing social factors beyond economic situation.
A 100,000-year-old Neanderthal from Belgium showed faster tooth growth, suggesting more advanced dental development. This pattern is intermediate between early human ancestors and living people, indicating a recent condition unique to our species.
Babies as young as six months old showed a preference for individuals who help others, while hindering was met with disdain. This early ability to evaluate people suggests that assessing interactions is central to processing the social world.
A new study by Dr. Eric Fombonne found that social skills training groups for autistic adolescents can lead to significant improvements in social and interpersonal skills. The groups, which involve role-playing and peer validation, have been shown to be efficient and effective in reducing problems with irritability and sensitivity.
A recent issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Development explores how cross-group friendships affect intergroup attitudes in children and adolescents. The findings suggest a positive relationship between dual identity and positive intergroup attitudes, highlighting the importance of promoting social inclusion.
A community-based trial in Uttar Pradesh, India found that disseminating information on entitled services improved the delivery of pre-natal care, infant vaccinations, and village council meetings. The intervention resulted in significant improvements, while control villages showed little change or worsening outcomes.
Global progress in maternal health is uneven and inequitable, with over half a million maternal deaths occurring annually. Despite this, successes in countries like Sri Lanka show that investment in education, employment, and maternal care can lead to significant improvements.
The Preserving Virtual Worlds project aims to develop standards for preserving digital games and interactive fiction like Second Life. The project will explore methods, infrastructure, and technology for preserving complex software, content, and interactivity in computer games and electronic literature.
Indigenous Australians face a greater burden of ill health, lower access to health services, more disability, and lower life expectancy. The Howard Government's pledge to improve indigenous health remains unmet, and the Editorial argues that the latest approach will not fulfil its promise.
Researchers develop mathematical model to predict ethnic conflict based on global pattern formation, finding poorly defined boundaries and heterogeneous areas prone to violence. The study suggests that clear borders can prevent ethnic tension, echoing Robert Frost's poem 'good fences make good neighbors',
A pioneering study has identified 13 key areas of concern for major science programs in developing countries, including community engagement, cultural acceptability, and corruption. The study aims to promote effective project planning and minimize adverse impacts on research participants.
A pioneering study identified 13 key issues, including community engagement, cultural acceptability, gender inequality, affordability, corruption and poor governance. The research aimed to prevent these challenges from hindering global health research in developing countries.
A team of researchers, including Arizona State University's Gro Amdam, has discovered that the Polistes wasp's larval environment determines its future royal stature through environmental cues. The study sheds light on how developmental diapause and reproduction can be adopted in primitively social settings to result in complex social ...
A University of Illinois study confirms that investing time and energy in youth activities and taking on a leadership role are key to maximizing their benefits for teens. Participation time is more important than the activity itself, according to the research.
Researchers identified early signs of autism development in 14-month-olds, including social and communication disruptions, irregular play patterns, and reduced verbal communication. Early diagnosis can make a significant difference in helping children with autism reach their full potential.
A study by Michigan State University researchers found that children's social skills at age three can predict their future academic performance. Positive interactions with peers and parental involvement are key factors in enhancing social skills, leading to better learning outcomes.
Research reveals that autistic children can learn and apply social stereotypes, including those based on race and sex, despite difficulties with theory of mind development. This finding suggests that different cognitive mechanisms may be at play for understanding social categories versus mental states.
A study of nearly 2,000 7-year-old twin pairs suggests a strong genetic connection between hyperactivity and poor academic performance. The researchers found that common genetic factors influence both behaviors, possibly due to genes affecting attention span and classroom learning.
A WHO-commissioned report highlights climate change's influence on health status, post-disaster responses in Indonesia, and improvements needed in housing programs. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health through community engagement and equitable urban development.
Brain structures reflect sex differences due to varying pressures on males and females, with larger neocortex linked to female sociability. Greater male competition correlates with reduced septum size, suggesting less control over aggression.
Rough and tumble play in animals has been linked to improved social competence and coordination. The study found that deprivation of peer interaction led to impaired movement coordination and perception of social cues in rats. These findings suggest that horseplay is essential for the development of social skills in humans.
Susan Murcott, an MIT engineer, collaborates with people from developed and developing countries to solve humanitarian problems. Her co-evolutionary engineering design approach ensures sustainable, affordable, and safe drinking water solutions.
Children with Williams syndrome exhibit universal sociability, but cultural differences influence social behavior in the US and Japan. Their social phenotype is shaped by both genes and interactions with the environment.
Researchers found a key region in the brain of primitively social paper wasp is better developed in dominant females than in subordinate ones. In contrast to highly social species, where age and foraging tasks influence brain development, dominance interactions dictate task performance in primitively social colonies.
Patients who received social support during and after a major intensive-care intervention showed reduced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Better-perceived social support was associated with improved mental health, including lower levels of anxiety and better quality of life.
Over 3 million women in poor countries have unrepaired vesicovaginal fistulas, with 130,000 new cases developing annually in African nations. Specialist fistula repair centers are urgently needed to address this devastating complication of pregnancy.
A study by University of Washington researchers found that children exposed to intimate partner violence at home are more likely to engage in physical and relational bullying. The study also highlights the importance of early identification and intervention to break the cycle of violence.
A University of Calgary archaeologist has proposed a new theory suggesting the First Nations of the Canadian Plains developed complex tribal social structures around 2,500 to 2,000 years ago. This finding contradicts the long-held view that European arrival and horse domestication led to the adoption of large tribes.
The ESRC report reveals high demand for social science PhD holders in various sectors beyond academia. The study highlights the crucial importance of equipping UK social scientists with core research and professional skills.
A new study uses a salivary test to measure alpha amylase levels in children, finding that social relationships with mothers and teachers influence stress responses. The findings suggest that individual differences in alpha amylase levels can be linked to social problems, aggressive behavior, and cognitive/academic difficulties.
Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) has received a $465,000 grant from the Henry Luce Foundation to develop a groundbreaking Ph.D. program in sustainability. The program will integrate research and coursework in engineering, science, economics, and public policy to advance sustainable industrial system design.
African-American children living in poverty face a significantly higher risk of high lead exposure and related cognitive impairments. Strict enforcement of lead abatement policies can reduce future poisonings, but compliance varies widely by state.
Dr. Jeremy Richards proposes setting uniform royalty rates for metal producers to account for extraction costs, which could lead to increased revenue for governments and reduced environmental impact. He also envisions a system of product ownership and recycling to promote social equity and sustainable development.
A study by Miles and Stipek found that social behavior and literacy achievement are connected, with poor reading skills in first grade predicting subsequent aggressive behavior. The research highlights the importance of teaching reading well in early grades and suggests that one-on-one tutoring can help stem negative behavior.
A new book by Arizona State University professor Gary Ladd explores the impact of children's peer relationships on their social competence, health, and development. The book reveals that many children face challenges in forming friendships and navigating peer groups, which can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression.
Experts from UWS Men's Health Information and Resource Centre argue that worsening men's health statistics are due to social causes such as education, socio-economic status, and housing stress. They advocate for a national health policy to address these underlying factors and improve men's health outcomes.
A Cornell University expert warns that people's capacity to evaluate themselves is usually modest, leading to overinflated views of expertise and character. This can have far-reaching implications in various aspects of life. The expert suggests that people should be more cautious about what they know and do not know about themselves.
The Cybertools project, led by Cornell University's Michael W. Macy, aims to develop tools to extract and analyze information from the Internet Archive, a massive collection of web pages. The project will explore the spread of innovation, social norms, and opinion dynamics in evolving networks.
African-American women are at high risk of physical inactivity, with nearly a third missing leisure-time exercise. A new study reveals that social support from family or friends significantly predicts physical activity, accounting for over 23% of the variance.