Articles tagged with Social Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discuss the potential for developing new therapies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by targeting abnormal embryonic pathways. The treatment imperative for cardiac interventions in older patients also drives this need for innovative treatments.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that children with high-functioning autism produce more contingent sentences when interacting with virtual peers. This suggests that virtual peers can be a useful tool in helping children with autism develop communication and social skills. The study aims to generalize these skills to m...
Robert Watson, a renowned climate scientist, has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to promoting international scientific cooperation. He is being awarded the AAAS International Scientific Cooperation Award for his work on environmental and sustainable development.
A study found that socio-economic factors and school catchment areas have a greater impact on reported sexual experience among teenagers than classroom discipline. Despite sex education efforts, schools' social organization and culture play little role in influencing pupils' behavior.
Companies recognized for diversity may prioritize surface-level recruiting over comprehensive programs, while those in top human resources departments focus on work environment improvements. Researchers found that diversity initiatives are more effective when driven by business goals, such as boosting productivity and profitability.
A Harvard University study found that living in a severely disadvantaged neighborhood decreases later verbal test scores by about four IQ points, equivalent to missing a year of school. This effect persists even after moving out of the neighborhood, highlighting the importance of addressing social factors beyond economic situation.
A 100,000-year-old Neanderthal from Belgium showed faster tooth growth, suggesting more advanced dental development. This pattern is intermediate between early human ancestors and living people, indicating a recent condition unique to our species.
Babies as young as six months old showed a preference for individuals who help others, while hindering was met with disdain. This early ability to evaluate people suggests that assessing interactions is central to processing the social world.
A new study by Dr. Eric Fombonne found that social skills training groups for autistic adolescents can lead to significant improvements in social and interpersonal skills. The groups, which involve role-playing and peer validation, have been shown to be efficient and effective in reducing problems with irritability and sensitivity.
A recent issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Development explores how cross-group friendships affect intergroup attitudes in children and adolescents. The findings suggest a positive relationship between dual identity and positive intergroup attitudes, highlighting the importance of promoting social inclusion.
A community-based trial in Uttar Pradesh, India found that disseminating information on entitled services improved the delivery of pre-natal care, infant vaccinations, and village council meetings. The intervention resulted in significant improvements, while control villages showed little change or worsening outcomes.
Global progress in maternal health is uneven and inequitable, with over half a million maternal deaths occurring annually. Despite this, successes in countries like Sri Lanka show that investment in education, employment, and maternal care can lead to significant improvements.
The Preserving Virtual Worlds project aims to develop standards for preserving digital games and interactive fiction like Second Life. The project will explore methods, infrastructure, and technology for preserving complex software, content, and interactivity in computer games and electronic literature.
Researchers develop mathematical model to predict ethnic conflict based on global pattern formation, finding poorly defined boundaries and heterogeneous areas prone to violence. The study suggests that clear borders can prevent ethnic tension, echoing Robert Frost's poem 'good fences make good neighbors',
Indigenous Australians face a greater burden of ill health, lower access to health services, more disability, and lower life expectancy. The Howard Government's pledge to improve indigenous health remains unmet, and the Editorial argues that the latest approach will not fulfil its promise.
A pioneering study has identified 13 key areas of concern for major science programs in developing countries, including community engagement, cultural acceptability, and corruption. The study aims to promote effective project planning and minimize adverse impacts on research participants.
A pioneering study identified 13 key issues, including community engagement, cultural acceptability, gender inequality, affordability, corruption and poor governance. The research aimed to prevent these challenges from hindering global health research in developing countries.
A team of researchers, including Arizona State University's Gro Amdam, has discovered that the Polistes wasp's larval environment determines its future royal stature through environmental cues. The study sheds light on how developmental diapause and reproduction can be adopted in primitively social settings to result in complex social ...
A University of Illinois study confirms that investing time and energy in youth activities and taking on a leadership role are key to maximizing their benefits for teens. Participation time is more important than the activity itself, according to the research.
Researchers identified early signs of autism development in 14-month-olds, including social and communication disruptions, irregular play patterns, and reduced verbal communication. Early diagnosis can make a significant difference in helping children with autism reach their full potential.
A study by Michigan State University researchers found that children's social skills at age three can predict their future academic performance. Positive interactions with peers and parental involvement are key factors in enhancing social skills, leading to better learning outcomes.
Research reveals that autistic children can learn and apply social stereotypes, including those based on race and sex, despite difficulties with theory of mind development. This finding suggests that different cognitive mechanisms may be at play for understanding social categories versus mental states.
A WHO-commissioned report highlights climate change's influence on health status, post-disaster responses in Indonesia, and improvements needed in housing programs. The report emphasizes the importance of addressing social determinants of health through community engagement and equitable urban development.
A study of nearly 2,000 7-year-old twin pairs suggests a strong genetic connection between hyperactivity and poor academic performance. The researchers found that common genetic factors influence both behaviors, possibly due to genes affecting attention span and classroom learning.
Brain structures reflect sex differences due to varying pressures on males and females, with larger neocortex linked to female sociability. Greater male competition correlates with reduced septum size, suggesting less control over aggression.
Rough and tumble play in animals has been linked to improved social competence and coordination. The study found that deprivation of peer interaction led to impaired movement coordination and perception of social cues in rats. These findings suggest that horseplay is essential for the development of social skills in humans.
Susan Murcott, an MIT engineer, collaborates with people from developed and developing countries to solve humanitarian problems. Her co-evolutionary engineering design approach ensures sustainable, affordable, and safe drinking water solutions.
Children with Williams syndrome exhibit universal sociability, but cultural differences influence social behavior in the US and Japan. Their social phenotype is shaped by both genes and interactions with the environment.
Researchers found a key region in the brain of primitively social paper wasp is better developed in dominant females than in subordinate ones. In contrast to highly social species, where age and foraging tasks influence brain development, dominance interactions dictate task performance in primitively social colonies.
Patients who received social support during and after a major intensive-care intervention showed reduced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Better-perceived social support was associated with improved mental health, including lower levels of anxiety and better quality of life.
Over 3 million women in poor countries have unrepaired vesicovaginal fistulas, with 130,000 new cases developing annually in African nations. Specialist fistula repair centers are urgently needed to address this devastating complication of pregnancy.
A study by University of Washington researchers found that children exposed to intimate partner violence at home are more likely to engage in physical and relational bullying. The study also highlights the importance of early identification and intervention to break the cycle of violence.
A University of Calgary archaeologist has proposed a new theory suggesting the First Nations of the Canadian Plains developed complex tribal social structures around 2,500 to 2,000 years ago. This finding contradicts the long-held view that European arrival and horse domestication led to the adoption of large tribes.
The ESRC report reveals high demand for social science PhD holders in various sectors beyond academia. The study highlights the crucial importance of equipping UK social scientists with core research and professional skills.
A new study uses a salivary test to measure alpha amylase levels in children, finding that social relationships with mothers and teachers influence stress responses. The findings suggest that individual differences in alpha amylase levels can be linked to social problems, aggressive behavior, and cognitive/academic difficulties.
Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) has received a $465,000 grant from the Henry Luce Foundation to develop a groundbreaking Ph.D. program in sustainability. The program will integrate research and coursework in engineering, science, economics, and public policy to advance sustainable industrial system design.
African-American children living in poverty face a significantly higher risk of high lead exposure and related cognitive impairments. Strict enforcement of lead abatement policies can reduce future poisonings, but compliance varies widely by state.
Dr. Jeremy Richards proposes setting uniform royalty rates for metal producers to account for extraction costs, which could lead to increased revenue for governments and reduced environmental impact. He also envisions a system of product ownership and recycling to promote social equity and sustainable development.
A study by Miles and Stipek found that social behavior and literacy achievement are connected, with poor reading skills in first grade predicting subsequent aggressive behavior. The research highlights the importance of teaching reading well in early grades and suggests that one-on-one tutoring can help stem negative behavior.
A new book by Arizona State University professor Gary Ladd explores the impact of children's peer relationships on their social competence, health, and development. The book reveals that many children face challenges in forming friendships and navigating peer groups, which can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression.
Experts from UWS Men's Health Information and Resource Centre argue that worsening men's health statistics are due to social causes such as education, socio-economic status, and housing stress. They advocate for a national health policy to address these underlying factors and improve men's health outcomes.
A Cornell University expert warns that people's capacity to evaluate themselves is usually modest, leading to overinflated views of expertise and character. This can have far-reaching implications in various aspects of life. The expert suggests that people should be more cautious about what they know and do not know about themselves.
The Cybertools project, led by Cornell University's Michael W. Macy, aims to develop tools to extract and analyze information from the Internet Archive, a massive collection of web pages. The project will explore the spread of innovation, social norms, and opinion dynamics in evolving networks.
African-American women are at high risk of physical inactivity, with nearly a third missing leisure-time exercise. A new study reveals that social support from family or friends significantly predicts physical activity, accounting for over 23% of the variance.
Researchers analyzed home videotapes of 56 children to find that infants with autism who experience regression show more frequent word use and babble than normal infants at 12 months. Early onset ASD infants display the least frequency of language development.
Researchers found a strong positive association between FGM and primary infertility, particularly with the most extensive form of the practice. The study suggests that women who have undergone FGM are at a higher risk of infertility due to anatomical changes, highlighting the need for preventive work against female genital mutilation.
Researchers found that genetic factors explain only a small extent of social aggression (20%), with environmental factors such as parental behavior and peer influence having a greater impact. The study also suggests that reducing physically aggressive behavior in early childhood may help prevent the development of social aggression.
Researchers have found that disruption of the Foxp2 gene affects the ability of infant rodents to emit ultrasonic vocalizations, which is crucial for social communication. The study suggests that Foxp2 subsumes communication across species, enabling researchers to learn about human speech and articulation.
Researchers identified a link between chromosomes 7 and 21 and autism susceptibility, with new evidence suggesting chromosome 21 plays a role in the condition. This finding may help explain the increased prevalence of autism among children with Down syndrome.
A new intervention program for toddlers with autism focuses on social engagement to improve language and cognitive development. The program aims to alter the trajectory of early brain development toward a more normal one by promoting emotional relationships between children and other people.
Research suggests that the quality of time spent by employed mothers with their infants is crucial for early development, rather than the amount of time spent. Mothers who prioritize spending time with their babies, regardless of employment status, are more likely to provide sensitive and high-quality parenting.
Children below 10 years old suppress racial prejudice when held accountable for their actions, but older children may increase their bias. Researchers suggest changing the normative climate in social environments can induce significant attitude change.
A new system of racial identification is proposed by sociologist David Harris, considering the multidimensional nature of racial classification. The 'matrix of race' identifies nine cells of identification based on genotype-ancestry, phenotype, and culture, addressing issues with census data collection.
A long-term study of children who received a social development program in elementary school found that they were more likely to graduate from high school, complete college, and have fewer mental health problems. The results suggest that early intervention can set a positive developmental trajectory into adulthood.
A new method, called Day Reconstruction Method (DRM), assesses how people spend their time and feel about daily activities. The study found that relaxing with friends is an enjoyable activity, while commuting is not.
A new study found that smokers who start screening at age 50 or older have a risk for developing lung cancer similar to those who smoked heavily for many years. Annual CT screening can identify high percentages of Stage I diagnoses, the most curable form of lung cancer.
A study of 101 at-risk adolescents found that poverty, enmeshed family relationships, and depressive symptoms are associated with decreases in attachment security. Longitudinal analysis revealed that stressors overwhelmed coping abilities while cutting off support from close relationships.
Research using non-human primates reveals that early life stress exposure timing affects brain development and behavior in adulthood. The study found that monkeys separated from their mothers at different ages displayed distinct behavioral patterns, with those separated earlier showing reduced social skills and increased anxiety.
Research on the 1970 British Cohort Study found that middle childhood development significantly affects adult outcomes. Children's relative cognitive ability changes between ages 5 and 10 are crucial, as those who 'escape' their initial performance tend to have better life chances and reduced risk of negative adult outcomes.
A Dartmouth College study found that groups are less segregated at work than at home in greater Los Angeles, with interracial contact increasing during the workday. Notably, African Americans remain highly segregated both at work and home, while immigrants from Mexico and whites disperse more during the day.