Researchers isolated a honeybee gene called csd, revealing that female bees have two different versions of the gene that form an active protein triggering female development. This discovery explains how male and female bees develop from fertilized and unfertilized eggs, respectively.
Researchers found that a combination of low-dose spiral CT and selective use of PET can effectively detect early-stage lung cancer in high-risk individuals. The study showed that lesions up to 5mm can be safely followed up after 12 months without major risks of progression.
Researchers found a clear association between ocean tides and ice stream motion in West Antarctica. The study discovered that a one-meter tide variation can cause an ice stream to halt and then accelerate rapidly.
A newly discovered gene, Stb8, has been found in bread wheat species to be resistant to Septoria tritici leaf blotch, a fungus causing significant yield losses worldwide. The gene's longer duration of effectiveness compared to previous genes may make it a valuable addition to breeding programs.
Researchers found that the HIV vpr gene exploits the normal repair process of cells to stop vital white blood cells from replicating, thus disabling the immune system. The study suggests a possible treatment for AIDS-related immune-system damage using medicines that prevent the human ATR gene from being activated by HIV's vpr gene.
Research at UCSF found that patients taking 80% or more of their antiretroviral medications developed twice as many resistance mutations as those taking less than 40%. Despite this, excellent adherence remains the best way to prevent HIV/AIDS and prolong life with resistant virus.
A recent study has found that 18F-FDG PET scans are more accurate than CT scans in predicting post-therapy Hodgkin's disease relapse. The diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET was 92%, while CT results were only correct in 56% of cases.
Researchers found steady, light rain in central Pacific during El Niño, which differs from thunderstorms. This type of rain affects air movement and jet stream patterns, leading to improved rainfall forecasts worldwide.
Researchers have discovered microRNA JAW that controls the development of flat leaves, a key characteristic in capturing sunlight and energy. The study reveals the importance of microRNA regulation in plant morphology, paving the way for new avenues in agricultural advancements.
Researchers found a common gene, Bric-a-brac2, responsible for diverse pattern and color pigmentation across 13 fruit fly species. The study suggests that similar genetic mechanisms govern body plans in related animals.
Studies with yeast prions show that small mutations can cause transmission barriers, potentially explaining species barriers for mammalian prions. The findings suggest a new approach to treating disorders like Alzheimer's by influencing toxic protein folding.
Researchers have mapped the location of a dominant signaling molecule on proteins, which causes cancer and diabetes when it goes awry. The discovery allows scientists to block aberrant binding and treat diseases by designing drugs that target specific phosphate bonding patterns.
A new study has found that mobile magma plumes, rather than stationary hotspots, are responsible for the formation of islands and subsurface mountains in the Pacific Ocean. This discovery challenges traditional theories of tectonic movement and sheds light on climate changes recorded in ancient rocks.
Dronabinol significantly reduced agitation in 66% of Alzheimer's patients and improved functional status in 69%, while also addressing weight loss. These findings suggest dronabinol as a potential treatment option for managing behavioral symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that most hydrogen eliminated from atmosphere goes into ground, highlighting importance of understanding soil destruction. Soil uptake of hydrogen is estimated to be as high as 80 percent, suggesting microbes use it for biological functions.
A study at the Salk Institute found that children with Williams syndrome exhibit unique social behavior patterns, including high scores on tests measuring social interactions. Genetic screening revealed that one gene may be responsible for this hyper-sociability in some individuals, suggesting a potential genetic link to the disorder.
A new study aims to investigate how physicians treat end-stage heart failure patients, focusing on the use of inotropic drugs. The research hopes to provide a framework for selecting care options, including palliation, for older heart failure patients near the end of life.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that 53% of computer searches for 'no prescription codeine' lead to illegal opiate sales sites. The sites often require minimal information and can be accessed from outside the US, posing a significant risk to public health.
The Bechtel Foundation has donated $300,000 to support the development of an atomic testing museum at the Desert Research Institute's Frank H. Rogers Building. The museum will feature exhibits on the Cold War role of the Nevada Test Site and traveling exhibits from the Smithsonian Institution.
A study published in JAMA found that children on the ketogenic diet for six months had significantly elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but these levels often normalized after treatment cessation. The researchers suggest that the diet should remain a treatment option despite short-term lipids elevation.
Research reveals Borneo's elephants are genetically distinct from other Asian elephants, suggesting they may have parted ways 300,000 years ago. This classification changes the focus of their conservation, as their habitats are increasingly disrupted by human expansion.
A study found that physicians often fail to discuss out-of-pocket costs with patients, leading to financial burden and skipped medication. Discussing costs can make a difference, enabling physicians to seek less expensive alternatives.
Researchers found that postmenopausal women with a higher body mass index have an increased risk of breast cancer due to elevated estrogen levels. In contrast, heavier men under age 60 or those with family history of prostate cancer may experience lower risks of developing the disease.
Researchers from deCODE Genetics and the University of Oxford found that genetic drift, not admixture, has shaped Iceland's gene pool. The study suggests that small effective population size and relative isolation have contributed to Iceland's unique genetic characteristics.
A 1,500-year-old underground tomb was discovered by Field Museum archaeologists beneath a palace-like residence in El Palmillo, Oaxaca. The tomb, remarkably well-preserved due to its subfloor location, contained three human remains with high-status signs, ceramic vessels, and red paint-covered bones.
Studies link early life risk factors to dementia onset and suicidal tendencies in older adults. Drivers Rehabilitation Programs may improve elderly driver safety. Most doctors fail to recognize early signs of Alzheimer's and cognitive impairment in their patients.
Researchers found that older men's sperm contain more disease-causing genetic mutations, which surprisingly increase the chances of fertilization. The mutations may confer a competitive advantage to the sperm, contributing to the increased incidence of rare genetic diseases in children born to older fathers.
A study examined whether limited-field radiation therapy could be an effective alternative to whole-breast radiation therapy for patients at low risk of recurrence. The results showed no significant difference in local recurrence rates or overall survival between the two groups after five years of follow-up.
Research suggests that obesity increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women by raising serum estrogen levels. The study analyzed blood samples from over 1,600 women and found a significant link between obesity and increased estrogen levels, highlighting the importance of controlling this modifiable risk factor.
The ADOPT-A trial demonstrates the effectiveness of the AF Suppression algorithm in reducing symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) burden. The study found a significant 25% reduction in symptomatic AF episodes in patients using the algorithm compared to those with standard pacemaker indications.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that obesity is associated with acute mountain sickness in high-altitude destinations. Obese individuals are more susceptible to symptoms such as headache, nausea, and fatigue, highlighting the importance of gradual ascent and medication for preventive measures.
Researchers found that patients with smoking-related cancers had shorter telomeres than those without cancer, and that short telomeres were associated with a greater cancer risk. Smoking status significantly influenced the effect of short telomeres on cancer risk.
Researchers found prolonged fever-induced seizures increase brain's production of endocannabinoids, leading to long-term modifications in neural receptors linked to them. This can result in an increased susceptibility to seizures until adulthood.
Purdue University's David Ertmer created an interactive website to monitor early speech development in children with hearing impairments. The site provides audio examples of baby jargon, such as babbling and squealing, to help parents recognize progress in their child's speech development.
A randomized, controlled study involving medical marijuana found no harmful changes in HIV virus levels or immune system function in patients with HIV. Participants experienced weight gain, but no change in their undetectable status.
Researchers have successfully differentiated adult bone marrow stem cells into functional dopamine-producing cells, similar to those found in embryonic and neural stem cells. This breakthrough holds promise for developing new treatments for Parkinson's disease.
Researchers use CD technology to detect biological interactions by exploiting errors in digital data. They attach molecules to a CD surface, allowing proteins to bind and introduce errors in the reading process.
The study estimates that the national prevalence of Alzheimer's disease will increase significantly by 2050, with 60% of cases projected to affect people 85 and older. This is due to declining death rates after age 65, allowing more people to survive to older ages where the risk of AD is highest.
A live but weakened virus is being tested as a potential West Nile virus vaccine, with promising results showing high levels of protective antibodies in monkeys. The vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing the disease-causing virus while triggering a strong immune response.
Seed Stage Associates LLC will provide education, assistance, training and advice to establish tech transfer offices, while aiding established offices in evaluation, marketing and licensing of new technologies. The company will leverage resources of western North Carolina schools for collaboration.
A global analysis reveals that 44% of the Earth's land surface consists of 24 wilderness areas, but they are occupied by only 3% of the world's population. These high-biodiversity wilderness areas face significant threats from human activities, and conservation efforts are necessary to protect them.
Researchers at Purdue University have captured the clearest image yet of the T4 virus's docking bay, a complex structure that allows it to infect its host. This breakthrough could lead to new strategies for stopping viral infections and developing novel antibiotics.
Researchers have found small, soluble aggregated proteins called ADDLs in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, up to 70 times more than in normal individuals. These proteins may be reversibly blocking memory function, providing a potential target for new therapeutic drugs.
The Mayo Clinic Proceedings has released an early review of West Nile virus to aid clinicians and the public. The review, written by Priya Sampathkumar, M.D., provides the most current information on the disease's epidemiology, virology, transmission, management, and prevention in humans and animals.
A new study finds that family-friendly policies do not reinforce traditional division of household labor, contrary to previous theories. In fact, some women report using policies to alleviate stress and resentment, while others find them liberating by encouraging husbands' involvement in home-based tasks.
A study by a UC assistant professor of sociology found that African Americans are twice as likely to prefer African American doctors and nurses if they or a family member experienced unfair treatment. The study analyzed national phone survey data collected by the Kaiser Family Foundation in 1999.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed a culvert test bed to assess hydraulic conditions and fish behavior in various culvert designs. The system enables controlled experiments to address ESA issues and inform improved stream crossing designs, benefiting the well-being of fish runs in Washington State.
Researchers estimate that by mid-century, up to 16 million Americans will have Alzheimer's disease, with significant increases in prevalence among the oldest age group. Increasing funding for research is critical to prevent the disease or delay its onset and avoid devastating economic costs.
A team of researchers from the Illinois State Water Survey and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that frequent droughts, lightning strikes, and fires are critical factors for the plains. Long-term data gathered since 1890 suggests that these extremes are key issues in addressing global climate change.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new tool using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to accurately determine bone mineral density in hens. The study found that more calcium resulted in greater bone mineral density and stronger bones, leading to potential improvements in egg production.
Research reveals that obese individuals are more likely to develop symptoms of acute mountain sickness at high altitudes, with lower blood oxygen levels. In contrast, smoking marijuana or taking synthetic cannabinoids in HIV patients did not affect key treatment indicators, according to a new study. A no-fault medical malpractice syste...
Black students fall further behind White students in both math and reading, with disparities traced to different learning rates, not school differences. Low-income children also lag behind middle-class peers in math and reading during kindergarten and summer before first grade.
The sequenced genome of Pseudomonas syringae provides a blueprint for understanding its virulence and pathogenesis, shedding light on the complex mechanisms behind bacterial disease
A study found that children with severe attention problems in childhood are more likely to develop substance abuse issues, particularly alcohol and marijuana problems. The researchers suggest that early identification and treatment of ADHD can help prevent these issues by targeting the root cause of inattention symptoms.
A study found that teenagers with severe childhood ADHD are more likely to experience substance use problems, including alcohol and marijuana use. The researchers also discovered that the severity of inattention symptoms in childhood ADHD is a strong predictor of early substance abuse.
Researchers discovered that repeated vaccinations provide short-term immunity boosts but do not sustain higher protection levels. Long-term antibody immunity can last throughout a person's lifetime, while T-cell immunity declines slowly over time.
Element 110, darmstadtium, has been named by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry after its discovery in Darmstadt, Germany. The element was synthesized through a fusion-evaporation experiment using a 62Ni beam on an isotopically enriched 208Pb target.
A sociologist has developed a 10-category scale to measure disasters and terrorism events, helping researchers and practitioners distinguish between appropriate mitigating efforts. The scale assesses the degree of social disruption resulting from an actual or potential disaster, with categories ranging from everyday emergencies to anni...
Researchers have identified a small subset of dendritic cells that can suppress T-cell responses, potentially treating tumors and autoimmune diseases. Experimental immunosuppressive agents are being explored for their ability to target this subset, offering new hope for patients with transplanted organs and autoimmune conditions.
Finnish investigators found that higher levels of physical activity were associated with a slower rate of decline in pulmonary function with aging. The study, which followed middle-age men over 25 years, suggests that regular exercise can delay the onset of age-related lung function decline.