Researchers found semen volume increases with abstinence, but sperm morphology deteriorates over time. Abstaining for up to two days may be sufficient for some men undergoing fertility treatment.
The study found significant disparities in self-reported versus diagnosed alcoholism rates among elderly individuals, with certain groups, such as those in poor health or aged 75+, being more likely to be under-diagnosed. The researchers identified key risk factors that can inform targeted screenings and interventions.
Researchers from Field Museum and American Museum of Natural History analyze museum specimens to understand genetic variation of the Northeastern Beach Tiger Beetle. They discover more genetic variation across historical range, suggesting human impacts led to fragmentation of populations.
Researchers investigated how babies up to six months old perceive moving objects behind screens, finding that they initially don't see continuity until four months old. This suggests that babies develop their perceptual abilities with age rather than being born with them.
A team of Johns Hopkins students designed and built a computer-guided pill dispensing machine for a quadriplegic man, allowing him to take medication independently. The device, which uses a mouth stick and slam switch, enables the user to select medication and dispense it through a tube into their mouth.
A Cornell University expert argues that 8 million childhood deaths worldwide are preventable due to malnutrition. Malnutrition interacts with diseases like measles and pneumonia, increasing the risk of death by up to 12 times. The solution lies in making healthcare more equitable and accessible, despite funding issues.
The US-EC Biotech Task Force is exploring the potential of transkingdom biology to bring together life forms from diverse kingdoms. This new field has opened up a broader relevance due to commonalities in molecular machinery, enabling researchers to share findings and perspectives.
Researchers analyzed interviews with WW2 Polish Resistance veterans to identify key motivations behind recruitment, including patriotism, xenophobia, and moral constraint. The study found that these emotions were rooted in a migrants' moral system and family life, rather than solely driven by ideology.
A study published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society found that chronic cannabis use has a small impact on learning and forgetting, suggesting selective memory defects. The research team suggests that heavy marijuana users often abuse other drugs with potential long-term neurological effects.
A recent study by Stanford researchers found that receiving traffic tickets reduces drivers' risk of dying in crashes by 35 percent. The study analyzed public records of Ontario drivers involved in fatal crashes between 1988 and 1998, revealing a significant protective effect of traffic enforcement.
Researchers found that the normal form of the BRCA-2 gene enhances androgen receptors' activity to suppress tumors. The mutant form of BRCA-2 fails to enhance activity, allowing cancer cells to proliferate. The study provides new insights into male breast cancer and its connection to the BRCA-2 gene.
Researchers found a clear association between increased DDT concentrations in maternal blood and decreased chance of pregnancy in daughters. The opposite effect of DDE concentrations was unexpected, but may explain the lack of large changes in human reproductive performance after DDT introduction.
A new study reveals that bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7) can reverse chronic kidney injury by reducing scar tissue and repairing damaged areas. This breakthrough could lead to a cost-effective treatment alternative for patients currently undergoing dialysis, significantly improving their quality of life.
A recent study by the American College of Emergency Physicians found no significant racial differences in the administration of pain medications to children, but did reveal regional variations. Children in the South and West received narcotics more frequently than those in other parts of the country.
A two-thirds reduction in childhood deaths is achievable in 42 countries with 90% of child deaths if known low cost measures such as breastfeeding and vaccination are extended to maximum coverage. The primary challenge today is to transfer what we already know into action.
The study found that uninsured patients and Medicaid recipients account for a significant proportion of emergency department visits due to tooth pain or injury. Despite receiving antibiotics or pain medication, these patients often lack follow-up dental care.
Researchers have discovered a nickel-tin catalyst that can replace precious metal platinum in producing hydrogen fuel from plants. The new catalyst, combined with a hydrogen purification innovation, offers opportunities for transitioning to a world economy based on renewable resources.
Researchers have identified a new target for treating female sexual dysfunction, which is caused by an enzyme that disrupts blood flow. The discovery provides an important advance in understanding the biochemical cascade involved in healthy sexual function.
A new study reveals the global spread of a virulent dengue virus strain responsible for severe disease outbreaks in Latin America and Africa. The research uses viral genetics to demonstrate the virus's movement from Asia and Africa to the Americas, shedding light on its emergence and transmission.
Scientists have determined the structure of the 2G12 antibody, which neutralizes HIV by binding to sugars on its surface. The antibody's unique structure could provide a template for designing an antigen that triggers the body to produce it, potentially leading to an HIV vaccine.
Researchers chart seismic effects on water levels to better understand the impact of earthquakes on hydrology. The study found that wells and aquifers respond differently to earthquakes than surface water, with effects recorded at greater distances.
Research reveals that amyloid accumulation selectively reduces expression of genes essential for forming new memories, leading to early memory loss in Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests a new approach to treating the disease by blocking the effect of remaining amyloid on normal learning and memory.
According to a study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, China loses an estimated 12 million productive working years annually due to injuries. The economic burden is substantial, with motor vehicle crashes, suicide, and falls accounting for the majority of productivity lost.
Children who consumed more than 12 ounces of sweetened drinks gained significantly more weight than those who drank less, due to increased caloric intake. The study also found that sweetened drinks displaced milk consumption, leading to lower calcium and zinc intake.
Researchers are conducting critical infrastructure modeling and assessment to improve public safety. They analyze the connections between infrastructures, such as traffic lights and power plants, to anticipate potential failures. The project creates data visualizations to help policymakers understand the big picture.
A new study found that alcohol consumption increases the activity of a protein that causes the hepatitis C virus to replicate, leading to liver disease. The study also discovered that alcohol interferes with antiviral treatment, such as interferon-alpha, which is currently the only licensed treatment for the infection.
A study by Cornell University found that smoke-free regulations in New York restaurants and hotels did not harm employment or sales. In fact, the regulations led to a statistically significant increase in taxable sales and overall payrolls.
Researchers at TSRI describe an unusual antibody configuration that effectively neutralizes HIV by binding to sugars on its surface. This breakthrough could lead to designing an effective AIDS vaccine by stimulating the human immune system to produce similar broadly neutralizing antibodies.
Studies found that increasing TBP levels can contribute to oncogenesis, while p53 acts as a tumor suppressor by reducing TBP's effective concentration. These findings have implications for the development of new cancer treatments and therapies.
Research found that alcohol consumption increases hepatitis C virus replication by upregulating nuclear factor kappa B, a key cellular regulator of immune pathways. Alcohol also inhibits the anti-HCV effect of interferon-alpha therapy. Treatment with naltrexone abolishes alcohol actions.
Researchers exposed eight healthy participants to hypoxia and normal air conditions to investigate potential link between air travel and venous thrombosis (DVT). The study found no significant changes in clotting activity during hypoxic exposure, but a larger study is required to confirm these findings.
A new study connects a powerful cancer-causing protein to a gene associated with Werner syndrome, a disease causing premature aging. Researchers suggest developing drugs that interfere with the WRN gene's anti-aging properties to block Myc's tumor-promoting activity.
Researchers have developed a new catalyst that can produce hydrogen at lower temperatures and with reduced greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional methods. The catalyst, based on nickel, tin, and aluminum, has the potential to be used in industrial applications such as fertilizers production and petroleum products processing.
A study of 239 heart-attack victims reveals that African Americans waited significantly longer than non-Hispanic whites to receive treatment, with blacks delaying by over three hours and whites by two hours. This delay can lead to reduced mortality rates if treatment begins within an hour after symptoms onset.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that patients experience more improvement in quality of life when taking more expensive pharmaceuticals, regardless of the ailment. The study suggests that government interference with market prices may reduce long-term drug development and potentially lead to fewer quality drugs.
Researchers engineered bacteria to produce bixin, a plant product used in foods and cosmetics, by replicating the plant's biosynthetic pathway. The genetically modified E. coli can produce the same compound as the natural source, providing an alternative for expanding supply and addressing challenges in non-biological synthesis.
A study published in The Lancet found that law enforcement can substantially reduce fatal traffic crashes by 35% lower risk of fatalities after a conviction. Enforcement policies, including penalty points for driving convictions, show greater reductions in fatal crashes than mandatory vehicle improvements.
A new biomarker, HE4, has been identified as a potential tool for early detection of ovarian cancer. The molecule is secreted into the blood and its presence can be detected in simple clinical tests.
A specific group of brain proteins called alpha-Neurexins is essential for activating communication between neurons, and its absence disrupts synaptic transmission. This discovery expands knowledge of synaptic transmission and provides new insight into how the brain works.
The Millennium Cohort Study found that over seven percent of English babies sleep in their parents' bed, a higher rate compared to other countries. The study also revealed various interesting facts about the first year of life for these children, such as the most common names and solid food consumption.
Researchers found that signals from the basal ganglia may be preventing intact visual areas from functioning properly. Disrupting basal ganglia activity could restore balance and treat visual neglect, a condition where patients perceive only half of their surroundings.
Researchers published studies on new treatments for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a potential new treatment for pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell patients using oral arginine, and the benefits of noninvasive ventilation. Early removal of breathing tubes, combined with noninvasive ventilation, significantly reduced hospi...
Researchers have identified a set of genes specifically associated with breast cancer's ability to metastasize to bone. The study found that these 'poor prognosis signature' genes enable tumor cells to home in on bone and trigger growth of blood vessels. The discovery does not invalidate the classical model of tumor cell metastasis, bu...
Researchers at USC developed synthetic enzymes that can combat oxidative damage, leading to improved memory in mice. The findings suggest these compounds may be more effective than traditional antioxidants in humans and could potentially treat various diseases with an oxidative component.
A study of 602 college students found that relocation after parents' divorce is associated with negative effects on children's psychological and emotional adjustment, general life satisfaction, and financial support. The researchers warn that the results are correlational and more longitudinal research is needed to confirm the findings.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that bortezomib responded positively in 193 relapsed patients, including seven with undetectable myeloma protein and 12 with detectable protein only with immunofixation. The results confirmed significant clinical benefits from therapy.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that a generalized rash on some smallpox vaccine recipients was not due to the virus, but rather a benign reaction called folliculitis. The study aimed to clarify this previously unwell-documented phenomenon and reassure physicians about accurate diagnosis.
Research suggests a significant association between cigarette smoke exposure and lower folate levels, potentially increasing the risk of diseases such as heart disease and breast cancer. The study found that red blood cell folate levels were 20% lower in current smokers compared to nonsmokers.
Researchers have found a link between low nerve cell counts and inherited auditory neuropathy, a disorder affecting approximately 250,000 people. The study suggests that new therapies may be developed to prevent or treat the condition, potentially preserving existing nerve cells through stem cell research.
A team of Purdue University researchers has identified two genetic mutations that alter plant growth and development, potentially leading to more resilient crops. These mutations also hold promise for improving cancer treatments by controlling the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs.
The American Chemical Society has selected four US students and two alternates to compete in the International Chemistry Olympiad. The team members, from various states across the country, will receive college-level training in organic chemistry through a series of lectures, problem-solving exercises, lab work, and testing.
Private Medicare+Choice plans experience instability, with low participation rates and high turnover among physicians and hospitals. The complex choice of benefits and cost-sharing makes it difficult for beneficiaries to make informed decisions.
Researchers at UW-Madison will enhance the Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (CHESS) with new functions tailored to individual needs. The center's projects aim to improve patient outcomes, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness in cancer communication systems.
A recent survey found that nearly half of primary care physicians feel uncertain in diagnosing adult ADHD, highlighting the need for better training and symptom assessment tools. The survey also revealed that only 34% of physicians report being knowledgeable about adult ADHD, compared to 92% for depression.
Scientists from NSF and DFG present striking new results from the Gakkel Ridge research cruise, which contradicts expectations of volcanic activity. The slowest spreading rate was found to have higher levels of volcanic activity than predicted, highlighting the importance of other factors in crust formation.
Researchers analyzed over 450,000 web queries, finding half of users enter only one query with 54% viewing just one page of results. Site developers can improve odds by getting indexed by all search engines and crafting clear abstracts about their site's purpose.
Researchers develop scaffold that enables bone marrow cells to grow naturally without growth factors, promoting dense new bone growth. The technology has shown promising results in animal studies, with strong new bone replacing the scaffold in just eight weeks.
A recent study by Arizona State University researchers contradicts the assumption that a child's best interest is served when the custodial parent moves. The study found that students whose parents had moved experienced higher negative impacts on general health, financial support, and emotional well-being.
The June issue of Plant Physiology features UCR's Center for Plant Cell Biology, which addresses fundamental questions in plant biology through interdisciplinary approaches. The center's work has significant implications for understanding plant cell function and responses to environmental changes.
Biotechnology Heritage Award honors William Rutter's significant contributions to the development of biotechnology through discovery, innovation, and public understanding. Rutter's entrepreneurial spirit and management skills played a crucial role in the growth of biotechnology as a discipline and global industry.