A new study suggests that viruses may contribute to cancer by causing excessive death to normal cells while promoting the growth of surviving cells with cancerous traits. The Phoenix Paradigm model proposes a separate mechanism where viral infection selects pre-existing mutated clones, promoting their further growth and multiplication.
Researchers found that remote infrared imaging can accurately detect sleep disorders during sleep, with results comparable to conventional methods. The non-contact method has potential as a portable alternative for monitoring sleep patterns in natural environments.
Researchers present studies evaluating percutaneous procedures to repair and replace defective heart valves, demonstrating clinical improvements for high-risk patients. The devices have been shown to provide sustained symptom improvement for at least 6-12 months in these patients.
Climate change models predict catastrophic fires in Southern California due to growing vegetation and prolonged drought periods. The region may experience longer-term precipitation patterns with less year-to-year variability, leading to heavier vegetation loads and increased fuel loads.
A new study shows that 32.1% of patients with asthma or COPD use their dry powder inhalers (DPIs) incorrectly, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The error rate increases with age and severity of airway obstruction.
The 2007 Michael Young Prize winners, Dr Elizabeth Pellicano and Dr Asi Sharabi, have been recognized for their groundbreaking research on autism and its impact. Their studies provide valuable insights into the developmental disorder and offer solutions to improve policy responses and communication with carers.
A team of scientists will use a systems biology approach to build a detailed picture of immune system function, focusing on innate and adaptive immunity. The research aims to develop new treatments, diagnostics, and vaccines for infectious diseases.
Researchers present studies on novel insulin-like growth factor receptor enzyme inhibitors and approved drugs in new applications, showing promising results in solid tumors and metastatic renal cancer. Early evidence suggests antitumor activity and potential benefits for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic ki...
A new study suggests that firing clay in unvented kilns could be a significant source of exposure to dioxins, particularly for individuals who use the kilns regularly. The study found elevated levels of dioxins in two women who frequently used kilns in their homes.
A systematic review found that 44% of activity-based trials and 50% of psychological studies reported significant results in reducing fatigue among cancer patients. However, the effects were considered modest, and more research is needed to determine their effectiveness.
A new University of Missouri-Columbia study highlights the importance of religion and spirituality as positive health coping mechanisms for persons with chronic disabilities. The research suggests that healthcare providers should encourage religious practices to improve patient outcomes.
A team of experts is conducting a genome-wide association scanning study to analyze DNA samples from 14,000 people with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls. This study aims to identify common genetic variations that increase the risk of the disease, providing valuable insights into its causes.
New research by Jeffrey W. Legro assesses China's outlook on the international order, finding that integrationist foreign policy is driven by national economic development and sovereignty. The study advises US policymakers to pay attention to emerging ideas in China that may replace current strategic intentions.
Researchers at Yale University discovered that Legionella proteins work together to survive by hijacking cellular compartments. The bacteria manipulate macrophages to transport them to nutrient-rich organelles, where they replicate in high numbers.
The Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor College of Medicine has acquired seven additional Genome Sequencer FLX Systems from 454 Life Sciences, a Roche company. The center will use these instruments to analyze genetic changes in diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and asthma.
Research reveals greater asthma severity and poorer perceived control increase the risk of death among adults. Additionally, uncontrolled asthma leads to more school/work absenteeism and may result in fewer doctor visits for those keeping an asthma diary, according to a new study.
The Sunrise project successfully launched a solar telescope to an altitude of 120,000 feet, enabling scientists to view features of the Sun that were previously unseen. The telescope will capture stable images in the ultraviolet range, allowing for higher resolution than can be obtained from Earth's surface.
A recent study found that diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) can predict moderate to severe chronic liver disease. The technique measured water diffusion in the liver tissue and showed promise as a non-invasive alternative to liver biopsy.
A team of researchers developed a new class of electrocatalyst that outperforms pure platinum in reducing oxygen. The catalyst features nanoparticles with a platinum-rich shell and a copper-cobalt core.
Researchers found that influenza vaccine is less effective in rural children of Gabon compared to semi-urban counterparts due to co-infections and poor nutrition. This study highlights the need for tailored approaches to pandemic influenza prevention in developing countries.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center discovered how gold eases pain of arthritis by blocking release of HMGB1 from the nucleus, weakening inflammatory response. Gold inhibits HMGB1 release using interferon beta and nitric oxide, a promising mechanism for new treatments.
A study found that care provided by nurses and clinicians in primary health care settings can lead to good outcomes for HIV-infected children in Africa. Children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) showed significant improvements in CD4 cell status, weight gain, and hemoglobin concentration.
Researchers found that when individuals contemplate death, their unconscious mind actively seeks out and activates pleasant memories to cope with the threat. This 'terror management theory' suggests that the brain protects itself from paralyzing fear by involuntarily searching for positive associations.
A study found that sleep deprivation excessively boosts the part of the brain connected to depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric disorders. The amygdala becomes hyperactive in response to negative visual stimuli, shutting down the prefrontal cortex and preventing the release of chemicals needed for calmness.
Research finds that women in Botswana and Swaziland who experience food insufficiency are nearly twice as likely to have high-risk sex. Protecting access to food may decrease vulnerability to HIV infection, says a new study published in PLoS Medicine.
A new research study found that chewing gum before an afternoon snack can significantly reduce calorie intake from snacks by 25 calories. Nutritionists say even small changes in calories can have a long-term impact on weight management.
A study published in Neurology found that people with more years of education lose their memory at a faster rate before a dementia diagnosis. The researchers discovered that higher levels of education delay the onset of dementia but accelerate memory decline once it begins.
A Princeton University study reveals that quick facial judgments can accurately predict real-world election returns, with a rapid appraisal of two candidates' faces sufficient to predict the winner in about 70 percent of U.S. senator and state governor races in 2006 elections.
A study at Mercy Medical Center found that implementing Six Sigma performance improvement practices reduced in-patient mortality, length of stay, and healthcare costs for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. The initiative also improved compliance with Joint Commission Core Measures.
Research suggests that weight gain throughout adulthood, rather than maintaining a stable weight, may increase the risk of breast cancer after menopause. Women who gained weight during certain life stages were more likely to develop breast cancer compared to those with stable weights.
A recent global surgical mission successfully treated 39 Zimbabwean children with cleft lip and palate without complications. The key to effective care lies in training and continuing education of local physicians, a crucial step towards improving the socioeconomic conditions in Zimbabwe.
A survey of Canadian parliamentarians reveals that most have poor knowledge of health research activities, benefits, and costs in Canada. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and education about the importance of health research.
Researchers integrate information technologies into clinical studies to improve dengue infection research and access to healthcare in low-income countries. A framework for analysis and action is presented to explore and improve access to healthcare in resource-poor countries.
The EU-funded sleep research project has investigated the effects of partial sleep loss on human health, finding that individuals' ability to perform complex tasks decreases with restricted sleep. The study also revealed changes in the immunological system, including increased C-reactive protein levels.
The Autism Consortium has released genetic data from 3,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorders to the scientific community. The data set provides a comprehensive look at genetic variation patterns in families with autism, shedding light on the complex causes of the disorder.
More than 200 medical and scientific journals are publishing articles on poverty and human development to address this critically important global topic. The studies will focus on targeting funding and programs for the poor, as well as health effects of declining income and innovation in global health.
A study found that a strain of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa developed resistance to multiple drugs due to inadequate drug susceptibility testing. The authors emphasize the need for increased use of drug resistance surveillance programs to prevent further development of XDR TB.
QUT and Syngenta will collaborate on developing cellulosic ethanol from sugarcane, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to conventional petrol. The partnership is expected to lead to a significant global stake in biofuels research and potentially replace 30% of vehicle petroleum globally.
A two-year study involving 321 patients found that endobronchial valves significantly improved measures of lung function and quality of life for emphysema patients. The valves allowed over-distended air sacs to deflate, resulting in increased overall lung function.
A new heparanase inhibitor has shown promising results in animal models, indicating its potential as a cancer drug. The enzyme heparanase splits polysaccharides into shorter fragments, which can promote tumor growth. By inhibiting this enzyme, researchers hope to develop a new treatment for cancer.
SQ109 shows excellent in vitro and in vivo activity against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB bacteria. The treatment also synergizes with other TB drugs in experimental animal models, offering new combinations with greater activity than current standard care.
A large-scale study published in CANCER journal found that a patient's emotional state has no direct or indirect effect on cancer survival or disease progression. The research analyzed data from over 1,000 patients with head and neck cancer, concluding that psychological factors are not independently prognostic in cancer management.
Researchers found that prioritizing the poor in nutrition and sanitation improvements leads to greater health gains, with potential reductions of 31% in sub-Saharan Africa and 1.47 million fewer child deaths annually
A study of postmenopausal women found that healthy dietary patterns, moderate alcohol consumption, physical activity, a healthy weight, and not smoking were linked to a significantly reduced risk of heart attack. These behaviors, present in 5% of the population, may prevent 77% of myocardial infarctions.
A recent study highlights the significant impact of poverty on chronic disease in Asian countries, resulting in over 8 million avoidable deaths annually. Practical interventions such as tobacco-smoking cessation programs and regional partnerships between governments and institutions are proposed to mitigate these effects.
A community-based trial in Uttar Pradesh, India found that disseminating information on entitled services improved the delivery of pre-natal care, infant vaccinations, and village council meetings. The intervention resulted in significant improvements, while control villages showed little change or worsening outcomes.
A Temple University analysis reveals that eating three to six fast-food meals per week is associated with a significant increase in body mass index. The study also found that Americans are less willing to pay more for healthy dishes, less knowledgeable about healthy menu items, and more likely to consider healthy items bland-tasting.
A new study suggests that urban areas and roadways could be major contributors to nitrate pollution, which can harm aquatic ecosystems and human health. The research found that stationary sources, such as power plants, are the primary source of nitrate in urban areas.
Men who consume more whole grain breakfast cereals have a lower risk of heart failure. The study found that participants with higher cereal intake had a significantly reduced risk of heart failure compared to those who didn't eat any cereal.
Researchers from Harvard University have demonstrated a laser with unprecedented detail, capable of resolving chemical composition of samples like cells. This device combines Quantum Cascade Lasers with optical antenna nanotechnology, enabling new ultrahigh spatial resolution microscopes for chemical imaging.
Research suggests that perceived safety is a significant barrier to physical activity among low-income individuals. Women who feel unsafe at night take significantly fewer steps, compromising their health. The findings underscore the importance of addressing safety concerns to encourage exercise and improve overall well-being in disadv...
The journal PLoS Medicine gathered global health experts to identify the single intervention that would have the greatest impact on the health of those living on less than $1 a day. Experts recommend training village health workers, hunger alleviation, and prevention of malaria as key strategies.
Researchers at UCL find mice missing IRS-1 have increased lifespan by 20% and better health as they age, with improved eyesight, alertness, and immune function, while lacking IRS-2 results in shorter lifespan and obesity
Women in Botswana and Swaziland who lack food are more likely to sell sex or engage in other risky behaviors. Nearly one in three reported food insufficiency, which increased the likelihood of inconsistent condom use and intergenerational relationships.
A new study found that obstacles to quitting smoking vary by age. Younger smokers (under 65) reported quitting due to cigarette cost and tobacco odor, whereas older smokers (over 65) quit due to physician pressure and stress from major health problems. The study suggests that tailoring treatment plans to address each group's concerns c...
A new study reveals that only a quarter of NCAA-affiliated athletic trainers have a pulmonologist on their team, leading to inadequate asthma management guidelines and equipment availability. The presence of a pulmonologist increases adherence to national guidelines, potentially improving athlete care.
A new study published in CANCER found that despite significant increases in healthcare expenditures, survival rates for elderly patients with lung cancer remained relatively stable between 1983 and 1997. The average life-expectancy rose by less than one month, while costs increased by over $20,000 per patient.
A study by Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that people with higher education levels lose their memory faster after a dementia diagnosis. The accelerated decline in memory was observed to be 4 percent faster for each additional year of education.
The article highlights effective, low-tech, and affordable ways to improve the lives of those living on less than $1 a day. Comments from global health experts emphasize the importance of interventions like training village health workers, hunger alleviation, prevention and treatment of malaria, and empowering women.
Researchers identified genetic variations that significantly contribute to HIV/AIDS progression rates, including CCR5 and CCL3L1 genes. These findings may lead to the development of additional markers for predicting HIV disease course.