A team of WSU researchers created a more sustainable solution for winter road maintenance by using grape extract as a natural deicer. The solution melts ice faster and causes less damage to concrete and asphalt than traditional deicers.
A study published in Nature Medicine reveals a potential 'liquid health check' that uses proteins in blood to predict disease risk and improve preventative medicine. The technique, involving large-scale measurement of proteins, has shown promise for identifying health states and conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have made a breakthrough in restoring lower-body function after severe spinal injuries using tiny spinal implants. The implants use hair-like electrical wires to trigger the networks that already know how to do the hard work, and have shown remarkable consistency across the animal spectrum.
Researchers at American Friends of Tel Aviv University have developed a new treatment that triggers the self-destruction of pancreatic cancer cells. The innovative therapy has shown promising results in its early stages, providing hope for patients with pancreatic cancer.
A new study finds that face masks (CPAP machines) can improve symptoms of mild sleep apnoea, leading to increased energy levels and vitality. The research involved over 200 patients and revealed a significant improvement in those who used the CPAP machine compared to those receiving standard care.
A research team developed an algorithmic approach to automatically recognize uninformative words, known as stop words, in large collections of text. The framework uses information theory to quantify a word's certainty of being informative, producing improved accuracy and reproducibility across texts.
Researchers identified Annexin A6 as a key factor in cholesterol regulation and potential therapeutic target for diseases caused by lipid accumulation. The study shows that silencing AnxA6 can redirect cholesterol to other cell compartments, potentially treating conditions like Niemann-Pick type C1 and various cancers.
Researchers argue that academic journal rules are undervaluing the contributions of citizen scientists and indigenous knowledge. To address this issue, they suggest crediting non-professionals as group co-authors for their work on projects like online species identification apps. This approach aims to recognize their valuable contribut...
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed integrated pest management strategies to combat aquatic invasive species, such as quagga and zebra mussels, in California's waterways. The studies focus on using biological control methods, like sunfish, to target early life stages of these pests, reducing harm to people and the environment.
Researchers found parrotfish populations surge in damaged reefs, consuming microalgae and cyanobacteria that provide food for the fish. This 'feedback loop' helps coral recover as reef health improves, with parrotfish numbers declining once ecosystems stabilize.
A new study found that people with opioid addiction face a high risk of overdose after ending treatment with buprenorphine, even when treated for 18 months. The longer patients continued with treatment, the lower their risk of other adverse outcomes.
Researchers have discovered a link between prolonged enterovirus infection and the development of autoimmunity against insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells, which precedes type 1 diabetes. Early adenovirus C infection was found to confer protection from autoimmunity.
Physicists at PPPL discovered that halo currents offset eddy current forces in tokamaks, leading to unexpected changes in total vertical forces; this finding could enable designers to contain damaging forces for future fusion facilities like ITER.
A new perspective piece challenges standard economic theory by highlighting individual trajectories over time. People's behavior often deviates from classical recommendations due to a lack of understanding of unique wealth evolution.
Researchers aim to overcome obstacles in brain tumor treatment by using focused ultrasound and temperature-sensitive nanoparticles. These strategies can provide unique opportunities to improve the delivery of nanoparticles into brain tumors.
Researchers have found that Svalbard reindeer populations have recovered enough to recolonize virtually all non-glaciated areas in the archipelago. The population now numbers around 22,000, a significant increase from pre-hunting levels. Protection implemented in the 1920s has enabled the animals to thrive and expand their habitats.
A study by Lobachevsky University researchers found that Russian-speaking students took longer to read sentences with fewer fixations and shorter gaze duration compared to English-speaking students. The results suggest that eye movements are influenced by language-specific features beyond just information density.
Researchers have determined the structure of OLPVRII, a unique protein found in giant viruses. The protein forms pentamers and may act as an ion channel, shedding light on its potential role in hosting green algae during viral infection.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that a common cold virus can infect cells from human placentas, suggesting a possible link between maternal infection and fetal lung infections. Researchers suspect RSV could attack lung tissue within the fetus, potentially predisposing offspring to asthma.
A study published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology found that women who underwent weight loss surgery between pregnancies had lower risks of hypertension and preterm birth in their second pregnancy. The likelihood of adverse outcomes did not decrease to the level observed in the general population.
A new study from UNLV Medicine doctors found daily marijuana use during pregnancy may lead to low birth weight, delayed fetal growth, and increased placental vascular resistance. The researchers reviewed sonogram data from nearly 450 pregnant women who self-reported daily marijuana use.
Professor Andrea Armani's team has developed a new laser technology that uses surface Raman lasers with monolayer coatings of siloxane molecules, resulting in improved power consumption and reduced toxicity. This breakthrough has significant implications for applications in communications, diagnostics, and defense.
The Marine Biological Laboratory team has used innovative microscopy to reveal the structure of microbial communities coating microplastic samples from various ocean sites. These biofilms can influence the microplastics' fate and interact with other organisms, posing a threat to marine survival.
A pharmacy service has been shown to reduce NHS costs by £651 million while improving patient outcomes through enhanced medication adherence. The New Medicine Service, delivered by pharmacists since 2011, supports patients taking new medicines and helps them adhere to their treatment regimens.
Researchers can now visualize data from samples containing tens of millions of cells with unprecedented resolution, pinpointing previously undetectable features that distinguish diseased samples from controls. This advancement may lead to discovery of novel cell types to therapeutically target diseases.
A research team at Kanazawa University investigated the molecular mechanisms behind organic solar cell damage from sunlight. They found that UV light causes fragile molecules to degrade, leading to reduced efficiency. This study may lead to the development of more robust and efficient solar cells.
Researchers develop computational method to predict and design allosteric functions in proteins, enabling the creation of novel signaling receptors with precise functions. They successfully designed and repurposed a dopamine receptor into a serotonin biosensor, demonstrating the potential for this approach in personalized medicine.
Researchers at Lancaster University have developed a new AI diagnostic tool for breast cancer using Raman spectroscopy to identify unique chemical fingerprints of different types of breast cancers. The algorithm successfully predicted diagnostic patterns for four subtypes with high accuracy, ranging between 70% and 100%.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital used online data to track alcohol use in states with varying policies, finding clear associations between online behavior and drinking habits. The study suggests that mining online data could help monitor the effects of local alcohol control policies.
Researchers at Université de Montrêl are working on a new way to measure the mechanics of the human eye to protect astronauts from adverse impacts of space travel on their vision. The team has developed a non-invasive technology that can identify astronauts at risk of developing ocular damage before they go into space.
A new deep-learning platform, maui, analyzes multiple 'omics' datasets to identify relevant patterns and features associated with colorectal cancer. The platform was found to be more accurate and faster than other machine learning algorithms, and could potentially improve diagnosis and treatment options for patients.
A study of 16 participants found that women with endometriosis secrete higher levels of lactate than those without the condition. Exposure to dichloroacetate reduced lactate secretion and cell proliferation in human cell-culture models.
Researchers report rapid draining of a lake on the Greenland Ice Sheet, altering ice dynamics. Partial drainage events deliver large volumes of water to the bed in under 5 hours.
Researchers have unraveled the mystery of the Ubbelohde effect by identifying two isotopic effects governing water hydrogen bond formation. The findings reveal that rotational motion and quantum anharmonic coupling play crucial roles in determining bond strength and length.
Researchers have identified a combination of two drugs that can relax the walls of the ureter, reducing contractions that cause pain when passing a kidney stone. The treatment, which delivers muscle relaxants directly to the ureter, has shown promising results in reducing the frequency and length of contractions.
The University of Stirling has launched a pioneering tool to minimize environmental and occupational health risks in shrimp farming. The Pedigree project aims to bring research into practical use, providing a 'traffic-light system' to differentiate riskier from higher-quality probiotic products.
Researchers found significant changes in Antarctica's ice shelf thickness, causing ice to flow into the ocean. Thinning ice shelves result in a significant instantaneous response to ice flow and ongoing mass loss, affecting global sea levels.
Researchers found that low lymphocyte levels are associated with increased mortality from heart disease, cancer, and respiratory infections. The study suggests using pragmatic immune status indicators to identify patients at highest risk for mortality.
A new modelling strategy is required to address challenges in understanding global warming, with a focus on reducing biases through physically based models. International initiatives are needed to co-develop modelling systems that exploit emerging technologies and exascale computing.
Researchers have identified RNase T2 as a central component in the innate immune response, which activates the receptor TLR8 when recognizing foreign RNA fragments. The enzyme is highly conserved across species and plays a crucial role in the activation of the receptor.
A new study suggests that global biodiversity levels could be lower than previously thought due to the long-lasting impact of abrupt land changes. Biodiversity assessments may be underestimating species loss at sites with recent disturbances, such as deforestation or agriculture intensification.
Children as young as 4 years independently produce gestures to refer to objects and actions, and later develop signs for abstract concepts. The results suggest that young children possess the skills to learn and create languages.
A nationwide population-based study found that firearms are the most lethal method for suicide, with nearly 9 out of 10 attempts being fatal. The overall fatality rate for suicide attempts nationwide is 1 out of 12. The study suggests that prevention efforts focused on reducing access to firearms could save lives.
A new study from the University of British Columbia found that vivid images are more effective than statistical data in conveying earthquake risk. The researchers created an image showing a Vancouver elementary school after a major earthquake and found that people who saw it were more likely to sign a petition for seismic upgrades, wit...
A study by Adrien Guillot et al. found that knockout of the ALDH-2 enzyme in mice reduces excessive but not moderate alcohol seeking activity. Targeting this enzyme specifically in the liver may prevent heavy drinking without affecting moderate consumption.
A new Northwestern University study reveals that the percentage of African ancestry influences gene production, affecting disease risk and medication response. The research highlights the importance of considering individual ancestry in precision medicine and drug discovery for diverse populations.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that high androgen levels during pregnancy increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in daughters for multiple generations. The study found that altered gene expression and placenta dysfunction contribute to the transmission of PCOS symptoms.
The PALM clinical trial found that investigational drugs mAb114 and REGN-EB3 offered lower mortality rates compared to ZMapp, with mortality rates of 35% and 34%, respectively. Early diagnosis and treatment also improved survival chances.
Researchers have found that disrupting normal microbial development in the intestine can lead to severe infections in newborns. Giving specific protective bacteria before infection may prevent deadly infections, suggesting a potential treatment for premature infants.
A study at IRB Barcelona reveals how alterations in the protein degradation system play a key role in tumour development. The team identified hundreds of potential protein recognition sequences that are used by tumours to evade the degradation of onogenic proteins.
Scientists at University of California, Riverside and The University of Texas at Austin demonstrate photon up-conversion using silicon nanocrystals and organic molecules. This breakthrough brings them closer to developing photodynamic treatments for cancer and advancing new technologies for solar-energy conversion and quantum information.
A new study found that intravenous levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate are equally effective in stopping status epilepticus seizures, with each drug working about 45% of the time. The results suggest a major change in clinical practice, recommending increased dosing of commonly used levetiracetam.
A new study published in JACM found that more than half (53.1%) of US office-based physicians recommended at least one CHA to their patients, with female physicians more likely to do so. Massage therapy was the most commonly recommended CHA, followed by chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation and herbs/nonvitamin supplements.
A recent study reveals that the Golgi organelle is crucial for maintaining endosome function, contradicting conventional knowledge. The research used genetic mutations and drugs to inhibit transport processes, showing that Golgi transport is necessary for optimal endosome maintenance.
Researchers have uncovered the critical genetic components responsible for oat's natural defense against soil pathogens, including the notorious Take-all disease. The finding holds significant implications for breeding other crops with similar resistance mechanisms.
Researchers at McGill University identified a key protein that promotes resistance to chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer. Targeting this protein, perilipin4, causes nearly all resistant cells to stop growing and die, holding promise for treating more patients with chemotherapeutic resistant TNBC.
Researchers develop software that mimics human visual processes to improve color accuracy, outperforming existing methods in psychophysical tests. The new framework reduces and extends the color gamut, producing results free from artefacts and meeting the film industry's demands.
Scientists at the University of Tsukuba created an AI program called MC-SleepNet to automatically classify mouse sleep stages, achieving 96.6% accuracy and high robustness against noise in biological signals. This system can significantly assist researchers by automating data annotation, accelerating research on sleep patterns.
Researchers at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center found TBK1 and its adaptor protein contribute to tumorigenesis when activated by growth factors. Targeting TBK1 inhibits tumor growth and promotes antitumor immunity in mouse models.
Researchers at KAUST used advanced quantile regression techniques to analyze barley plant traits affecting yields in saline and nonsaline conditions. Two key traits help gain high yield under saline conditions: early flowering time and a specific ear number per plant.