A new PI-based nanocomposite film with enhanced mechanical properties and atomic oxygen resistance has been developed. The double-layer nacre-inspired structure improves the material's performance in LEO applications, making it a promising aerospace protective material.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine developed a shortened 7-item version of the SD-WISE-28 to assess wisdom. The Jeste-Thomas Wisdom Index has high validity and positive correlations with resilience, happiness, and mental well-being.
Researchers discovered that infections improve the production and function of naïve T cells, the body's first line of defense against disease. This mechanism involves interleukin 7 and MHC molecules, which signal naïve T cells to stay alive and receive optimal metabolic signals.
Researchers develop novel detection method to identify high-dimensional entanglement states, overcoming challenges faced by traditional methods. The study proposes a protocol to automatically search for optimal certification methods, enabling the creation of high-dimensional quantum information processing systems.
Researchers developed a green synthesis method for ammonia production using green tea as a reducing agent. The study found that the optimized sample showed 2.93-fold enhanced photocatalytic activity and increased NH3 selectivity, outperforming bulk g-C3N4 under simulated sunlight irradiation.
Femtosecond laser precision engineering enables micro/nano-structure creation with high resolution and dry processing. Key challenges include achieving small heat affected zones and ensuring sufficient processing speeds for industrial needs.
The nTIDE November 2021 Jobs Report reveals historic employment gains for people with disabilities, with the employment-to-population ratio increasing to 34.6% and labor force participation rate rising to 37.7%. These gains surpass pre-pandemic levels and historic highs.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that eating during the nighttime can lead to glucose intolerance due to a misalignment between central and peripheral circadian clocks. In contrast, limiting meals to the daytime maintains internal circadian alignment and prevents glucose intolerance in shift workers.
A new study published in the journal Nutrients found that probiotics can reduce nausea and vomiting during pregnancy by up to 33% and improve quality of life symptoms. The study also identified specific gut microbes associated with higher levels of nausea, suggesting potential biomarkers for future research.
A study found that Republicans who consumed and trusted Fox News less had more faith in the electoral process, while Democrats grew more confident as evidence of Biden's win accumulated. Cognitive dissonance theory explains how Fox News rationalized the outcome for Republicans, leading to decreased confidence in vote legitimacy.
A small clinical trial found that eating during the nighttime increased glucose levels, while restricting meals to the daytime prevented this effect. The study suggests that better alignment between internal and external circadian rhythms may drive these benefits.
Researchers developed a method to print skin equivalents with three layers, allowing for complex structures and faster healing. The technique uses suspended layer additive manufacturing and has shown promising results in repairing pig tissue.
The HyVIS project is a four-year European initiative that will develop bionic synapses for retinal prostheses, exploiting residual neuronal functionality to restore sensitivity to light. The approach involves plasmonic nanocannals and intelligent polymers to release neurotransmitters in response to light stimuli.
Researchers have realized a 2D intrinsic bipolar magnetic semiconductor material with room temperature ferrimagnetic ordering and electrically controllable spin polarization. The material exhibits a Curie temperature of 342 K, making it suitable for high-speed nanospintronic devices.
Researchers found improvements in verbal learning and memory and preservation of hippocampal volume in participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis after 12 weeks of supervised treadmill walking exercise. A targeted pilot randomized controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of this intervention for managing cognitive ...
A study published in BMC Medicine found that maternal hypertension genes influence infant birth weight through effects on the placenta. The researchers analyzed fetal growth data and found a significant association between maternal genetic risk score and placental weight.
Researchers found that packaging neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles is a major source of energy consumption, even when the vesicles are filled and inactive. The process, known as proton efflux, continues to consume energy due to a 'leaky' energy threshold set by evolution.
A new study found that bowel cancer patients are at high risk of clinical levels of depression, with over a third experiencing symptoms up to five years after surgery. The study identified risk factors such as pre-existing depression and anxiety, low social support, and poor health.
Studies on rabbit embryos reveal that SOX17 plays a crucial role in specifying primordial germ cells during gastrulation. The development of bilaminar discs is found to be a key determinant of PGC regulators, contributing to advances in early mammalian development.
Theorists at the University of Chicago have developed a new scheme for trapping single photons in a cavity, creating a 'wall' that prevents further photons from entering. This mechanism allows two sources to emit selected photons into a cavity before destructive interference cancels them out.
A qualitative study of seven women who underwent uterine transplantation found that they experienced a mix of emotions, including anxiety and sense of unreality. The women reported feeling like most other mothers, but also struggled with the medical supervision and feelings of uncertainty.
Prof. Tingyi Gu from the University of Delaware has received a $500,000 DARPA Young Faculty Award to improve the power efficiency of digital communications. Her research focuses on manipulating light direction to create more energy-efficient photonic systems.
The December issues of The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services feature new insights into major depression and bipolar depression treatment. Research reports include studies on the effects of ECT on all-cause mortality and suicide in older patients.
Researchers developed a single-process platform to control heteroatom bonding in graphene quantum dots, reducing fabrication time and increasing economic feasibility. The new method uses weakly alkaline precursors and computer modeling to predict chemical composition, enabling mass synthesis without post-processing or purification.
A study by HSE University economists found that LEGO sets have a significant price growth rate on the secondary market, outperforming traditional investments. The authors analyzed 2,322 sets from 1987 to 2015 and discovered prices of rare sets can increase by up to +600% annually.
Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute have developed a gene-editing method to control the sex of mouse offspring, demonstrating its potential to reduce culling in scientific research and farming. The technology shows 100% efficiency in producing single-sex litters, with minimal impact on litter size.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are developing an AI tool to analyze medical images and determine which rectal cancer patients require surgery. By using radiomics and machine learning techniques, the team hopes to identify patients who can avoid invasive surgery and opt for chemotherapy or radiation therapy instead.
Researchers develop new model using Mori-Zwanzig formalism to account for uneven matter distribution in the universe. The model predicts a deviation in cosmic expansion speed, offering an opportunity for experimental testing and resolving the enigma of dark energy.
Researchers analyzed TB and COVID-19 patients in California, finding shared sociodemographic characteristics and medical risk factors. The study highlights the importance of addressing these factors to improve health outcomes for both conditions.
A new chewing gum infused with plant-grown ACE2 protein can neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus in saliva, potentially reducing transmission risk. The gum, developed by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, was tested on saliva samples from COVID-19 patients and found to significantly reduce viral load.
A team of astrophysicists led by Boston University's Merav Opher has made a groundbreaking discovery about the heliosphere, the bubble surrounding our solar system. Their research suggests that neutral hydrogen particles play a crucial role in shaping the heliosphere's structure and stability.
A study by CIBERDEM and IBIMA found a significant association between long-term exposure to particulate matter pollution and the incidence of high blood pressure. The research, published in Scientific Reports, monitored 1103 people over 8 years, with 282 cases of incident high blood pressure recorded.
A study from the University of São Paulo found that people infected with Chikungunya may develop partial immunity to Mayaro virus. The researchers observed a significant reduction in disease severity and viral load, suggesting cross-protection through neutralizing antibodies and immune memory.
A conservation incentive mechanism has stimulated creation of protected Atlantic Rainforest areas, mainly APAs with few restrictions. However, its impact is limited by the number of units created and differing responses from states and municipalities.
A new study led by York University reveals that Western Honey Bees originated in Western Asia, with genetic data suggesting a strong connection to this region. The research highlights the importance of understanding the origin and evolution of these vital pollinators to inform their management and conservation.
The BESIII experiment has searched for new physics in the charm energy region using various methods, including rare processes and decays. So far, no signs of new physics have been found, but the results impose stringent constraints on some new physics models.
A new rapid test developed by Duke University researchers can measure patient immunity against multiple COVID-19 variants like Omicron and Delta. The CoVariant-SCAN test uses a polymer brush coating to detect neutralizing antibodies, allowing for quick and accurate assessment of antibody effectiveness.
Developed by researchers from Harbin Institute of Technology, a new robotic arm can manipulate in environments difficult for humans and adapt to changing conditions. The arm weighs only 9.23 kilograms and can exert constant force control, enabling it to maintain contact with curved surfaces in space.
A complex microbial community comprising bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes is beneficial for plant growth. Inactivation of the plant innate immune system shifts this balance, making the fungal load a primary cause of disease. Bacterial partners residing in roots provide an additional layer of protection.
A new study found that vaccinated UK healthcare workers who were previously infected with different COVID-19 variants show varying levels of protection against new variants. The results suggest that the sequence of variant exposure influences immunogenicity profiles, highlighting the need for tailored vaccine development.
A Michigan Medicine study combined genetic samples from patients of different ethnic backgrounds, identifying two new psoriasis genetic signals. The inclusion of South Asian subjects allowed researchers to pinpoint several genetic variations within HLA genes that are likely to play a causal role in psoriasis.
Researchers have expanded the number of naturally occurring CRISPR-Cas systems, giving a wealth of potential new tools for large-scale gene editing. The discovery could lead to treating complex diseases associated with multiple genes.
A new study by the Keck School of Medicine of USC finds that Medicaid expansion is associated with a significant reduction in mortality rates. The study, which tracked data from 2014-2018, found that expanding Medicaid coverage resulted in an estimated 3.8% decrease in adult deaths per year.
A new study led by Rice University engineers finds that microplastic pollution contributes to the spread of antibiotic-resistant genes. The researchers discovered that aging polystyrene breaks down into microplastics with high surface areas, trapping microbes and leaching chemicals that enhance gene transfer.
Scientists at deCODE genetics analyzed levels of 4,719 proteins in plasma from 35,559 Icelanders, finding 18,084 associations between sequence variants and protein levels. The study integrated these findings with disease and trait associations, revealing novel connections.
A local health department in Indiana used surveillance data to identify neighborhoods with high disease burden and set up test sites, resulting in a decline in new cases among targeted groups. The success of this intervention highlights the importance of using data to address systemic racism and promote health equity.
Researchers at Harvard have successfully observed quantum spin liquids, a previously unseen state of matter that has been elusive for nearly 50 years. By manipulating ultracold atoms in a programmable quantum simulator, the team was able to create and study this exotic state, which holds promise for advancing quantum technologies.
Researchers have discovered molecules that could be candidates for contraceptives or fertility enhancers using human blastoid models. These models also show promise in improving the self-organization of stem cells during IVF procedures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins APL aim to create an ideal baby monitor that filters out unwanted noises, ensuring parents don't miss infant cries. The team's open-source device uses audio processing hardware to filter out background sounds, improving the overall baby monitoring experience.
The newly discovered planet is classified as a rocky planet and has similarities to Mercury, with a mass 55% of Earth's. Its high density indicates an iron core, but the surface temperature could reach up to 1500 degrees Celsius due to its proximity to its star.
The BESIII experiment has made significant contributions to understanding the internal structure of baryons. By measuring proton and neutron form factors, the team has clarified long-standing tensions between previous experiments. The study also reveals new insights into the interactions and fundamental structure of baryons.
Researchers developed a kinetic hypothesis governing the evolution of the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) based on simulation experiments. They discovered a kinetic factor that governs the flow of chemical reactions in the TCA cycle, validating their hypothesis for deep-branching bacteria and archaea.
A new floating robotic film can hoover oil spills at sea or remove contaminants from drinking water, using a pulsing motion inspired by water striders. The film is powered by light and fueled by water, making it sustainable and reusable.
Researchers at University College London have successfully grown mini-stomach organoids, which could help study how SARS-CoV-2 affects the stomach. The study found that the virus replicates more noticeably in child and late fetal cells, leading to the death of delta cells that produce a hormone called somatostatin.
Researchers have discovered new genetic variations associated with developmental stuttering, offering new therapeutic directions to improve outcomes. The study found that stuttering is polygenic, meaning multiple genetic factors contribute to and protect against the condition.
A bioinspired hierarchical porous membrane, based on intrinsic microporosity polymers, was developed to enhance uranium extraction from seawater. The membrane achieves higher numbers of interconnected multiscale channels, improving adsorption performance.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet and the University of Helsinki reveals how integrating digital tools, classical laboratory tests, and biomolecular measurements can enable individualized disease prevention. The researchers also found significant correlations between health risks and molecular factors associated with overweight, d...
Researchers found that gut microbiome changes can reduce b-amyloid deposits in male mice, indicating a potential target for preventing and treating dementia. Daily fecal matter transplants restored the pre-antibiotic microbiome, suggesting microglia memory plays a role.
A new MIT study uses climate modeling to reconstruct global hurricane activity, finding a significant increase in North Atlantic hurricanes over the last 150 years. In contrast, global hurricane frequency remains unchanged. The study's findings suggest regional climate variations play a key role in shaping hurricane patterns.
Researchers developed a new kind of organoid that grows both heart and gut cells together, mirroring their cooperation in embryonic development. This breakthrough could improve understanding of tissue communication and inform research into congenital disorders.