Researchers have devised a new method, NeoScreen, to generate large numbers of immune cells specifically engineered to recognize neoantigens and destroy tumors. This approach significantly improves the identification of patient-specific neoantigens, holding promise for the development of personalized immunotherapies.
A clinical study concludes that fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is not designed for diagnosis in emergency and inpatient settings. FIT should only be used for validated colorectal cancer screening, not for evaluating symptoms such as rectal bleeding or abdominal pain.
A study found that stem cell therapy reduced the number of heart attacks, strokes, and deaths among people with chronic heart failure, especially those with high levels of inflammation. However, hospitalization rates did not decrease despite the treatment, according to researchers from the American Heart Association.
A study found that repairing both the mitral and tricuspid valves during mitral valve surgery can reduce the risk of severe tricuspid valve leakage in adults with moderate or less than moderate tricuspid regurgitation. This approach also showed improved outcomes, including lower mortality rates and better survival.
A study published by Sanford Burnham Prebys found unappreciated changes in brain cell types involving hundreds of thousands of never-before-seen RNAs in individuals with Down syndrome. This breakthrough provides new avenues for understanding both Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.
A new study by Harvard Business School researchers found that increased operational transparency leads to higher levels of trust and engagement with government. By providing photographs of government addressing service requests, users submitted 60% more requests than those without visual cues.
Researchers found no significant increase in bleeding when patients had bypass surgery within 2-3 days of discontinuing ticagrelor. This study challenges current guidelines and opens up the possibility for future research on early surgery to prevent recurrent heart attacks or angina.
A nationwide study found that patients who reported their symptoms weekly using a digital tool received more timely treatment, leading to improved physical function, symptom control, and quality of life. The PRO-TECT trial showed statistically significant improvements over the current standard of care.
A new study suggests that deradicalization could be achieved by bringing true believers to believe in new avenues of thought, rather than forcing them to renounce their ideas. The research found that individuals who are strongly fused with their cause are more willing to sacrifice life for it, but shifting their identity to a benevolen...
Zheng's sensor can determine effective antibiotics for treating bacterial infections in patients, providing detailed information about microbial growth faster and more sensitively than conventional approaches. The device achieves single-cell spatial resolution and 15-second temporal resolution over a centimeter-scale field of view.
A new study found that SARS-CoV2 vaccines are safe and effective in patients with thoracic cancer, with an 88% immunization rate after a third dose. The study also showed that older age, chemotherapy, and corticosteroid treatment were associated with lower immunization rates.
A high dose of purified omega-3 fatty acid did not reduce incidents of hospitalizations and deaths among people with COVID-19. The treatment was well-tolerated but showed a positive trend for benefit, although it was not statistically significant.
A recent study published in ISME Communications reveals that microbial community composition is key to forming and persisting soil organic matter (SOM), which acts as a significant carbon sink. Different microbial communities shape SOM's properties, including its ability to withstand warming temperatures.
A new gene called Tango10 has been identified as critical for daily behavioral rhythms, modulating the activity of neurons to drive the animal's sleep-wake cycle. The study suggests that targeting this molecular pathway could lead to therapeutics to address sleep problems and related human diseases.
A study led by Oliver Königsbrügge and Cihan Ay found that current anticoagulants used to prevent strokes in dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation do not provide adequate protection. The VIVALDI study highlights the need for improved stroke prevention methods in this group.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that preschool children can correctly identify emotions of caregivers wearing and not wearing face masks. The study involved 276 children who were examined for their ability to recognize emotions in caregivers with and without face masks.
Research finds that taxing sugary drinks effectively reduces consumption when prices include an added tax, while clear labeling may not deter purchases for small tax increases. This study provides guidance on how taxes should be labeled to promote healthier beverage choices.
A study found that budtenders and healthcare providers are seeking more training on interacting with pregnant and breastfeeding women about their cannabis use. Healthcare providers have a negative opinion of the effects of cannabis use, while budtenders perceive marijuana as a safer alternative to perinatal alcohol or cigarette use.
A new study found that police officers routinely experience conflict over their roles, with many characterizing it as the most stressful part of their work. The study identified two primary reasons for this incoherence: poorly aligned operational processes and incompatible public expectations.
Researchers found that people with ALS have higher levels of arachidonic acid, a lipid involved in inflammation, and that tampering with this pathway can reduce muscle-weakening symptoms. The study suggests that targeting the arachidonic acid pathway may offer potential new therapies for Lou Gehrig's disease.
A $500,000 CZI grant enables TGen's international team to create a genetic biobank for Indonesia, increasing ethnic diversity in human genomics research. The project aims to characterize healthy immune systems among urban and rural communities, providing benefits for Indonesian doctors and patients.
A village doctor-led intervention was found to be effective in reducing blood pressure levels by over half of participants within 18 months. The program, which included health coaching and home blood pressure monitoring, improved healthcare access for those with uncontrolled high blood pressure in rural China.
Researchers from NTU Singapore found significant increases in pollutant emissions at major international seaports during the COVID-19 pandemic. Emissions rose by over 100% in some ports, with container ships and dry bulk carriers experiencing the largest spikes.
New research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2021 found that daily low-dose aspirin did not affect the risk of dementia or mental decline among adults with type 2 diabetes. The study included over 15,000 participants and tracked them for nearly nine years.
A recent study discovered high levels of mercury exposure in human bones from Copper Age Iberia, dating back 5000 years. Cinnabar powder used for pigments and rituals led to severe health effects, including intoxication.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that losartan, commonly used to treat high blood pressure, did not significantly slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease in people with mild-to-moderate symptoms. However, the drug may still be beneficial for those with early-stage disease if prescribed for longer periods.
The Mountain Rain or Snow project collects observations of rain, snow, and mixed precipitation from across mountainous regions. Volunteers can submit their own reports via smartphone or computer to improve satellite monitoring and model predictions, leading to better weather forecasts, skiing conditions, and avalanche risk assessments.
Researchers have identified a series of traits linked to rice plant fitness under drought, including increased crown root density. The study found that interactions between roots and beneficial soil organisms may enhance drought tolerance by improving access to nutrients.
A recent study found that monitoring individual triggers for atrial fibrillation can lead to fewer episodes. Participants who tracked their triggers reported a significant reduction in AFib episodes, suggesting that real-time assessments can empower patients to make lifestyle changes and reduce the risk of complications.
A study published in Brain Pathology found elevated levels of tau protein in the brains of people with ALS who carry a mutation in the C9orf72 gene. The researchers also identified new genetic mutations in the tau gene and discovered that the ratio of different forms of tau protein may be an indicator of disease progression.
Osaka University researchers develop nanoantenna to enhance quantum information transfer, enabling more efficient and secure data processing. The device focuses light onto a single quantum dot, improving photon absorption by up to 9 times.
Research published in JNeurosci found that children with dyslexia take longer to gather visual evidence, indicating altered motion processing and decision-making. This slowdown corresponds to differences in brain activity, particularly in centro-parietal regions involved in decision making.
A 13-year study tracked the mental health of new doctors during their most stressful time, showing a significant reduction in depression scores over the past decade. The study suggests that reduced work hours, increased sleep, more feedback from supervisors, and greater use of mental health care contributed to this change.
Research found that cannabis exposure during pregnancy is associated with higher levels of stress hormone cortisol, anxiety, and hyperactivity in children. Maternal cannabis use also suppresses immune-activating genes, predicting higher anxiety in offspring.
A University of Utah team analyzed woodrat gut bacteria and found that evolutionary history plays the greatest role in shaping microbiome structure. Diet and geography also influenced microbiome composition, but host relatedness was the strongest predictor in both wild and captive populations.
A new study published in Diabetes Care found that older adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity are particularly vulnerable to negative mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, more than half of participants remained free of clinically significant levels of adverse mental health conditions.
Recent clinical and experimental data suggest that vascular calcification and bone loss share common pathophysiological mechanisms. The International Osteoporosis Foundation's new review elucidates the key associations between the two disorders.
A new study suggests that early aortic valve replacement surgery can be beneficial even in patients without symptoms of severe aortic stenosis. The research found that reducing the risk of death, heart attack, stroke, and heart failure by performing surgery sooner can lead to better patient outcomes.
The American Academy of Neurology has issued a guideline recommending treatment options for early Parkinson's disease, including levodopa as the best first treatment. The guideline also highlights potential side effects and risks associated with medications, such as dyskinesia and impulse-control disorders.
A large US-based analysis of electronic health records found that people taking SSRI antidepressants, particularly fluoxetine, were significantly less likely to die from COVID-19. The results add to evidence suggesting SSRIs may have beneficial effects against the worst symptoms of COVID-19.
A retrospective cohort analysis found that an algorithm-based automated text messaging system saved lives and reduced mortality rates by 68% among patients with COVID-19. The system, called COVID Watch, used text messages to monitor symptoms and escalate patients to healthcare providers for further care.
Alice K. Jacobs, a professor of medicine at Boston University School of Medicine, received the James B. Herrick Award for Outstanding Achievement in Clinical Cardiology from the American Heart Association. Her work on Mission: Lifeline has saved thousands of lives by increasing timely access to primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
The study found that applying an electrical potential can stabilize high-temperature superconducting superhydrides at much lower pressures than previously thought. This new method could lead to the creation of new materials with broad applications in consumer and industrial sectors.
The American Federation for Aging Research and Glenn Foundation for Medical Research announce three grant programs supporting biomedical research on aging. These grants provide funding for promising research projects in gerontology, focusing on fundamental biology and translational findings.
The article discusses the importance of addressing identity problems in clinical practice, which can help patients develop a stable sense of self and overcome symptoms. Psychiatrist John R. Peteet reviews four common types of identity problems, including diffusion, distortion, threatened identity, and difficulty integrating identity.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a way to amplify interferometric signals without increasing extraneous input on an integrated photonic chip. This breakthrough enables high-precision measurements in various applications, including quantum gyroscopes.
A new study found that adults and children make inferences about connections between experiences in different ways. Children create separate memories and compare them to make inferences, while adults build integrated memories with inferences already baked in. This difference may be due to differences in brain development and maturation.
A University of Pennsylvania study found that clinician peer networks significantly reduce health care inequities and disparities. The study led by Professor Damon Centola showed that clinicians who initially exhibited significant bias could change their clinical recommendations to exhibit no bias.
A new study by the American Psychological Association found that gay and bisexual men who move from high-stigma to low-stigma countries experience a significantly lower risk of depression and suicidal thoughts. The research analyzed data from over 123,000 participants across 48 countries.
Researchers used computer simulations to investigate the conversion rates of neutrons and protons in accretion disks surrounding black holes, finding that disks with masses between 0.01 to 0.1 solar masses are optimal for heavy element production. This suggests that neutron star mergers producing such disks could be the origin of a lar...
A recent study published at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2021 found that adults treated with empagliflozin during hospitalization for acute heart failure experienced increased survival, lower risk of re-hospitalization, and improved quality of life. The medication, originally used to treat type 2 diabetes, has bee...
Researchers at University of Illinois have developed an electrochemical process to recover valuable metals from spent lithium-ion battery electrodes. The method produces high-purity coatings of cobalt and nickel with approximate purities of 96.4% and 94.1%, respectively.
Researchers at NIH have discovered a therapy that targets host cells rather than bacterial cells in treating bacterial pneumonia. By boosting macrophage eating capacity using EETs inhibitors, they reduced bacteria numbers in lung tissue and improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers develop new epitaxial growth mechanism to achieve large-scale single-crystal WS2 monolayers, overcoming a crucial hurdle in replacing silicon with 2D materials. The technique enables uniform alignment of small crystals and leads to the successful growth of wafer-scale single-crystals of WS2, MoS2, WSe2, and MoSe2.
A study by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya found that teachers attribute boys' academic achievements to intelligence and girls' performance to hard work. The research aimed to establish the extent of sexist attitudes among secondary school teachers and their impact on students' career paths.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed an AI-based method to predict atrial fibrillation risk based on electrocardiogram data. The method was highly predictive, especially in subsets of individuals with prior heart failure or stroke, and could serve as a pre-screening tool for patients at risk.
Convolutional neural networks trained to identify abnormalities on upper extremity radiographs are susceptible to a ubiquitous confounding image feature: radiograph labels. Covering these labels increases accuracy, while using them alone leads to decreased performance.
Researchers found that patients enrolled in COVID Watch, an automated texting system, were 68% less likely to die than those not using it. The system used algorithmically guided text message conversations with patients and was credited with saving 1.8 lives per 1,000 patients at 30 days.
A study led by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that lifelong immunoglobulin replacement therapy reduces premature deaths by 37% but is not cost-effective due to high costs. Reducing IRT prices could make it a more affordable option.
A new study published in Global Strategy Journal finds that governance model and outsourcing location are linked, producing more accurate data points and saving time. By considering both factors together, companies can encourage a stronger return on investment and avoid biases that arise from separate analysis.