Researchers optimized a key land surface parameter to reduce the wet bias of climate models for the Tibetan Plateau. The adjustments weakened land-atmosphere interactions, leading to a 16% decrease in precipitation estimates and improved accuracy at 66% of rain gauge stations.
The American Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research strongly opposes the Executive Order allowing political appointees to review and influence federal grant funding decisions. This could compromise the integrity of the NIH peer review system, which relies on rigorous evaluation by subject-matter experts.
A new study highlights how neighborhood conditions shape the seasonal surge of virus-triggered asthma emergencies among children. Children living in under-resourced communities face sharply higher rates of asthma flare-ups tied to viral infections during the first weeks of school.
Researchers discovered that aging brains experience a leaky blood-brain barrier due to decreased levels of N-cadherin and occludin. This results in cognitive decline, starting as early as middle age. The study suggests a larger therapeutic window for treatment of age-related cognitive decline.
Researchers from FAU and the Sensing Institute created a detailed computer model of the mouse brain's vasculature, simulating how brain blood vessels respond to hemodynamics and vasodynamics. The model shows that transitional vessels play a critical role in regulating flow and protecting the brain during increased activity.
This book delves into the scientific foundations of mucosal vaccine platforms, discussing immunological mechanisms, novel adjuvants, and real-world development challenges. It serves as a valuable resource for professionals and students in life sciences, immunology, and pharmacology.
Researchers have created 'skin in a syringe' by mixing cells with gelatine beads, allowing for 3D printing of functional dermis. This technology could lead to new ways to heal burns and severe wounds with minimal scarring.
Weaver ants defy human teams' declining performance by increasing their contributions as team size grows. The study provides insights into superefficient teamwork and its potential application in designing better robot teams.
A new study from UCLA finds that the definition of Long COVID varies widely across published studies, resulting in dramatically different estimated prevalence rates. The study highlights the need for a standardized definition to advance research and improve patient care.
A new MSU study explores the perceptions of consumers regarding 'Made in USA' labels, finding that confusion exists and reality often exceeds or falls short of expectations. Researchers analyzed survey data from 131 adult respondents to better understand consumer attitudes towards domestic production and labeling.
Researchers have identified biomarkers that can predict and manage chronic kidney disease (CKD), offering a more nuanced understanding of patient disease progression and mortality risk. A combination of biomarkers, including sTNFR1 and hs-cTnT, were found to be comparable in predicting kidney failure and all-cause mortality.
A new diagnostic schema for COPD improves patient identification by incorporating CT lung imaging and respiratory symptoms. This approach identified additional individuals at risk of poor respiratory outcomes and excluded those with airflow obstruction without respiratory symptoms.
A pioneering study reveals how ocean acidification and warming can simultaneously affect the structure, mineral composition, and microbiome of bryozoans, a key group of invertebrates responsible for creating underwater habitats. The findings point to potentially serious ecological consequences under a scenario of accelerated climate ch...
Researchers at KAIST have developed an AI model named BInD, which can design and optimize drug candidate molecules tailored to a protein's structure alone. The model predicts the binding mechanism between the drug and the target protein, enabling comprehensive design in one step.
Researchers discovered a link between stomach rhythm and psychological well-being, finding stronger coordination is linked to higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. The study suggests the stomach's 'second brain' may play a crucial role in mental health diagnosis and treatment.
A ternary NiFeCo hydroxychloride-derived electrocatalyst shows improved SWO activity and stability, attributed to lattice Cl− reconstruction and in-situ Raman analysis. The material outperforms other catalysts in terms of overpotential and Tafel slope.
The US Naval Research Laboratory's VXS-1 squadron operates a fleet of aircraft to support research and technology development. The squadron accelerates the transition of new capabilities to the naval enterprise, ensuring a decisive advantage for the warfighter.
Rice University geophysicist Richard Gordon has been honored with the Geological Society of America's Woollard Award for his transformative work on global plate motions and plate boundary deformation. He is recognized for shedding light on diffuse oceanic plate boundaries, true polar wander, and standard global plate motion models.
The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf has developed a model that derives the Sun's known activity cycles from the cyclical influence of the planets' tidal forces. This synchronization automatically curbs solar activity, leading to subdued radiation eruptions and reduced geomagnetic storms.
A majority of US women (19%) believe their healthcare providers have discussed the role of nutrition in preventing breast cancer. However, fewer women are aware of specific steps they can take to lower their breast cancer risk through diet.
A new study reveals benztropine, a Parkinson's treatment, can boost the body's natural immune response to combat tuberculosis (TB) bacteria. The research found that benztropine can dramatically reduce TB bacterial counts in experiments with human and mouse immune cells.
The University of Birmingham is rolling out the REACT programme, a group-based exercise programme proven to support people with mobility limitations, to regions around England. The three-year programme aims to improve and maintain physical function and reduce health care costs in older adults.
The DFG is funding LMU scientist Anne-Laure Boulesteix's project to improve the reliability of empirical evaluations of statistical methods. The goal is to strengthen methodological research and literature by developing a metascientific approach.
Researchers discovered cancer cells can survive within bone marrow fibroblasts in response to BTK inhibitors, leading to higher survival rates. By blocking CXCR4, treatment may become more effective, potentially increasing complete response rates and moving toward a cure for cancer
A NUS-led study analyzed coral samples from the Maldives, extending the sea-level record by 60 years and revealing an acceleration of rising sea levels since 1959. The findings show that the Indian Ocean has been highly responsive to climatic changes, with significant sea level rise of 30cm since the mid-20th century.
A recent study in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior defines key skills needed to advance community-level nutrition and public health efforts. The framework addresses the unique demands of systems-level public health work, covering areas such as community capacity building, strategic planning, and partnership development.
A new study suggests that regular exercise can influence epigenetic aging and potentially reverse it, offering a promising way to extend healthspan. Physical fitness is closely associated with slower epigenetic aging, and sedentary behavior may have detrimental effects on the body's internal aging process.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a $5 million state grant to expand its nursing programs, aiming to address the critical nursing shortage in Texas. The institution plans to enhance training capacity and produce skilled nursing workforce in rural and underserved communities.
The book provides a roadmap for sustainable and ethical leadership in engineering management, focusing on ESG reporting, CSR integration, and industry-specific insights. It offers practical tools and strategies for professionals to make informed decisions that reduce ecological impact and improve resource efficiency.
BU researchers Hui Feng and Venetia Zachariou have received a $2.1 million NIH grant to fund a five-year training program in biomolecular pharmacology. The program aims to prepare the next generation of independent investigators through individualized and multidisciplinary research training.
A new study reveals that communities once labeled as 'hazardous' are significantly less likely to receive timely emergency medical services compared to those deemed 'most desirable.' The findings highlight the enduring impact of structural racism on access to critical, life-saving care.
Researchers have discovered that combining antimicrobial peptides from bees and frogs can prevent bacteria from mutating quickly, making them a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics. This finding could lead to safer disease control in livestock and agricultural settings.
A survey of scientific literature on micro- and nanoplastics in human health identifies key challenges and proposes best practices for analysis, including digestion treatments and shape considerations. The study aims to improve our understanding of plastics' impact on human bodies.
Researchers at ETSU's Gray Fossil Site have discovered the first fossil deer in North America, dating back 5 million years. The newly described fossils reveal the likely ancestor of modern white-tailed deer and highlight the incredible diversity of life that once flourished in Tennessee.
A new study reveals that autistic college students face dramatically higher rates of anxiety and depression compared to their non-autistic peers. The research highlights the need for more mental health support for this underrepresented population.
Researchers identified key mutations in the H5N1 genome that enhance its human adaptive potential. The 2.3.4.4b clade has infected multiple mammalian species and is adapting to humans, posing a concern for increased mortality risk. Surveillance measures are recommended to counter this growing risk.
A study of over 3,600 participants found that Long COVID causes significant financial and employment difficulties, lasting up to three years. Vaccination against COVID-19 was associated with improved work and financial outcomes, reducing the burden of Long COVID.
Researchers have developed a next-generation wireless ophthalmic diagnostic technology incorporating an ultrathin OLED into a contact lens. This breakthrough simplifies the conventional ophthalmic diagnostic environment, allowing patients to undergo retinal function tests while wearing the lens.
Researchers identified markers in vaginal microbiome that predict severe chlamydia infections, potentially leading to new diagnostics. The study found certain microbial species and cytokine levels correlated with increased risk of ascended chlamydial infection.
Researchers developed a neoAg mRNA-based vaccine that induces higher frequency of neoAg-specific cytotoxic T cells in mice, leading to tumor regression and eradication. The combination with anti-PD-1 therapy enhances antitumor efficacy, especially against peritoneal metastasis.
Researchers develop efficient testing procedure to quickly detect neurotoxic effects in humans, closing the gap with traditional animal experiments. Chlorophene is identified as a substance that disrupts learning and memory processes, exhibiting paradoxical excitation, a previously unknown effect.
The new book explores organoid bioengineering, using pluripotent and adult stem cells to create models for various organs. It discusses breakthroughs in personalized cancer care and large-scale production protocols supported by advanced tools like 3D printing and genome editing.
Researchers used infrared images to spot bright objects, then applied the 'dropout' technique to confirm their nature. The study could challenge current ideas about galaxy formation in the early universe if confirmed.
Catal-GPT streamlines catalyst formulation generation and optimizes data-driven industrial catalysis. The AI-powered platform achieves high accuracy in knowledge extraction from scientific literature and generates experimental protocols.
A novel experimental rig accurately reproduces human circulatory system behavior, revealing the reason for cuff-based systolic underestimation. The study proposes improved calibration methods or refinements to the cuff protocol.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have found that common blood pressure readings are inaccurate, with as many as 30% of cases of high blood pressure being missed. The team developed an experimental model to explain the physics behind these inaccuracies and identified a previously unknown factor contributing to underestimation.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has announced the 2025 class of the Pew-Stewart Scholars Program for Cancer Research, supporting five early-career scientists in innovative research projects. The recipients will explore pressing topics such as complex cancer mechanisms and new drug targets.
The University of Michigan School of Public Health has been awarded $1.8 million to strengthen the maternal and child health workforce. The Center of Excellence will tackle critical gaps in the workforce, increasing academic-practice partnerships and developing a comprehensive evaluation strategy.
Researchers found that a compound produced by Lactobacillus bacteria can reverse liver and gut damage caused by aflatoxin exposure. The molecule, 10-hydroxystearic acid, activated PPARα signaling to repair liver tissue and support gut health.
The International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) and STEMCELL Technologies have partnered to develop a free, on-demand course on the ISSCR Standards for Human Stem Cell Use in Research. The course will provide practical guidance on applying the standards to enhance rigor and reproducibility in human stem cell research worldwide.
Researchers from Jet Propulsion Laboratory and California Institute of Technology used O-PTIR to study a visually similar rock to Sapphire Canyon. The technique proved effective in differentiating between primary material and dark inclusions, with enhanced spatial resolution.
A $2 million collaboration will use genomics and targeted recombination to create drought-tolerant and disease-resistant tomatoes. This project seeks to improve global food security by leveraging cutting-edge technologies to address environmental stress and pathogens.
George Mason University Professor Kun Sun will lead a project to plan an infrastructure and dataset for research on software vulnerability detection and remediation. The project aims to reduce barriers in software vulnerability research through community engagement and collaboration.
Adults with long COVID experience worse work impairment, missed work, and financial distress compared to those without long COVID. Vaccination is associated with improved work outcomes and reduced financial distress among individuals with long COVID.
A new model suggests that inhibiting the cellular molecule CREB might relieve damage to the pancreas and thwart tumor development in response to alcohol. The study found that knocking out CREB relieved precancerous and cancerous lesions, even with continued alcohol exposure.
Math experts at Aberystwyth University are using AI to optimize kiln packing, aiming to increase production capacity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The project aims to create customised algorithms for dense packing complex-shaped objects, leading to a significant reduction in the ceramic industry's carbon footprint.
Research at Iowa State University found that higher education levels delay marriage, but also increase marital stability for those who do get married. The study suggests that education changes people's expectations and timelines, making them more likely to prioritize their career over marriage.
The Pew Charitable Trusts has awarded four-year grants to 22 early-career scientists, enabling them to uncover fundamental insights about human health and disease. The selected researchers will explore various topics, including gut bacteria's role in metabolic diseases and the development of the human brain.
A systematic review of 172 studies reveals significant gaps in global representation of adolescent mental health research. Traditional bullying is reported more frequently in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries.
Researchers evaluated over 1,500 AI algorithms for detecting breast cancers on mammography images, achieving median rates of 98.7% specificity and 27.6% sensitivity. Combining top-performing algorithms resulted in sensitivity boosts to 60.7% and 67.8%, comparable to average screening radiologists.