Researchers explore the role of atomically thin materials in single-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic water splitting, highlighting their potential for high performance and mechanistic insights. The study proposes a design framework for developing next-generation electrocatalysts with precise metal-support interactions.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new type of origami that changes its shape and properties in response to external stimuli. By introducing elastic components, they can execute precise folding patterns not previously possible. This technology has potential applications in prosthetics, antennas, and other devices.
A comprehensive review of new pollutants in China highlights knowledge gaps and strategic recommendations for pollution control. The study emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary research and collaborative efforts to address complex environmental challenges.
Former male high-level rugby players in New Zealand have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's and other dementias later in life compared to men in the general population. The study found an extra 13 cases per 1,000 people over the study period, with risks greater at higher playing levels.
Researchers detected protostellar jets and outflows using ALMA in the Milky Way's outer region, showing that star formation works similarly across diverse cosmic environments. The discovery revealed episodic ejection cycles and unique chemistry in low-metallicity regions.
This study introduces a novel method of synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon dots using microwave technology from biomass, providing a green and effective approach to metal ion detection. The research offers a clear path to more efficient and environmentally friendly metal ion sensing.
Despite the NHS roll-out of Mounjaro officially starting in June 2025, less than half of England has access to the weight-loss jab. An estimated 3.4 million people could benefit from tirzepatide, but only 18 out of 42 commissioning bodies have started prescribing it, leaving many patients without treatment.
The use of AI in the criminal justice system raises concerns about fairness and transparency. Researchers advise for clear understanding of data used and procedure by judges to use guidance from AI systems. Explainable AI systems may help, but transparency doesn't have to mean understanding computer code.
Griffith University research found Legionella prevalence stable but L. longbeachae increased in soil, posing risk to vulnerable individuals through gardening and potting soil use. The study emphasizes the importance of awareness and preventive measures to minimize exposure.
A newly developed mesoporous WO₃ film exhibits exceptional efficiency and stability for photoelectrochemical water splitting, enabling advanced tandem devices for renewable hydrogen production. The film achieved unprecedented efficiency and long-term stability, particularly in neutral pH conditions.
Researchers observed mother-infant interactions in UK and rural Ugandan communities, finding that cultural context shapes maternal soothing strategies. While UK mothers responded quickly, Ugandan infants recovered faster when soothed with tactile contact like breastfeeding.
Researchers have uncovered a new species of bettong and two new subspecies of woylie in Western Australia, revealing vital clues about the diversity of these critically endangered marsupials. The discovery has significant implications for conservation efforts, including breeding and translocation initiatives.
A study by the University of Auckland found that more than 200 processed baby foods in New Zealand feature misleading marketing and nutrition claims. Many of these claims don't stack up when examining the ingredients, with some products containing small amounts of fruit or vegetables despite featuring images of them on packaging.
A UC Berkeley professor and her team have discovered gene clusters in the oral microbiome that produce molecules helping good bacteria stick to teeth, outcompeting acid-producing cavities. The researchers plan to introduce these gene clusters into healthy bacteria to form strong biofilms, reducing cavities.
A team of researchers found a possible molecular link between air pollution and an increased risk of developing Lewy body dementia. Exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) triggered the formation of abnormal alpha-synuclein clumps in mice, similar to those found in patients with Lewy body dementia.
Research highlights a significant increase in deaths from high blood pressure-related kidney disease, with age-adjusted mortality rates rising 48% over the past 25 years. This trend is particularly concerning for Black and Hispanic individuals, who experience disproportionately higher death rates due to untreated high blood pressure.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered a unique elemental pattern in single hair strands that distinguishes people with ALS from healthy individuals. This finding suggests a simple, non-invasive hair-based test could speed up ALS diagnosis and improve patient care.
Researchers have identified two molecular targets, HER2 and CD24, as promising candidates for new nuclear diagnostics and therapeutics for endometrial cancer. These targets may help clinicians identify patients likely to respond to targeted therapies, offering new hope for those with disseminated or recurrent disease.
Scientists at Scripps Research have pinpointed dozens of human proteins that SARS-CoV-2 needs to complete its full life cycle. Two promising drug targets, perlecan and BIRC2, show potential in blocking coronaviruses at multiple stages of infection.
A new study found that only 6% of US adults with high blood pressure use salt substitutes, which can help manage blood pressure and heart health. The investigation highlights the need for healthcare professionals to raise awareness about the safe use of salt substitutes.
Researchers propose using bio-oil to sequester carbon dioxide in abandoned oil wells, offering a cost-effective alternative to direct air capture. The technology involves fast pyrolysis of biomass feedstock, producing bio-oil that can be injected into empty wells.
A study by the University of Jyväskylä analyzed 176 national anthems, finding that those from equatorial countries tend to be more energetic while those from northern regions are more melancholic. The happiest anthems originate from Western Sahara and China, while the saddest can be found in Japan and Israel.
In patients with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, aficamten showed significant improvements in exercise capacity and symptoms compared to metoprolol. The MAPLE-HCM trial found that aficamten increased peak oxygen uptake by 2.3 mL/kg/min, resulting in a better outcome than metoprolol.
Cells on the intestinal surface are replaced every few days due to pulling forces that determine which cells are weakest and need to leave. Weakened cells are removed from the intestine due to disrupted tug-of-war behavior, leading to inflammation and disease.
The updated guidelines focus on a woman's autonomy to make reproductive choices about high-risk pregnancies. They recommend personalized pregnancy-related risk assessment and thorough exploration of maternal preferences as part of the shared decision-making process. The guidance aims to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity by provid...
The University of Maryland is developing an AI-powered early warning system to help communities prepare for and respond to diarrheal disease risks exacerbated by extreme weather events. The system will provide timely, actionable information to public health agencies and local leaders using integrated weather, health, and demographic data.
The VICTORION-Difference trial found that inclisiran significantly increased the proportion of patients achieving guideline-recommended LDL-C goals at 90 days compared to placebo, with a mean percentage reduction of −59.45% in the inclisiran group.
A new study reveals that humans, dogs, and pigs share similar brain responses to vocal sounds and calls from their own species, indicating an evolutionarily ancient mammalian heritage. This discovery sheds light on the deep roots of voice perception and highlights the value of studying companion animals to better understand human biology.
A pooled analysis of two trials found vericiguat improved outcomes for patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. The medication significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular mortality, heart failure hospitalization and all-cause mortality across a broad range of patients.
The Mount Sinai Hospital has completed a six-phase redesign of its Emergency Department, featuring innovative advancements and expanded clinical space. The new ED is equipped with cutting-edge technology and tools to enhance patient care and workflow.
A study published in Nature Communications found that rising global temperatures may increase migration rates by up to a quarter among older and less educated adults, while decreasing them by as much as a third among the youngest and least educated groups. The research analyzed over 125,000 cases of cross-border migration and found tha...
Researchers from the University of Bonn have been awarded three ERC Starting Grants to pursue projects on labor market entry, wing coloration in butterflies and moths, and AI with social intelligence. The economists, biologist and computer scientist will receive €1.5 million each over five years.
Male ghost sharks have a unique forehead appendage with retractable teeth, which are likely used to grasp females during mating. Genetic and fossil evidence confirms the teeth's origin from oral teeth, demonstrating an extraordinary example of tooth development and evolution.
A study by HKUMed reveals EBV changes human genome structure in cancer cells, hijacking epigenetic systems to promote tumour growth and metastasis. Researchers identify genomic signature markers to predict metastasis likelihood and develop potential therapies targeting EBV's 'hooking' mechanism.
A new study from Aarhus University reveals microscopic pores in brain cells formed by toxic α-synuclein oligomers, which constantly open and close like tiny revolving doors. This dynamic behavior may help explain why brain cells don't die immediately, but further research is needed to replicate the findings in biological tissue.
A team developed a metal-organic framework (MOF) neuron that perceives dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in the brain. The device demonstrated synaptic plasticity, integrate-and-fire dynamics, and spike tuning, mirroring biological neurons' behavior.
Astrocytes, a type of brain cell, are sensitive to early-life stress and affect physical activity levels in mice. This study found that astrocyte morphology changes can be a marker of dysfunction and may contribute to the development of depression in humans.
The POTCAST trial found that increasing potassium levels to the high-normal range significantly reduced the risk of sustained ventricular tachycardia, ICD therapy, unplanned hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality. This benefit was observed across various subgroups, including those with ischemic heart disease and heart failure.
A recent study found that a minimalist approach to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is noninferior to the standard approach, with around 80% of patients able to be safely managed without sedation. The ACURATE neo2 valve was superior to Evolut valves in reducing pacemaker implantation and improving outcomes.
Researchers at UCSF screened hundreds of industrial dyes to identify those that stick to protein clumps in the brain, a hallmark of dementia. They found 10 sure hits that illuminated tau clumps in animal models and human samples, offering new hope for diagnosis and treatment.
The KARDIA-3 trial found a 5-mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure with zilebesiran 300 mg, but the difference was not statistically significant. The therapy has potential for informing future trials on improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
A study found that EDCs were higher during the dry season and had notable spatial variances among regions, particularly environmental estrogens disrupting endocrine systems of aquatic organisms. Researchers propose reducing EDC release through improved sewage treatment and incentivizing environmentally friendly substitutes.
The study found that humans and AI systems interact with flexible and incremental learning modes similarly to working memory and long-term memory in humans. Quicker, flexible in-context learning emerges after a certain amount of incremental learning has taken place, similar to human learning.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a new liquid electrolyte that significantly improves lithium-metal battery performance, enabling fast charging times of just 12 minutes and an 800km driving range. The breakthrough overcomes the long-standing dendrite problem, a major barrier to widespread adoption of lithium-metal batteries.
Researchers propose idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as a disease-specific treatment to test general geroprotector therapies, leveraging its high overlap with aging biology. This approach could accelerate drug development and reduce costs by targeting shared biological pathways.
A new study has identified the deeply personal reasons that suicidal adolescents give for wanting to live, with family connections being the most common reason. Young people also spoke about personal dreams, simple joys, and meaningful activities, such as getting a tattoo, as reasons to keep living.
Researchers at UAB have published a study suggesting one dose of benzathine penicillin G is as effective as the three-injection regimen at treating early syphilis. The study found that one dose is sufficient to treat patients, reducing time and inconvenience associated with multiple injections.
Vericiguat, a guanylate cyclase stimulator, did not meet its primary endpoint of reducing cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. However, it lowered the risk of cardiovascular death, which translated to fewer all-cause deaths.
A study found that extended apixaban treatment lowered VTE recurrence by 87% in high-risk patients with provoked thromboembolism. The therapy also demonstrated a low risk of major bleeding, making it an effective option for these patients.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science found that sucrose monolaurate preserves enzyme activity in sweat by forming a protective barrier. This study paves the way for more durable and reliable lactic acid sweat sensors, enabling real-time health monitoring.
Commercial broccoli seeds can carry a fungal pathogen with cross-resistance to multiple fungicides, threatening disease management. The study highlights the need for seed health testing programs to detect and mitigate fungicide resistance.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that wireless ultrasound devices can provide similar information to standard machines, enabling fast and cost-effective imaging in field-based settings. The study showed strong associations between muscle thickness and size measured by both devices.
Vanessa Boese-Schlosser has been awarded a €1.5 million ERC Starting Grant to investigate the global spread of democracy and autocracy since 1900. Her project aims to gain insights into the dynamics of regime change, with significant implications for politics and society.
The DIGIT-HF trial found that digitoxin significantly reduced the risk of composite mortality and hospitalisation for worsening heart failure among patients with advanced heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Patients who received digitoxin had a lower rate of all-cause death and hospitalisations compared to those on placebo.
A customizable SMS system produced significant 12-month walking increases for aging Latino/a adults, similar to the human advisors group. The study supports mobile health platforms as a viable option for expanding program choices for broader segments of the population.
A team from UPV and UVigo has discovered the hidden mechanisms that prevent bridges from collapsing under extreme events. They found that damaged bridges can still withstand loads greater than they normally bear, thanks to latent resistance.
Researchers Claudio Conci and Emanuele Riva at Politecnico di Milano have won two ERC Starting Grants to develop new brain stimulation technologies and diagnose inflammatory processes. The projects aim to revolutionize treatments for millions of people with tremors, neuropathic pain, and inflammation-related diseases.
Researchers discovered that glioblastoma cells differ from normal cells in how they consume certain nutrients, which can be targeted to slow tumor growth and improve treatment responses. Amino acid-restricted diets may also enhance treatment outcomes by limiting the availability of building blocks for cancer cell growth.
A German researcher is investigating Chinese fantasy fiction's role in shaping cultural identity, historical images, and visions of the future. She aims to develop a theory of Chinese fantasy as a mirror of social transformation and create a digital encyclopaedia of contemporary Chinese fantasy.
The Center for Land Surface Hazards will develop new scientific frameworks and modeling tools to forecast and mitigate cascading hazards. CLaSH also aims to broaden and grow a workforce of experts in land surface hazards and foster community engagement.