A new study from the Hebrew University explores middle-class parents in Israel who choose to live car-free due to personal values like promoting children's independence and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. These 'outlier' families offer valuable insights into reducing society's dependence on private vehicles, highlighting instrumental ...
Researchers identified a balance between two proteins, STAT3 and STAT5, as crucial for making tumors vulnerable to immune checkpoint therapy. Targeting STAT3 degradation with molecules SD-36 and SD-2301 boosted immunity and increased STAT5 signaling, effectively treating large, advanced tumors.
Researchers developed advanced quantum components using niobium nitride CCAs, which feature high kinetic inductance and are well-suited for superconducting applications. The topology of the CCAs plays a crucial role in their function, enabling new possibilities for quantum simulations and controlled model systems.
A new paper calls for a redefinition of the public health workforce, recognizing professionals outside government agencies who contribute to public health. An intersectional framework proposes two tiers: Essential Public Health Services and Foundational Public Health Services.
Researchers created a new nanoparticle that combines focused ultrasound and chemotherapy to destroy tumors more precisely and prevent recurrence. The treatment shows promising results in preclinical models, offering a potential breakthrough in cancer therapy.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute investigated epigenetic changes in marsupial embryos, finding that DNA demethylation is not universally required for early mammalian development. Instead, this process may have evolved specifically to help form the placenta.
A new special report warns of LLM cybersecurity threats in radiology, highlighting the importance of implementing security measures to prevent malicious use. The report recommends robust security measures and best practices for safe integration of LLMs into healthcare.
The 'How Equitable Is It?' tool, now updated with community feedback, evaluates scholarly communication models based on seven core assessment criteria. The new version offers clearer guidance and definitions for assessing equity in publishing arrangements.
A Phase 1 clinical trial has successfully used banked deceased donor stem cells for an allogeneic transplant, expanding transplant options for patients with aggressive blood cancers. This innovative approach aims to reduce wait times and uncertainty around donor matching and collection.
A study found that US physicians working with an incompletely staffed team experienced significantly greater odds of burnout, intention to reduce clinical work hours, and intention to leave their organization. This highlights the importance of adequate staffing for physician well-being.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that individuals with blood type A have a significantly higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those with blood type O. The research, which pooled data from over 13,000 breast cancer patients and 717,000 controls, suggests an 18% increased risk associated with blood type A.
Researchers discover that no universal purification protocol can guarantee improvements in fidelity of entangled states across all possible quantum systems. Instead, they emphasize the need for tailored error management strategies based on specific system characteristics.
Cognivue launches CARM, a novel metric predicting amyloid presence and enabling early Alzheimer's detection. The CARM score combines age with cognitive subtests to generate a four-point risk score indicating the likelihood of amyloid presence in the brain.
Researchers precisely mapped how magma storage changes as Hawaiian volcanoes age, revealing new insights into the volcanic pluming system. The study found that magma flow diminishes and shifts deeper underground as volcanoes move away from a heat-rich hotspot.
A new generative AI technique allows for the design of RNA molecules with improved functions, opening up potential for novel therapeutics and diagnostics. The SANDSTORM and GARDN systems enable the prediction and generation of RNA sequences tailored for specific tasks in cells or diagnostic assays.
In a groundbreaking study, scientists observed chimpanzees in Uganda using medicinal leaves to clean and treat their own and others' wounds. The research provides insight into the cognitive and social foundations of human healthcare behaviors, highlighting the potential for natural remedies and community care.
A new AI-driven tool can forecast acute child malnutrition in Kenya up to six months in advance with high accuracy, enabling timely interventions. The model integrates clinical data and satellite information to identify emerging risk areas, providing a game-changing solution to address public health emergency in the country.
A unique database of 3,500 global economic elite individuals from 16 countries provides insights into their demographics, education, and influence on economies. The World Elite Database sheds light on the power dynamics of the world's wealthiest individuals and those with regulatory power.
A new wearable device measures breast milk intake in real-time, providing clinical-grade monitoring of breastfed babies. The device eliminates uncertainty around milk consumption, reducing parental anxiety and improving clinical management for vulnerable babies in the NICU.
Aqueous metal ion batteries face challenges with electrodes and electrolytes, leading to degradation during scaleup. The effects of electrode materials and aqueous electrolyte chemistry are key issues.
A study by Bernauer et al. found that democratic countries offshore environmentally-damaging products more than others, leading to lower greenhouse gas emissions at home. This challenges the notion of democracies having a moral high ground in environmental protection.
A new study found that patients with lower physical function at treatment initiation receive the greatest survival benefit from daratumumab-based therapy, with a 47% reduced risk of death. In contrast, patients with high physical function show less pronounced benefits and experience increased cancer progression risks.
In a study published in PLOS, gelada monkeys demonstrated an understanding of complex vocal exchanges involving distress calls and prosocial comforting responses. The monkeys exhibited surprise when such vocal exchanges were manipulated to violate their expectations.
A study suggests that groups of artificial intelligence language models can self-organise into societies, reaching consensus on linguistic norms, and are prone to tipping points in social convention. Collective biases emerge between agents through interactions, a blind spot in most current AI safety work.
Researchers have reexamined the Ashwell-Morell receptor's functions using innovative glycoengineering techniques, clarifying its roles in sepsis and inflammation control. The study reveals that the receptor can bind to a specific type of protein glycan chain, which was previously thought to be incompatible with binding.
A recent study found that more beneficiaries were affected by insurer exits in the Part D marketplace under the IRA, which increased plan sponsor financial liability. The redesigned Part D marketplaces may lead to limited coverage options and less competitiveness.
Researchers have engineered a bio-ink that can promote coral larvae settlement and restore coral reefs. The ink, dubbed SNAP-X, slowly releases chemical cues into seawater, attracting coral larvae and encouraging them to settle on the reef. Testing showed that larvae were 20 times more likely to settle on substrates sprayed with SNAP-X.
Researchers have identified early changes in the cheek skin barrier of infants that can predict the onset of eczema, or atopic dermatitis. The study found that these changes occur even before any clinical symptoms appear, and may be linked to maternal and environmental influences.
The dLab fully automates processes from material synthesis to analysis, enabling researchers to synthesize thin-film samples and measure their properties autonomously. This system demonstrates advanced automatic and autonomous material synthesis for data- and robot-driven materials science.
A landmark study has established a new benchmark in modeling black hole collisions and gravitational waves. The research provides unprecedented precision in calculations crucial to understanding gravitational waves, revealing Calabi-Yau three-fold periods within the radiated energy and recoil.
Scientists have discovered three compounds that can lessen peppers' pungency, which could lead to customized spicy flavor profiles or pain management agents.
Korea University's College of Medicine has been selected for 24 basic research projects, receiving a total of 17.3 billion won in research funds. Eleven professors will conduct research in six project fields.
A UC San Francisco-led study found that delivering medicine for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) via the amniotic fluid was safe and helped prevent damage to nerve cells. The therapy used molecules called antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), which can alter gene expression, and was tested in mice and sheep with promising results.
Researchers propose Input-Driven Plasticity model, which integrates past and new information to guide memory retrieval. The model is robust to noise and uses it as a means to filter out less stable memories.
A study analyzing 2,750 Barbie dolls found that the percentage of dolls with tip-toe posture decreased over time, while employed versions were more likely to have flat feet. Fashion-focused dolls were more likely to have tip-toe posture. The study suggests changing workforce roles and laws may reflect in Barbie's foot posture.
Researchers from Yokohama National University have developed a method to fabricate complex oriented tissues with multiple directionality using 3D printing. This technique utilizes flow to orient collagen fibers and cells, allowing for the creation of fine, micro-oriented structures in both horizontal and vertical directions.
The AAN has issued an Evidence in Focus article on delandistrogene moxeparvovec, a gene therapy approved by the FDA for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The therapy may slow motor function decline but its long-term effectiveness and safety are still uncertain.
A recent study found that mildly elevated eye pressure can distort blood vessels and lead to oxygen deficit in the eye. Researchers used 3D modeling and fluorescent dye to investigate how ocular hypertension affects the eye, revealing a potential new method for diagnosing glaucoma earlier.
Researchers have identified the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as the basis of emotional inference in animals and humans. In a study published in Nature, Xiaowei Gu and Joshua Johansen found that rats can learn inferred emotions by associating a neutral stimulus with an unpleasant experience.
Astronomers have identified nearly 600 edge-on binary star systems using Gaia DR3 catalogue data, which could facilitate the discovery of new planets and compare planet formation across stars in the same system. The study suggests that certain orientations of twin star systems provide critical information about planet formation.
Scientists discovered that taurine drives leukemia growth by promoting glycolysis and is produced by normal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment. Researchers identified taurine transporter expression as essential for leukemia cell growth, leading to potential new therapeutic targets.
Researchers analyzed data from a wearable device to find that women's physical activity levels are less variable and more predictable than men's. The study also found no significant difference in physical activity levels between individuals with and without menstrual cycles.
Scientists have developed a sugar-coated nanotherapy that effectively traps misfolded proteins, neutralizing their toxic effects on neurons. The treatment significantly boosts the survival of lab-grown human neurons under stress from disease-causing proteins.
A flexible signal within TAF2 helps connect gene expression to RNA processing by guiding the protein to nuclear speckles. This mechanism enables targeted localisation and alternative splicing, modulating how information is processed at the RNA level.
Limited effectiveness and high prevalence of adverse events are the key limitations of semaglutide. Plant-based dietary interventions have led to long-term, significant weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors.
Researchers identified a dual learning system in the brain that enables habits to form and provides a scientific basis for breaking bad habits. The study suggests that replacing an action consistently can lead to the APE system forming a new habit, offering a potential strategy for overcoming addictions.
A Korean research team has developed a high-performance polyester-amide polymer that decomposes by over 92% in one year under real marine conditions while maintaining strength and flexibility comparable to nylon. This material is applicable to various uses, including textiles, fishing nets, and food packaging.
Ryan Cooke and Max Pettini determined the D/H ratio to an accuracy of one percent, correlating it to the density of regular matter in the universe. Their measurement is in excellent agreement with a separate method, validating Big Bang Nucleosynthesis as a tool for precision cosmology.
Researchers at Dartmouth College propose a new theory on the origin of dark matter, suggesting it could have formed from high-energy massless particles that rapidly condensed into cold, heavy particles. The theory can be tested using existing observational data, including the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.
A team of researchers investigated the immune response to the yellow fever vaccine, discovering that specific cell types respond to interferons and a key molecule SIGLEC-1 becomes prominent after vaccination, associated with rapid antibody formation.
Most native European temperate forest plants prefer high-light conditions, challenging the traditional closed-forest model. This suggests that dense forests only became widespread after humans eliminated large herbivores.
Researchers propose a novel in-situ chlorination post-treatment method to renovate defects and reconstruct phase structure, enhancing optoelectronic performance. Deep-blue LEDs achieved an external quantum efficiency of 6.17%, demonstrating faster carrier transport and increased operational stability.
A new study by York University suggests that the broad ethnic categories used in clinical settings may mask differences in sub-ethnic groups. The findings indicate that socio-economic factors play a significant role in weight loss disparities among Black, Middle Eastern, Latin, and South Asian communities.
A new thermodynamic theory explains the underlying laws of electrolyte design, guiding the development of advanced multifunctional electrolytes. The theory balances energy competition and entropy to determine dissolution and solvation structures, improving battery performance and lifespan.
Sorek's work expanded understanding of how bacteria protect themselves from viruses, identifying dozens of previously unknown viral defense systems. His discoveries led to a better understanding of the human immune system and identified promising candidates for antiviral therapies.
Developers of educational tools focus on technical challenges, while educators are concerned with broader impacts, such as inhibiting critical thinking skills and exacerbating systemic inequality. Researchers recommend designer-centered approach to facilitate development of educator-centered edtech.
Researchers identified two distinct epigenetic profiles in Burkitt Lymphoma, one associated with a favorable clinical course and the other with early relapse and shorter survival. This discovery has implications for treatment strategies and may lead to personalized medicine approaches.
Researchers found four types of aircraft engine exhaust particles, including soot, volatile particles, and onion-like structures. The onion-like particles are composed of organic compounds and have unique internal structures that may affect their volatility and interaction with the human respiratory tract.
Researchers found that MRI scans can detect heart inflammation, scarring, and impaired function in carriers of a mutated LMNA gene. This information can help clinicians predict which patients are at higher risk and inform decisions about treatments such as defibrillators or transplants.
A new species of ancient tree frog, Litoria tylerantiqua, has been discovered in Australia, challenging previous estimates of when Australian and South American tree frogs separated. The fossil record indicates that the separation occurred approximately 22 million years ago, rather than 33 million years ago as previously thought.