A UBC-led research team has confirmed the existence of the universe's oldest and farthest planet, a gas giant formed 13 billion years ago. The ancient world takes a century to complete each orbit and is unlikely to support life due to its metal-poor composition.
The ESO team has provided conclusive evidence linking cosmological gamma-ray bursts to hypernova explosions, suggesting a direct connection between the two events. The study uses unprecedented spectral data from the VLT KUEYEN telescope to determine the distance of the burst as approximately 2,650 million light-years.
Recent RHESSI detection suggests gamma-ray bursts originate from highly structured magnetic fields, stronger than neutron star surfaces. This finding implies a dramatic shift in understanding the physics behind these explosive events.
A new 3D map of local space reveals the Sun at the center of an irregular cavity, surrounded by a dense wall of gas. The map suggests that interlocking cavities and tunnels were created by supernovas or strong stellar winds.
The XMM-Newton satellite has discovered a faint X-ray glow from a very hot gas in the disk of the Andromeda Galaxy, suggesting recent star formation. Additionally, the team detected an accreting X-ray pulsar, a strongly magnetized neutron star drawing in material from its neighbor.
Scientists discovered a tiny dwarf galaxy in intergalactic space that was previously overlooked. The galaxy is believed to have formed elements through supernova explosions, enriching the gas cloud. This finding suggests that tiny galaxies may have played a significant role in the chemical evolution of the universe.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University discovered two new instances of Type Ia supernovae, providing valuable insights into the early evolution of the universe. The identified stars are believed to be around 4.7 and 7.6 billion light years from Earth, offering a better understanding of cosmic distances.
The gamma ray burst, discovered by the ROTSE (Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment) collaboration, has an intensity 100 times greater than previously observed. Its proximity to Earth allows for detailed study of its decaying light.
Researchers discovered pulsar bursts coming from beachball-sized structures in the Crab Nebula, a cloud of debris from a supernova. The structure's small size is inconsistent with all but one proposed theory for generating radio emission.
The University of California, Berkeley's robotic telescope has captured the earliest image of a gamma-ray burst's optical afterglow, offering unprecedented data for theorists to study. The data provides key constraints for physical models of gamma-ray bursts and will help astronomers better understand these enigmatic events.
The Nearby Supernova Factory has achieved its best rookie year due to the high-speed link provided by the High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network (HPWREN). This allows for rapid image processing and analysis, leading to a higher number of discovered supernovae. The project's success demonstrates the benefits of partner...
Researchers conclude dark energy is the dominant form of energy in the universe, contradicting observations of distant supernovae. The accelerating expansion of the universe can be explained by the presence of negative pressure in a vacuum, supporting the existence of dark energy.
The Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer satellite will study the bubble of hot gas between nearby stars, helping scientists understand local galaxy regions and supernova origins. With its high resolution, CHIPSat will measure individual lines to determine physical conditions in the hot gas.
Astronomers uncover a star with extremely low element abundance, providing a unique window into the Milky Way's early stages. The discovery challenges current theories and offers hope for finding 'unpolluted' Big Bang material.
Researchers tracked a star's orbit around a suspected black hole in the Milky Way, revealing its massive gravitational pull. The observation provides key evidence for the existence of a supermassive black hole at the galaxy's center.
Perlmutter's discovery of the universe's accelerating expansion using supernovae as standard candles revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos. His work, done through the Supernova Cosmology Project, has far-reaching implications for our knowledge of the fundamental nature of the universe.
Researchers at the University of Durham are using the H.E.S.S. telescope array to investigate extreme cosmic environments and detect gamma-ray sources, including supernova remnants and active galactic nuclei. The project seeks to shed light on the origin of cosmic rays, which bombard Earth from space.
Researchers observed supernova remnants in two neighboring galaxies, providing new insight into gas shocked by blast waves and material structure between stars. The findings expand our understanding of a star's long-term evolution and how elements are redistributed into interstellar space.
Lawrence Livermore physicist Bruce Remington explores using lab astrophysics to recreate supernovae explosions, understand cosmic rays, and study black holes. Lab experiments also aim to probe planet interiors and gamma-ray bursts.
Astronomers have detected X-ray radiation from the Milky Way’s center for over two decades, but the origin remained a mystery due to poor resolution. The new image reveals individual X-ray sources and hot gas, leading scientists to conclude that most high-energy radiation comes from white dwarf stars, neutron stars, and black holes.
A new theory suggests that an ancient supernova explosion may have devastated the Earth's ocean ecosystem, causing widespread extinction of plankton and marine organisms. The discovery was made by linking data from paleontology, geology, and astronomy fields.
The TIGER experiment is making a groundbreaking second loop around the South Pole to study the origin of cosmic rays. By examining abundance ratios of neighboring elements, scientists aim to determine whether atoms were accelerated individually or as dust grains, and gain insights into supernovas.
Electrons accelerated by supernova shock waves can achieve speeds approaching light speed, according to a new study. The research uses computer simulations to investigate the behavior of electrons in magnetic fields and oscillating electric fields, suggesting a novel method for producing high-energy charged particles.
Researchers using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory have discovered a probable pulsar at the center of a 1,600-year-old supernova. The finding provides evidence for an associated pulsar and allows for detailed study of the supernova remnant. This discovery helps connect pulsars with massive stars from which they formed.
A team of Belgian and French astronomers have discovered three distant stars with extremely high Lead abundances, exceeding other elements heavier than Iron. This finding aligns with current stellar models predicting the buildup of heavy elements in stellar interiors.
Researchers will model and study supernovae to discover how they occur and the complex physical processes involved. They aim to understand challenging issues in theoretical and computational physics, advancing national security interests.
Researchers study presolar diamond grains found in meteorites and simulate implantation of ions to test mechanism. The results reveal a bimodal release of noble gases with different temperatures, suggesting at least two events involved in the introduction of xenon.
Researchers discover a new form of matter, called BEC, which can collapse and explode when cooled to near absolute zero. The new phenomenon, dubbed a Bosenova, involves the sudden transition from repulsive to attractive interactions between atoms.
Scientists using Chandra X-ray Observatory discovered a supernova remnant in the center of our galaxy, which may help regulate a nearby supermassive black hole. The remnant is believed to be responsible for intense feeding of material into the black hole, followed by a period of starvation.
Scientists confirm pulsar formed in 386 AD supernova, a historic event witnessed by Chinese astronomers. The discovery, using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, provides strong evidence for the pulsar's age and sheds new light on the behavior of young neutron stars.
Researchers using Chandra X-ray Observatory associate a pulsar with a historic supernova, dated back to 386 AD, providing strong evidence for the young age of the pulsar. The discovery challenges conventional wisdom on pulsars and their formation.
Researchers create method to determine subatomic particle mass based on speed of material streaming from a supernova, which could improve nuclear reaction understanding and dark matter detection. The technique hinges on the formation of black holes in about half of observed supernovas, allowing for precise timing of neutrino arrival.
Researchers found evidence that supernovae explosions can leave behind iron-rich gas clouds that feed gamma-ray bursts. The 'supranova' model suggests that the gamma-ray burst arises from the delayed collapse of a neutron star formed by the supernova explosion.
Dr. Oliver Manuel proposes that the sun and planets formed from debris of a massive supernova explosion, contradicting conventional astrophysics theories. Recent data from NASA's Galileo probe supports his claims by detecting traces of strange xenon gases in Jupiter's atmosphere.
Researchers using the VLA radio telescope found a pulsar that is at least 40,000 years old and may be as old as 170,000 years. This discovery challenges current understanding of neutron stars and their ages.
Researchers propose two theories to explain the origin of neutron star kicks: the 'mass rocket,' which suggests a mass ejection asymmetry, and the 'neutrino rocket,' which relies on the intense magnetic field surrounding the newly formed neutron star. These theories aim to explain the observed high speeds of pulsars and the asymmetrica...
New Chandra X-ray Observatory images reveal a luminous spike from a giant black hole, a compact nebular resembling a cosmic crossbow, and a hot bubble of gas surrounding a dying star. These observations contradict theoretical predictions, indicating the presence of high-energy particles beyond expectations.
The Chandra X-ray Observatory has imaged the full impact of Supernova 1987A for the first time, revealing a shock wave smashing into the outer parts of a ring at 4,500 km/s. The gas behind the shock wave has a temperature of ten million degrees Celsius.
The discovery sheds light on the formation and death of stars, revealing intricate structures such as neutron stars, black holes, and X-ray binary systems. The image provides valuable insights into the distribution of heavy atoms throughout the universe, offering a glimpse into the early history of the cosmos.
Astronomers have discovered an expanding oxygen and neon ring in the remnants of a massive star explosion, providing unprecedented insights into the creation and dispersal of heavy elements. The findings suggest that these elements are necessary for life on Earth and could provide clues to the nature of supernovae.
A team of astronomers has used Chandra to map the distribution of silicon, sulfur, and iron in Cassiopeia A, a supernova remnant. The findings provide insights into how elements are produced in stars and their subsequent release into space.
Scientists used NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to capture a rare glimpse of X-radiation from the early phases of a supernova. The observations revealed that the supernova shed a relatively small amount of matter before it exploded, compared to other supernovae.
Researchers suggest that a rare radioactive isotope found in deep-sea sediments may be evidence of a nearby supernova. The explosion could have caused a 'cosmic-ray winter' leading to mini-extinctions about 5 million years ago, with effects still detectable today.
A powerful numerical simulation reveals that gravitational waves from merging neutron stars can be detected by highly specialized detectors. The simulation, which included relativistic radiation reactions, showed tidal arms forming during the merger, significantly altering the dynamics and energy of the event.
A new Hubble image captures the entire stellar life cycle in a single photograph, showcasing various stages of star formation and evolution. The galaxy NGC 3603 is home to multiple starburst clusters, young massive stars, and a blue supergiant nearing its supernova fate.
Researchers use 'Cosmic Triangle' to plot evidence for accelerated universe expansion and high mass density of dark energy. The findings rule out models with low or negative mass density, pointing towards a flat universe dominated by dark energy.
Astronomers have detected the first observational evidence for hypernova remnants in galaxy M101. The two remnants, MF83 and NGC5471B, are among the largest known supernova remnants and have X-ray luminosities about an order of magnitude brighter than brightest supernovae.
A new chemical sequence has been uncovered, casting doubt on long-held equilibrium theory and clearing the way for kinetic chemistry. The finding breaks the strong bond between carbon and oxygen atoms under intense radioactivity conditions.
A team of astronomers has found convincing evidence for a key tenet of the three-phase model of the interstellar medium. The study of a supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud reveals the features of evaporating gas and shocked cloudlets, supporting the theory.
Researchers found a direct correlation between the pattern of X-ray emission and the size of supernova remnants. Larger remnants exhibit brighter X-ray emission from their centers, suggesting changes in gas distribution as they age.
Researchers have produced a new radio image revealing a supernova remnant and numerous pulsar candidates, showcasing the Milky Way's central region in unprecedented detail. The technique will be useful for astronomers to study the galaxy's major components.
Astrophysicist James Annis suggests that cataclysmic gamma-ray bursts could be sterilizing galaxies, preventing extraterrestrial life from reaching Earth. This theory may provide an explanation for the Fermi Paradox, with intelligent life having recently emerged in the Galaxy and being unable to explore yet.
Astronomers have discovered a large number of slow X-ray pulsars in supernova remnants, which are believed to be neutron stars with huge magnetic fields. These so-called magnetars rotate much slower than expected and are invisible to radio probes.
University of Michigan astronomers have detected the cool infrared signature of dust grains and silicates within superheated gas in the center of ancient elliptical galaxies. The discovery could represent the first direct observation of how mass lost by aging stars evolves in a hot, exotic environment.
NSF-supported astronomers discovered that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, driven by a yet unknown force. Circadian rhythms research also made significant progress, with discoveries on genes regulating molecular cycles in fruit flies and cyanobacteria.
The research team observed and recorded the relativistic motion of free electrons in electromagnetic fields, which confirms several predictions based on Einstein's theory of relativity. The discovery challenges a fundamental assumption about the Thomson cross section, a physical constant used in physics theories.
Physicists and astronomers observe distant supernovae to determine the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate, implying a mysterious property of space first proposed by Albert Einstein. The discovery was made possible by a unique collaboration between researchers using supercomputer facilities and powerful telescopes.
Researchers found supernovas are fainter than expected, suggesting the universe has expanded more slowly in the past and is now accelerating. This discovery supports the Cosmological Constant theory, which had been dismissed by Albert Einstein, and has significant implications for our understanding of the universe's behavior.
The ROSAT Guest Observer Programme was terminated after eight years of successful operations due to irreversible damage to the High Resolution Imager (HRI) caused by an accident on September 20, 1998. The final observation campaign is planned for December, with a focus on observing important astrophysical objects.
A team of scientists has discovered a young and previously unknown supernova remnant located just 700 light years away from the Vela supernova remnant. The remnant is exceptionally close to Earth, with an age of at most 1500 years, making it the nearest supernova remnant to have occurred during recent human history.