A study found that parents are more likely to support laws requiring HPV vaccination for school entry if their state offers opt-out provisions. However, the study's lead author warned that such opt-out provisions may weaken the vaccine requirements' effectiveness.
Patients with relapsed or resistant AML experienced responses to venetoclax, a selective BCL-2 inhibitor, with complete remissions in some. The study's results support the mechanism of action of venetoclax and offer potential as a predictive biomarker for BH3 mimetics.
A new study has identified gene expression profiles in renal cell carcinoma patients that are less likely to respond to the immunotherapy nivolumab. The study found that tumors with higher levels of metabolism-related genes were more likely to resist treatment and did not benefit from nivolumab, which targets PD-L1 protein.
A retrospective clinical study found that patients with melanoma who received both ipilimumab and local peripheral treatments had significantly prolonged overall survival compared to those who received only ipilimumab. The median overall survival for these patients was 93 weeks, compared to 42 weeks for those receiving only ipilimumab.
A study found that weight loss through diet and exercise lowers angiogenesis-related protein levels in postmenopausal women. After 12 months, women in the diet arm and diet+exercise arm had significantly lower levels of these proteins compared to those in the control arm, suggesting a potential link between weight loss and reduced canc...
The study projects that by 2040, there will be 26.1 million cancer survivors in the US, with 73% aged 65 or older. Increasing age increases the chance of comorbid conditions, and gaps exist between men and women in older age groups.
Women with a history of severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia have an increased risk of developing anal, vulvar, and vaginal cancer, according to a recent study. The study found that women with CIN3 were 4.2 times more likely to develop anal cancer, four times more likely to develop vulvar cancer, and 17 times more likely to develo...
Consistent reductions in cancer incidence and mortality were observed with adherence to cancer prevention guidelines. These guideline adherence showed a significant reduction of 10-45% in all cancer incidence and 14-61% in all cancer mortality. The review also found consistent reductions in breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancers.
Research suggests that patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent pre-surgical chemotherapy showed altered immune cells in their tumors, indicating a potential increase in effectiveness of immunotherapy after treatment. This study found evidence of activation of certain T cells and reduction of immune suppressive cells in pati...
A new fluorescent agent and imaging system guided surgeons in real-time to remove additional ovarian tumors that were not visible without fluorescence or could not be felt during surgery. This improved visualization allowed for the detection of an additional 29% of malignant lesions.
A study using whole-exome sequencing has identified genomic alterations in both colorectal adenomas and at-risk mucosa, shedding light on the evolution of normal mucosa to precancer. The research provides a catalog of genomic changes preceding colorectal cancer development in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.
A phase I clinical trial showed that abemaciclib achieved durable clinical activity in patients with breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, glioblastoma, and melanoma. Radiographic responses were observed for some patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and NSCLC.
A study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that consuming high amounts of saturated fat or low amounts of mono- and polyunsaturated fats during adolescence is associated with higher breast density in young adulthood. This increased risk of breast cancer was observed after adjusting for multiple variables.
A large study found a significant association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and an increased risk of mortality from various cancers, including breast and lung cancer. The study suggests that reducing air pollution could have a substantial impact on cancer deaths in urban populations.
Men and women in Appalachia continue to have higher cancer incidence rates compared with those in the rest of the United States. Lifestyle changes and improved healthcare are helping narrow the gap between Appalachian and non-Appalachian populations.
Adolescent girls living in high-poverty communities and majority Hispanic communities were more likely to have received the HPV vaccine. The poverty level of the community was also an important factor, with higher rates found in areas with lower socioeconomic status.
A study found that postmenopausal women with periodontal disease were more likely to develop breast cancer than those without the condition. The risk was particularly high among women who had quit smoking recently, suggesting a potential link between bacterial exposure and breast cancer risk.
Improved screening and detection efforts have reduced cancer incidence and mortality rates in several common types of cancer in high-income countries. However, many low-and middle-income countries have seen a rise in cancer rates due to factors such as lifestyle changes and inadequate screening or prevention measures.
A study of postmenopausal women with DCIS found that anastrozole and tamoxifen caused different symptom profiles. Hot flashes were more common in the tamoxifen group, while musculoskeletal complaints and vaginal problems were more prevalent in those receiving anastrozole.
Researchers found similar outcomes for disease recurrence between women taking anastrozole and those taking tamoxifen, but noted significant differences in side effects. Women on anastrozole had fewer endometrial and ovarian cancers, while those on tamoxifen experienced more major thromboembolic events.
The T-DM1 trial showed that the treatment increased median overall survival for heavily pretreated HER2-positive breast cancer patients by 22.7 months compared to treatment of physician's choice. The study also found reduced incidence of grade 3 or higher adverse events among those assigned T-DM1.
A recent study has found that mastectomy and reconstruction have higher complication rates and costs compared to lumpectomy and radiation. For younger women with private insurance, the risk of complications from mast+recon was two times higher than lump+WBI after adjusting for other differences in patients and treatment.
A population-based study of 37,207 patients found that those who received breast-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy had improved overall survival after 10 years compared to those who received mastectomy without radiation. BCT was also associated with fewer regional recurrences and distant metastases.
A recent study suggests that elevated levels of the enzyme APOBEC3B drive tamoxifen resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Higher APOBEC3B levels were associated with shorter progression-free survival times.
Researchers found that D538G and Y537S mutations in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene are common in ER-positive breast cancer patients, associated with poorer outcomes and reduced response to everolimus treatment. The study suggests that these mutations may predict different responses to therapies.
Adding carboplatin to presurgery chemotherapy significantly improved disease-free survival rates for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The study found that patients with pathologic complete responses had the lowest risk of relapse, supporting the use of carboplatin as a standard part of neoadjuvant therapy regimens.
A phase III trial found that capecitabine improved disease-free survival for women with HER2-negative breast cancer that was not eliminated by presurgery chemotherapy. The study showed a 30% reduced risk of disease recurrence compared to standard therapy.
The ABCSG-18 clinical trial found that adding denosumab to adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy improved disease-free survival in postmenopausal patients with HR+ breast cancer. After a median follow-up of four years, patients assigned denosumab had an 18 percent reduced risk of disease recurring compared with those assigned placebo.
Patients with stage 2 or 3 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR) after presurgery chemotherapy had significantly improved event-free and overall survival compared to those with more than minimal residual invasive disease. This benefit was observed in patients with larger tumors or lymph ...
A phase III trial found that women with luminal A subtype of breast cancer had comparable 10-year disease-free survival rates regardless of whether or not they received adjuvant chemotherapy. In contrast, patients with non-luminal A subtypes who received chemotherapy were 50% less likely to have their disease recur in 10 years.
Women with a history of false-positive mammogram results may be at increased risk of developing breast cancer for up to 10 years after the initial false-positive result. A new study found that women who received a false-positive result had a 39% higher risk of subsequent breast cancer compared to those with true-negative results.
A novel immunotherapeutic approach, personalized peptide vaccination, showed significant improvement in overall survival for patients with advanced bladder cancer. The study found a median overall survival of almost twice as long as that for patients without the treatment, at 7.9 months versus 4.1 months.
A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that U.S. adults who used only smokeless tobacco products had higher levels of biomarkers for nicotine and cancer-causing toxins. This increased exposure puts smokeless tobacco users at risk for adverse health effects, including cancer.
A study by CDC found that poorer communities bear the greatest economic burden due to colorectal cancer deaths. The researchers estimated $4.2 billion in productivity gains if eliminateable deaths are avoided.
Early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients receive varying levels of curative-intent surgery across US states, with disparities seen by race and socioeconomic factors. The study found that Massachusetts had the highest rates of curative surgery, while Wyoming had the lowest rate at 25%.
African-American women with a healthier diet, based on the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), were 34% less likely to be diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The study found that higher vegetable intake and lower intake of empty calories contributed to the reduced risk.
A new breast cancer risk-prediction model for Hispanic women has been developed using data from the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study. The model incorporates factors such as age at first full-term pregnancy, age at first menstrual period, history of benign breast disease, and family history of breast cancer to estimate risk.
A phase I clinical trial found that pevonedistat, a small-molecule inhibitor of the NEDD8-activating enzyme, was safe and tolerable in heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma. The therapeutic showed modest activity in these patients, with three achieving partial responses and 30 experiencing stable disease.
Dr. Electra Paskett receives AACR Distinguished Lecture on Cancer Health Disparities for her decades-long contributions to reducing cancer health disparities among underserved populations. Her work has led to critically important improvements in cancer screening and care, earning her international recognition as a leader in the field.
A team of top researchers will focus on reprogramming pancreatic tumor biology using cutting-edge technology and developing new SE-targeted drugs. The goal is to dial up sensitivity to chemotherapy and push tumors into lasting remission.
Researchers identified CD19 splicing alterations as a cause of resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in pediatric patients. The study found that alternative splicing led to the production of a modified version of the CD19 protein, which was functional but could not be recognized by the immune system.
A study found that many pediatricians and primary care physicians report communicating about HPV vaccination in ways that discourage parents from getting their children vaccinated. The researchers recommend improving communication practices, such as recommending HPV vaccination for all 11- to 12-year-olds and suggesting same-day vaccin...
A study found that a specific gene signature called MG5 can divide intermediate-risk rhabdomyosarcoma patients into two separate risk groups. Those with high MG5 scores had poorer survival outcomes and were seven times more likely to die of the disease.
African-American women are more likely to develop aggressive breast cancer subtypes and receive substandard care compared to non-Hispanic white women. Minority women also experience disparities in treatment across all breast cancer stages, with significant differences in diagnosis timing and treatment approaches.
KW-0761 efficiently eliminates Tregs from the blood of patients with lung or esophageal cancer, potentially augmenting the natural anticancer immune response. The study found a modest induction of antitumor immune responses and no marked clinical responses in patients treated with KW-0761 monotherapy.
A new pan-Canadian Dream Team, led by Tak W. Mak and Samuel Aparicio, will research novel approaches to treating aggressive breast cancers. The team aims to develop new therapies targeting genetic instability in tumor cells.
Researchers suggest that combining epigenetic therapies with immunotherapies could restore cell-surface molecules that help the immune system eliminate cancer cells. Epigenetic drugs can also lower or eliminate immune cells that facilitate tumor growth.
Researchers developed a new system to fine-tune the affinity of CAR T cells, enabling them to selectively target cancer cells. The newly engineered cells showed more potent reactivity against tumor cells expressing high levels of specific proteins.
Researchers engineered CAR T cells to preferentially target cancer cells expressing high amounts of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), while sparing normal cells. The modified cells were selectively activated only in response to cancer cells, demonstrating improved safety and efficacy in treating solid tumors.
Women who participated in exercise as adolescents had a reduced risk of death from cancer and all causes in their middle and older ages. Exercise participation was also associated with lower mortality risks for cardiovascular disease. The study found that women who engaged in team sports or regular exercise during adolescence had a 14-...