Making vinyl records even groovier
Researchers are investigating various vinyl formulations to enhance sound quality in classic vinyl records. Early studies suggest that materials such as wax cylinders are surprisingly stable when handled properly.
American Chemical Society
Loofah-based material could give lithium batteries a boost
Researchers developed a 'blocking' layer of porous carbon from loofah sponges to stabilize cathodes and improve lithium-sulfur, selenium, and iodine batteries. The new material helped prevent cathode dissolution over 500 to 5,000 cycles.
Pharmaceuticals in streams may come from multiple sources
A recent study reveals that pharmaceuticals in surface water can originate from various sources beyond just treated wastewater. Researchers found metformin, nicotine, and other compounds in streams across the Southeastern US, suggesting urban run-off and groundwater movement may also contribute to their presence.
Lignin from plants boosts the effectiveness of sunscreen
Researchers found that organosolv lignin enhances sun protection factor (SPF) in sunscreens, with one percent increasing SPF from 15 to 30 and 10 percent reaching almost 92.
Cancer researchers take on an old foe
Researchers are cautiously optimistic that technological progress will help gain a better understanding of KRas. The protein's complex structure and limited binding sites have been major challenges in developing effective treatments.
DNA 'scrunching' could be new target for antiviral drugs
Researchers propose that DNA shape changes can produce strong forces, a new target for antiviral drugs. The 'scrunched' DNA mechanism could help block viral replication by invading viral shells.
Seaweed could potentially help fight food allergies
Scientists have found that a type of commercial red algae may help counteract food allergies in mice. The researchers isolated polysaccharides from the seaweed and fed them to mice with a severe shellfish allergy, resulting in reduced allergy symptoms.
What happens to hydraulic fracturing wastewater on cropland
Simulated testing reveals that hydraulic fracturing additives degrade over time, but some persist in soil and may affect crops. Researchers emphasize the need for further testing to understand spills' environmental impacts.
Ensuring the future affordability of wind turbines, computers and electric cars
Researchers have discovered a new way to create nanoparticles that can replace some rare-earth elements, ensuring the continued supply of critical materials. The approach uses a mixed iron-cobalt oleate complex and shows strong magnetic properties and energy-storing capabilities.
Monitoring sun exposure with a portable paper sensor
Researchers developed a portable, disposable sunburn sensor made from safe and benign materials that can be easily calibrated for different skin tones and sunscreen levels.
Harnessing solar and wind energy in one device could power the 'Internet of Things'
Researchers developed a single device that harnesses both solar and wind energy to generate electrical output. The hybrid system delivers up to 34 milliWatts of power, enough to turn on LEDs and power temperature-humidity sensors in smart cities.
Investigating how 'chemo brain' develops in cancer patients
Research on carboplatin therapy in rats suggests that chemotherapy can affect dopamine and serotonin levels, leading to cognitive issues. The study provides new insights into the development of chemo brain, a condition affecting up to one-third of chemotherapy patients.
Ensuring artisanal Parmigiano Reggiano cheese is the real deal
Researchers analyzed over 300 samples of Parmigiano Reggiano and Grana Padano cheeses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. They found that PDO-labeled parmesan contained unique cyclopropane fatty acids, while adulterated products showed different fatty acid profiles.
3-D-bioprinted placenta could lead to new treatments for preeclampsia
Scientists have bioprinted a 3-D model of placenta tissue that mimics the organ's complex structure, which could lead to better understanding and treatment options for preeclampsia. The 3D model includes trophoblasts, epidermal growth factor, and other key components, showing improved cell migration towards the growth factor.
Antidote to opioid drug overdoses could become more accessible
A highly effective antidote to opioid overdoses, naloxone, is becoming more accessible to patients and bystanders. New intranasal spray and autoinjector devices have been developed to address issues with getting the drug to those in need.
Making organs transparent to improve nanomedicine (video)
Scientists created a way to make tissues and organs clearer by linking molecules together, leaving lipids that cause opacity intact. This breakthrough allows tracking of nanoparticles at depths of over 1 millimeter, enabling better understanding of interactions with tumors and organs.
How to make a faster ski
Researchers found that skis with wide grooves and narrow plateaus perform faster on warm snow, while narrower grooves and wider plateaus excel on cold snow. The study could lead to improvements in ski surface preparation.
Tent camping could lead to flame retardant exposure
A study found that flame retardants used in tent manufacturing are released into the air within tents, potentially exposing campers to toxic compounds. The levels of these compounds can vary depending on the brand of tent, but may still pose a health risk to adults and children.
Searching for signs of disease in spit
Researchers have discovered unique molecular signatures, known as saliva fingerprints, which may be used to detect diseases in a non-invasive and stress-free manner. These signatures are distinct from those found in urine samples and remain relatively stable despite dietary variations.
The art -- and science -- behind treasured Japanese porcelain
Researchers have created a simple process for producing high-quality red paints in traditional Japanese-style ceramics like akae. By mixing hematite, frit powder, and a solvent three times with a mortar and pestle, artisans can now easily replicate the distinctive color of these prized ceramics.
Cellphone-sized device quickly detects the Ebola virus
A handheld instrument has been developed to detect the Ebola virus quickly and efficiently, allowing for faster treatment and real-time monitoring of viral loads. The device can process four samples simultaneously and produces results in under 37 minutes, significantly reducing the testing time required by conventional methods.
Toward dissolvable electronics for implants and sensors
Scientists created a dissolvable device component using egg proteins, magnesium, and tungsten, outperforming non-degradable memristors. The components worked reliably for over three months under dry conditions but dissolved in hours in water.
A molecular switch to better understand signaling
Researchers developed a genetically encoded chemical 'block' that can be removed from kinases, enabling the investigation of their activity in both lab dishes and whole animals. This breakthrough allows for a better understanding of kinase roles in disease processes.
Creating a reduced-fat chocolate that melts in your mouth
Researchers found that adding limonene accelerates cocoa butter crystallization at lower temperatures but inhibits it at higher temperatures. The study suggests using carefully chosen limonene concentrations and processing temperatures to achieve a smoother, more luxurious reduced-fat chocolate.
Making biodiesel with used cooking oil and a microwave
Researchers develop a new method to convert waste cooking oil into biodiesel, reducing production costs and increasing efficiency. The process involves heating the oil with catalyst-coated beads in a microwave oven, resulting in a nearly 100% conversion rate.
A better understanding of bananas could help prevent blindness
Researchers have gained a better understanding of how bananas produce and store carotenoids, which are converted into vitamin A in the liver. The findings could lead to the development of banana varieties with enhanced health benefits to combat vitamin A deficiency., which causes blindness in millions of children worldwide.
Toward a resistance-proof antiviral that can treat many diseases
Researchers develop a broad-spectrum antiviral by targeting both viral surfaces and human cells, potentially avoiding drug resistance. The new approach, using a modified polymer, shows promise in lab testing and animal models without toxic effects.
What Flint's water crisis could mean for the rest of the nation
Aging lead pipes pose health risks across the US, with federal funding called for to address concerns sparked by the Flint water crisis. Scientists recommend replacing deteriorating infrastructure to prevent lead leaching into drinking water supplies.
Recyclable, sugar-derived foam -- a renewable alternative to traditional polyurethanes?
Scientists have developed a chemically recyclable foam made from a sugar-derived material, which can be used as a renewable alternative to traditional polyurethanes. The new foam, called poly(β-methyl-δ-valerolactone), has been shown to be comparable in performance to commercial polyurethane foams.
Robots could get 'touchy' with self-powered smart skin
Scientists developed a simpler and less costly smart skin that boosts sensitivity without increasing costs, enabling robots to feel and sense their environment. The skin harnesses mechanical energy and turns it into an electric current, eliminating the need for external power sources.
So long lithium, hello bacteria batteries?
Scientists have created a rechargeable battery driven by bacteria, addressing safety issues and high costs associated with conventional lithium-ion batteries. The microbial battery successfully stored energy for 16 hours and discharged it over the next 8 hours, mimicking day-night patterns typical of solar energy production.
Understanding the scent of death
Researchers compare odor of human remains with dead animals to identify signature smells. They hope an artificial nose can help rescuers find bodies and aid law enforcement search for homicide victims.
Tuning perovskite solar-cell absorbers by giving them a squeeze
Researchers found that compression changes bandgaps, allowing scientists to tailor absorbed light wavelength and increase voltage. Pressure also significantly increases electronic conductivity of perovskites.
Paper-based test could help prevent food poisoning
A new paper-based test can detect foodborne pathogens within 15 minutes, making it a game-changer in large-scale food manufacturing. The test uses controlled pore size to handle complex analysis, providing simple results that don't require special training.
How bioceramics could help fight gum disease
Scientists are exploring the potential of bioceramic silicon nitride to treat severe gum disease, which can lead to tooth loss and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke. The material's surface has been shown to degrade bacteria responsible for periodontitis, offering a promising therapeutic aid.
Mind-altering drugs could treat mental disorders
Researchers are investigating psychedelic compounds as potential treatments for mental health issues such as posttraumatic stress disorder, addiction, and depression. Early studies have shown promising results, including significant relief from patients who experienced long-term symptoms of PTSD.
Transparent wood could one day help brighten homes and buildings
Scientists have developed transparent wood that can be used in building materials, potentially saving homeowners money on artificial lighting costs. The material, which is stronger than Plexiglass, still traps some light and may boost the efficiency of solar cells.
Using glucose monitors to detect other diseases
Scientists have repurposed portable glucose monitors to detect diseases using enzymes and liposomes. The method accurately detects thrombin levels, corresponding to restricted blood flow or heart disease. This approach could be used to detect other disease-associated proteins.
New material could make aircraft deicers a thing of the past
Scientists have developed a liquid-like substance called self-lubricating organogels (SLUGs) that can make wings and surfaces so slippery that ice cannot adhere. The SLUGs technology has potential applications beyond aircraft, including antifouling coatings in packaging, paints, and more.
3-D printing could one day help fix damaged cartilage in knees, noses and ears (video)
Researchers have successfully printed living cartilage tissue using 3D bioprinting and human cells, paving the way for precision implants to heal damaged joints, noses and ears. The technology uses a bioink containing human cells and polysaccharides from algae or wood, allowing for precise architecture and cell production.
Generating electricity with tomato waste
Researchers developed a microbial electrochemical cell that harnesses tomato waste to generate electric current. The process also helps purify the tomato-contaminated solid waste and associated wastewater. With an expected scale-up, the electrical output could be increased by several orders of magnitude.
Cellular 'backpacks' could treat disease while minimizing side effects
Scientists have created cellular backpacks that can be loaded with therapeutic compounds and unloaded, targeting specific disease locations. These backpacks use immune cells as carriers, minimizing the impact on healthy cells and potentially treating a range of diseases including cancer and Parkinson's.
Eggshell nanoparticles could lead to expanded use of bioplastic in packaging materials
Researchers have discovered a way to create biodegradable packaging materials by infusing eggshell nanoparticles into a blend of polybutyrate adipate terephthalate and polylactic acid. The addition increases the material's flexibility, making it suitable for retail applications such as grocery bags and food containers.
Insect wings inspire antibacterial surfaces for corneal transplants, other medical devices
Scientists have replicated insect-inspired antibacterial nanopillars on synthetic polymers, developing a potential solution to prevent bacterial infections in medical devices. The technology is being explored for use in artificial corneas and other medical implants.
New technique could more accurately measure cannabinoid dosage in marijuana munchies
Researchers have developed a new method to precisely measure cannabis compounds in gummy bears, chocolates, and other foods made with marijuana. This technique could help ensure product safety in the rapidly expanding cannabis retail market.
How a pill could improve breast cancer diagnoses
Researchers have developed a pill that can selectively target cancer cells, providing clearer images and reducing the risk of false positives. The oral agent uses near-infrared light to bind to tumors, allowing for more accurate diagnoses and potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Artificial 'nose' sniffs out pollution to protect Disney art on international tour
Scientists created a super-sensitive sensor to monitor pollutant levels in artworks, helping preserve Disney art on tour. The new technology detects low concentrations of pollutants that damage artwork, allowing conservators to replace sorbents more effectively.
Spongy material helps repair the spine (video)
Researchers have developed biodegradable polymer grafts that can be placed in damaged vertebrae to grow and fix the spinal column. These grafts are designed to expand in size after implantation, providing a less invasive approach than current surgical methods.
DNA 'origami' could help build faster, cheaper computer chips
Researchers are exploring DNA origami to create nanoscale structures for electronics, potentially leading to smaller, faster, and cheaper computer chips. The technique involves forming specific shapes in DNA to create three-dimensional structures that can be used as a scaffold for other materials.
Tying lipstick smears from crime scenes to specific brands (video)
Scientists have developed an improved method for lifting and analyzing lipstick samples, using gas chromatography to compare crime scene lipsticks to a database of known brands. This breakthrough could help law enforcement identify suspects more efficiently.