A study by Case Western Reserve University has found that Bisphenol A (BPA) in plastic bottles can cause abnormal pregnancies in mice. The researchers discovered that even extremely low doses of BPA produced detectable effects, highlighting the potential risks to human reproduction.
Researchers found payment rates for emergency department charges decreased from 60% to 53% between 1996 and 1998. The privately insured group experienced the largest decline, with payments dropping from 75% to 63% of charges.
A team of researchers has identified a gene, Pet-1, crucial for serotonin neuron development, which is associated with abnormal anxiety and aggression in mice. The discovery provides a valuable animal model for understanding the causes of mood disorders and developing new treatments.
A study of 7,300 people found that intermittent lack of insurance coverage resulted in lower use of clinical preventive services. This decrease was particularly pronounced for women who underwent fewer pap tests and mammograms, as well as men who received less prostate cancer screening.
Researchers from Case Western Reserve University found a dramatic reduction in mosquito transmission, new infections, and severe disease manifestations with four annual mass treatments. The study provides essential guidelines for controlling the infectious disease and points to the ultimate eradication of filariasis on a global level.
A CWRU anthropologist has discovered a distinct pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia among the Ambaras people in Ethiopia, who have normal sea-level hemoglobin and oxygen saturations. This finding suggests that there are three patterns of adaptation to high-altitude living among indigenous populations.
Case Western Reserve University's ANSMET team will conduct six-week Antarctic expedition to recover rare Martian meteorites, expanding planetary science research capabilities.
CWRU researchers find that polysilicon's fatigue strength is strongly influenced by the ratio of compression to tension stresses, with microcracks originating on the surface. The study uses on-chip test structures to subject specimens to over a billion cycles, shedding light on this critical aspect of MEMS device reliability.
A study in southern India found that selling a kidney led to a decline in economic and health status for the seller, with only 14% experiencing no negative effects. The findings contradict arguments in favor of financial incentives, suggesting they may deter organ donations instead.
A study found that different social settings impact adolescent mental health, social behavior, and academic performance. Family quality has a strong joint effect with friend quality, while school and neighborhood quality are also linked.
CWRU scientists discover that applying magnesium to calcium-activated potassium channels reduces blood pressure by causing blood vessels to dilate. This research may help explain why magnesium supplements are effective in managing hypertension.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are developing an innovative drug delivery device using liposomes to target damaged areas of arteries in cardiovascular disease. The device aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered kinks in the aggrecan protein, a submolecular root of arthritis. The study shows that these kinks may be more susceptible to enzymes that degrade cartilage in osteoarthritis, providing a link between structure and function.
Researchers at CWRU have developed a new cancer treatment using dual-release kinetics, which could potentially allow for more effective and safest local drug therapy. The device is designed to work in synergy with image-guided thermal ablation and aims to reduce exposure of normal tissues to drugs while increasing the dosage to the tum...
A CWRU study of 1,000 retirees aged 75+ found that regular exercise and not smoking significantly correlated with increased lifespan. Exercise was also shown to improve physical function and mental health, such as reduced depression and increased exuberance for life.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have created genetically altered mosquitoes that prevent the passage of malaria from one individual to the next. The mosquitoes were engineered to produce a protein that interferes with the development of the parasite in the mosquito, reducing transmission by about 80%.
A study published by Case Western Reserve University found that prenatal cocaine exposure affects child cognitive development, but not motor development. Tobacco exposure had negative effects on motor development in infants. The study controlled for various factors and used standardized assessments to determine developmental outcomes.
Researchers identified three barriers to adequate dialysis: inadequate prescriptions, catheter use, and shortened treatment time. Interventions addressed these barriers, resulting in higher quality treatment and improved patient outcomes. The study aims to re-examine the federal reimbursement system to encourage high-quality care.
Changes in agricultural practices have led to improved water conditions on Lake Erie, with phosphorus levels from fertilizers decreasing by over 50% for all seasons. Climate change also played a role, increasing nitrogen levels by up to 500% due to winter runoff and soil leaching.
A team of researchers at Case Western Reserve University is developing computer simulated models to predict the performance of new implant designs before they are implanted into patients. They aim to uncover how damage occurs in plastic used in total joint replacements and identify potential design concerns.
A new study found that the secretory path's activity is closely tied to the nucleus' structure and functions, with disruptions impacting gene expression and cellular growth. This research may hold key to developing molecular therapies for these genetic diseases.
Case Western Reserve University has received a $2.2 million grant from the Charles B. Wang Foundation to establish the Center for Computational Genomics. The center will tackle cutting-edge problems in genomics and bioinformatics, focusing on genomic analysis and disease prevention.
A five-year research project investigates the quality of life of older adult long-term cancer survivors, revealing that while cancer can affect their identity and relationships, it does not fundamentally change who they are. Many survivors report positive family dynamics and hope for the future after treatment.
Case Western Reserve University has been awarded a $750,000 grant from the Ohio Eminent Scholars Program to support high-energy density fuel cell research. The university will also establish the Case Institute for Fuel Cells, where the appointed professor will lead technology development and education.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered how Mycobacterium tuberculosis evades detection by the human immune system. The TB bacterium inhibits MHC-II molecules in macrophages to prevent recognition and eliminate it from detection.
A new study from Case Western Reserve University finds that prior knowledge of the donation process, how a family is asked, and demographics play important roles in the decision to donate. Families with prior discussion about their relatives' wishes were more likely to donate.
A study by Jean Twenge found that young adults are experiencing high levels of anxiety due to social problems and isolation. The research suggests that trait anxiety can lead to increased mortality rates from conditions such as asthma and coronary heart disease.
Case Western Reserve University senior Niuniu Ji has been awarded the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship to pursue two-year honors studies in economics and management at Oxford University. The scholarship, established by British philanthropist Cecil Rhodes in 1902, recognizes high academic achievement and potential for leadership.
The university will support its new Clinical Research Scholars Program, which aims to improve patient care quality through translational research. The program will teach physicians and researchers essential skills in biostatistics, clinical epidemiology, and study design.
The program aims to encourage public housing residents to adopt healthier lifestyles and use available health services. A successful pilot study revealed that 25% of participants had high blood pressure, 65% were smokers, and over 50% were overweight.
A new study found that physicians' lobbying efforts in Congress primarily focus on Medicare reimbursement, managed care reform, and biomedical research funding. Public health issues like access to care for the uninsured, tobacco control, abortion rights, and violence prevention are rarely discussed.
Researchers aim to develop new techniques to selectively stimulate thalamic neurons and improve therapeutic efficacy of deep brain stimulation. The team will use computer-based neural models to describe stimulation phenomena and validate them in the clinic.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a technique to simulate various gravitational environments using a magnetic levitation method. This allows them to study the behavior of liquids and solids in conditions ranging from Earth's gravity to zero-G environments, providing new insights into fluid dynamics.
A study of over 9,000 youngsters found that children and adolescents who threaten violence are significantly more likely to behave violently than those who do not make threats. Students who frequently threaten others are at particularly high risk for violence.
Researchers have identified three candidate regions on chromosomes 5q, 7q, and 19q that may contain genes influencing prostate cancer aggressiveness. These regions are associated with a higher Gleason score, indicating poor differentiation of tumor cells and increased risk of metastasis.
The Ohio Board of Regents has awarded a $321,780 grant to Case Western Reserve University's School of Medicine to enhance neurogenetics research. The medical school plans to recruit a new faculty member with expertise in neural molecular genetics and establish a neural transgenic/behavioral testing core facility.
A new study suggests that bupropion hydrochloride sustained-release tablets may be an effective treatment for HSDD in females, with significant increases in episodes of sexual arousal and interest. Researchers reported encouraging results, with nearly 40% of participants showing improvement in their sexual desire.
A study by Case Western Reserve University found that people with higher levels of non-occupational activities were less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease later in life. Intellectual and physical activities, such as playing musical instruments or exercising, may help ward off the disease.
A team of researchers has discovered a novel molecular structure that determines male or female physical characteristics in fruit flies. The findings have implications for humans as similar genes have been found in the human genome.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University found a natural ceramic structure in the Queen conch shell that can be mimicked to create load-bearing, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant ceramics. The shell's unique microarchitecture allows it to distribute loads effectively, making it strong and fracture resistant.
Researchers at CWRU's Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing are studying the effects of a new intervention program on cardiac patients' exercise habits. The CHANGE program uses small-group counseling and behavior modification techniques to help patients maintain long-term, positive exercise habits.
Matthew Warman, an assistant professor of genetics and pediatrics at CWRU, has been selected as a Hughes assistant investigator by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He will receive funding for his research on rare and common human genetic diseases, aiming to improve human health.
Case Western Reserve University researchers have developed a prototype of a miniature fuel cell with a volume of five cubic millimeters. The new cell uses hydrogen as a fuel and is produced using high-tech micro-fabrication techniques, enabling low-cost production.
A study found that 54 out of 57 bottled waters had fluoride levels below the recommended range, while all Cleveland tap water samples met or exceeded the optimal level. Bottled water also contained higher bacteria counts than tap water, with some samples having over 4,900 colonies per milliliter.
The Tuberculosis Research Unit at CWRU will work with seven basic science sites and three clinical sites to evaluate new drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic tests. The unit aims to alleviate the burden of TB, which affects 1.7 billion people worldwide.
Case Western Reserve University has received a five-year, $10 million grant from the NIH to continue AIDS research that began 13 years ago. The grant enables area residents to participate in studies offering free HIV testing and newly developed drugs for treatment.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University will use the grant to identify a genetic link in colon cancer development and screen more families with high risk. The study aims to uncover common genetic mutations that make individuals vulnerable to adenomatous polyps.
The medical school will recruit four researchers in structural biology, including Michael Weiss, to study molecular processes leading to disease. The HHMI grant aims to enhance the medical school's research enterprise and develop scientific breakthroughs.
Lawrence Krauss, a prominent astrophysicist, has won the AAAS Public Understanding of Science and Technology Award for his efforts to improve communication between scientists and the public. His work aims to promote scientific literacy and critical thinking, particularly in addressing creationism in public schools.
A team of researchers has identified a genetic link on mouse Chromosome 19 that controls inherited susceptibility to testicular cancer. The discovery uses a new genetic technique called chromosome substitution, which may lead to improved understanding and treatment options for the disease.