Researchers propose a spatiotemporal hemodynamic monitoring technique using skin-like microfiber Bragg grating group for real-time monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral resistance, and vascular elasticity. The device can detect subtle physiological signals and presents the dynamics of the systemic cardiovascular system.
Researchers propose a new approach to reconfigurable diffractive neural networks using metasurfaces, enabling flexible AI computing for various tasks. The proposed pluggable diffractive neural networks demonstrate high classification accuracy and efficiency, with potential applications in real-time object detection and intelligent opti...
A new GaN-based LED achieves high-rate Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Visible Light Communication (VLC) system with a three-dimensional quantum well structure. The system can support up to eight independent channels for WDM and achieves a total transmission rate of 31.38Gb/s.
Advances in cardiac imaging enable a multifaceted cardiac evaluation, reducing cost and procedural adverse events while maintaining accuracy. This new approach allows for personalized and high-value care, reserving invasive procedures for cases requiring intervention.
This review examines current evidence for frontline therapeutics in managing COVID-19, highlighting promising antiviral agents and adjunctive therapies. Updates on COVID-19 immunotherapy and vaccine development are also provided, offering insights into the evolving treatment landscape.
Current vector control strategies are ineffective, increasing the disease burden of arboviruses. Wolbachia-based biocontrol is a promising alternative to prevent mosquito-borne diseases like dengue in Bangladesh and other developing countries.
A new approach improves quality factors and robustness of symmetry-protected BICs, achieving high-quality factor resonances with enhanced light-matter interactions. The hybrid BIC lattice offers a simple and generalized method to achieve high-quality factor metasurfaces.
Researchers at Nottingham Trent University developed a thin film capable of covering all NIR frequency bands using nonlinear metasurfaces. The technology generates new colors via third harmonic generation, opening up possibilities for high-tech imaging and sensing applications.
Researchers developed an ultrafast laser processing technology based on non-contact microspheres, realizing <50 nm functional nano-patternings on phase change materials. The method achieves a good balance between working distance and feature size, overcoming the optical diffraction limit.
A new technique called speckle structured illumination endoscopy (SSIE) achieves super resolution in images acquired during endoscopy with a wide field of view and large depth of field. SSIE outperforms existing high-resolution endoscopic systems, which typically have limited field of view and depth of field.
A new publication demonstrates the use of laser direct writing to create flexible humidity sensors based on Ga2O3 and liquid metal. The sensors show a highly stable performance with rapid response and recover time, making them suitable for healthcare monitoring applications.
The study introduces the Lucy–Richardson–Rosen algorithm, which improves incoherent imaging by integrating nonlinear reconstruction with a well-known method. This enables high-quality 3D object information recovery with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
The perovskite electrochemical cell features a simple monolayered architecture, utilizing silicon substrate and single-walled carbon nanotube film top contact. It exhibits high luminance and photodetector sensitivity, making it a viable alternative to conventional LEDs.
Researchers have developed a method to create Nb2C/MoS2 heterostructures with improved optical properties, showcasing strong nonlinear optical absorption characteristics. The study demonstrates the potential of MXenes in optoelectronics, particularly in broadband optoelectronic devices and optical modulators.
Researchers developed a new integral imaging-based tabletop light field 3D display with a large viewing angle of 68.7°, enabling users to view correct 3D images from large oblique positions. The display's compound lens array balances depth of field and 3D spatial resolution, resulting in superior imaging quality.
This special issue explores the reality of identifying the dead in Brazil through various perspectives, including personal identification initiatives, forensic data management, and case reports. The articles shed light on best practices for procedures related to evidence chain of custody in forensic anthropology in Brazil.
The authors propose a new concept for MDM spectroscopy and demonstrate the first integrated mode-division demultiplexing spectrometer. The spectrometer combines mode demultiplexing and spectral detection by dispersion of structure and photocurrent measurement, achieving high spectral resolution.
The current monkeypox outbreak has drawn comparisons to smallpox due to its similarities in epidemiology, pathology, and clinical features. The authors review the virology, transmission, and prevention strategies for the virus, considering whether it poses a risk of another global pandemic.
A lightweight 'non-local' generic face reconstruction model using the Speckle-Transformer (SpT) Unet is implemented for highly accurate and energy-efficient processing of speckle reconstructions. The network achieves strong comparative performance with existing methods, exceeding 0.989 in Pearson correlation coefficient.
The invention of Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) in 1985 revolutionized ultrafast laser science. OPCPA, developed by Dubietis et al. in 1992, combined the advantages of CPA with optical parametric amplification, offering high gain and low thermal load. Today, table-top OPCPA systems have reached maturity, producing multi-gigawatt to ...
The developed high-performance disposable photodetectors can accurately monitor exposure to UV radiation and prevent skin cancer. The devices are also conformal, enabling integration over non-planar surfaces for wearable dosimetry and environmental monitoring applications.
The journal Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications (CVIA) has published its final issue of Volume 6, featuring several important papers by leading cardiologists from China, the United States, and Turkey. The issue includes an In Memoriam paper in tribute to Dr. C.R. Conti, a Founding Editor of the journal.
A retrospective cohort study in Hunan Province, China, investigated the effectiveness of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against the Delta variant. The study found that complete primary immunization protected against SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection, with higher infection risk among vaccinated household contacts.
Researchers propose a temporo-spatial pharmacometabolomics method based on ambient mass spectrometry imaging to evaluate the microregional effect of olanzapine on brain tissue, demonstrating its effectiveness in characterizing pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The method accurately illustrates levels dynamics and microregional dis...
Researchers discovered a small molecule Gαq/11 protein inhibitor, GQ262, that effectively combats uveal melanoma by targeting Gαq/11 directly. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated its ability to induce apoptosis and disrupt downstream effectors.
Researchers found that Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides increase serotonin production in the gut microbiota, alleviating depression. The study revealed a significant anti-depressant effect through promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the gut microbiota.
Researchers achieved a breakthrough in generating terahertz waves with a conversion efficiency of 0.35% using a dual-color femtosecond laser filamentation technique. The study investigated the influence of ambient gas species on THz generation efficiency and demonstrated improved performance in argon gas.
A graphene photodetector with a double slot structure exhibits high responsivity of 603.92 mA/W and large bandwidth of 78 GHz, addressing the limitations of graphene's low optical absorption. The novel design promotes graphene absorption while minimizing metallic absorption, providing a competitive solution for photodetection on silicon.
Intrinsically-stretchable optoelectronic devices can endure mechanical deformations without additional structural engineering. The devices have potential for remote diagnosis, ubiquitous healthcare, and continuous monitoring of personal biometric information.
A graphene/silicon hybrid photodetector is developed using a novel double slot structure, exhibiting improved performance. The device achieves a response time of 7.2 ms and a refresh rate of 60 Hz, suitable for real-time holographic displays.
Researchers have made significant progress in perovskite-transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructures, offering tunable optical and electronic properties. These materials show great potential for high-performance optoelectronic devices, including photodetectors and solar cells.
The article reviews the physics and progress of THz generation from laser-induced plasmas, highlighting three scenarios in air, liquid, and solid configurations. Strong terahertz generation via plasma is discussed with challenges and future perspectives.
Researchers propose a dual bound states in the continuum scheme to boost SHG efficiency from TMDs monolayers, amplifying the signal by four orders of magnitude and up to seven orders with patterning.
Researchers developed a new spatial light modulation strategy incorporating dual epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) effects in a semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor nano-capacitor. This design enables broadband electro-optic modulation by manipulating permittivity crossover wavelengths via external voltage biasing.
Researchers developed a one-step ball milling method to enhance h-BN's solubility and create freestanding thin films. Femtosecond laser processing introduces oxidation, increasing the material's third-order nonlinear optical properties. This enables precise control and operation of light at micro/nano scales for various applications.
The article discusses the principle of inkjet printing technique and its application on micro-display for AR/VR, highlighting the advantages of super inkjet printing technology. It also explores the non-radiation energy transfer mechanism and color conversion efficiency in color conversion layer for micro-LED displays.
Femtosecond laser processing has been shown to produce regular and deep nanostructures with improved efficiency compared to long-pulse lasers. The research group developed a new pulse-shaping system to enhance periodic deposition of laser energy, reduce residual heat, and avoid debris on the ablation spots.
Researchers have developed photonic synapses using large-area, uniform multilayer MoS2 films that integrate sensing-memory-preprocessing capabilities. These devices exhibit ultralow power consumption of about 40 aJ and can simulate short-term synaptic plasticity, long-term synaptic plasticity, and other synaptic properties.
Researchers showcase nonlinear control of structured light, enabling novel applications in imaging, microscopy and quantum communications. New forms of structured light can be produced using nonlinear optics, offering unparalleled efficiency.
Researchers from Huazhong University of Science and Technology developed a miniaturized microfiber ultrasound sensor for photoacoustic imaging, improving sensitivity by one order of magnitude. The sensor achieves low noise equivalent pressure and broad response bandwidth, enabling high-resolution imaging with large depth capabilities.
The CVIA journal has published its third issue of Volume 6, bringing together important research from China and the US. The issue includes papers on common statistical methods in medical research, as well as case summaries and studies on various cardiovascular topics.
Researchers discovered and characterized licochalcone C and isobavachalcone as potent inhibitors of bile salt hydrolases (BSHs), with potential applications in modulating bile acid metabolism. The study revealed that these compounds reversibly inhibit BSHs via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.
The article reviews the biosafety of different delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs, highlighting the importance of carrier selection and drug administration method. It also highlights the benefits of carrier-free delivery systems in reducing adverse effects.
Scientists develop new method to visualize and characterize topological edge states in photonic crystals beyond the optical diffraction limit. The research enables enhanced quantum efficiency or inhibited quantum emission by controlling radiation characteristics of these states.
Researchers have developed graphene-empowered dynamic metasurfaces and metadevices that can actively tune their electromagnetic wave manipulation capabilities. The devices exploit the unique properties of graphene to manipulate visible, terahertz, and microwave frequencies.
Researchers discovered a novel way to control the optical properties of silicon nanoantennas using vectorial light fields. The technique enables high-contrast reconfigurable optical scattering by switching structured polarization beams.
The CRISPR/Cas system is being utilized for the treatment and diagnosis of infectious diseases using biosafety materials, highlighting its design principle and efficacy. Advanced biosafety materials are used to detect viral nucleic acids and inhibit viral replication.
Biosafety materials have emerged to address global concerns about COVID-19, with unique strategies for preventing infections by pathogenic microorganisms. Researchers have developed novel protocols for rapid detection and elimination of pathogenic microorganisms.
Recent advances in femtosecond laser direct writing of fiber Bragg gratings in multicore fibers enable the development of shape sensors, fiber Raman lasers and high-power fiber lasers with improved spectral features. The technology also allows for complex optical integral elements and biosensors to be fabricated.
Current drug optimization prioritizes potency/specificity over tissue exposure/selectivity, leading to clinical failures. A new approach, STAR, classifies drugs based on potency/selectivity, tissue exposure/selectivity, and required dose to achieve clinical efficacy/toxicity balance.