Researchers compare theory with data from STAR experiment to establish the temperature boundary where ordinary matter and quark-gluon plasma cross over. The team also finds that the highly dynamical systems of gold-gold collisions achieve thermal equilibrium.
Researchers create the world's first three-dimensional plasmon rulers, capable of measuring spatial changes in macrmolecular systems, providing a new tool for understanding critical biological events. The 3D plasmon rulers enable scientists to retrieve complete spatial configuration and track dynamic evolution of complex processes.
The ALPHA Collaboration has successfully stored a total of 309 antihydrogen atoms for up to 1,000 seconds, far exceeding the time ordinary atoms can be magnetically confined. This achievement opens a path to new experiments with antimatter and measures matter-antimatter asymmetry with precision.
Researchers have demonstrated the first true nanoscale waveguides for next-generation on-chip optical communication systems, enabling ultrafast data transfer. The use of hybrid plasmon polaritons in a metal-insulator-semiconductor device reduces optical losses and increases signal confinement.
Researchers aim to create biological circuits using RNA molecules for the engineering of programmable genetic networks. They have successfully eliminated protein requirements and developed a system that can sense RNA input and synthesize output signals, performing logic operations and regulating multiple genes. This breakthrough has si...
A joint report from Berkeley Lab suggests California can achieve 60% emissions reduction with current technology, while the remaining 20% will require advancements in technologies like artificial photosynthesis and fusion energy. The report recommends electrifying as much as possible, increasing efficiency measures, and changing human ...
Scientists at Berkeley Lab derived atomic-scale resolution structures of the ribosome, a protein-making machine. The high-resolution structures reveal molecular-scale compression springs and torsion springs made of RNA, keeping the subunits tethered together during large-scale motions.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have successfully performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) without the use of magnets, overcoming obstacles like polarization and chemical shifts. This breakthrough enables more portable and cost-effective NMR, with potential applications in medical diagnoses and field analyses.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab demonstrated antenna-enhanced gas sensing at the single particle level using a palladium nanoparticle on a gold nanoantenna. The technique amplifies plasmonic sensing signals, eliminating statistical characteristics and offering noninvasive, biocompatible applications.
Researchers at JBEI have developed a library of microbial efflux pumps that can alleviate biofuel toxicity in E. coli, enabling improved biofuel production. The study identified two effective pumps, including one from Alcanivorax borkumensis, which increased limonene production by microbes.
Scientists have discovered an exotic nucleus called fluorine-14, comprising nine protons and five neutrons, which exists for a fraction of a second before releasing a proton. The team's experiments were enabled by supercomputers and advanced simulation codes, including the Universal Nuclear Energy Density Functional (UNEDF) project.
Researchers confirm theoretical predictions and discover edge-states in graphene nanoribbons, exhibiting unique electronic properties. The findings open the possibility of building quick-acting, energy-efficient nanoscale devices from graphene-nanoribbon switches.
Scientists deciphered a community of soil microbes that enables a patch of soil to suppress a plant-killing pathogen. The researchers found 17 unique types of bacteria working together to reduce the incidence of fungal infection.
The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) has created the biggest 3-D map of the distant universe, using light from 14,000 quasars. The map demonstrates that it is possible to determine variations in the density of intergalactic hydrogen gas at cosmological distances and measure the effects of dark energy.
A new Berkeley Lab study forecasts China's energy use will level off, even as its population edges past 1.4 billion, due to saturation in energy demand for appliances and housing. The report also predicts significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through increased adoption of electric cars, nuclear power, and improved energy e...
The STAR experiment has produced 18 examples of the nucleus of antihelium-4, making it the heaviest antiparticle ever detected. The discovery sheds light on the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance and could lead to breakthroughs in searching for antimatter in space.
A Berkeley Lab study found that homes with solar PV systems in California sell for an average of $17,000 more than similar homes without the system. The research analyzed over 72,000 home sales and controlled for various factors to show a significant impact of PV systems on home prices.
Researchers at JBEI have developed a technique called targeted proteomics that enables the rapid identification and quantification of specific proteins in cells or microbes. This technique can help identify bottlenecks in metabolic pathways, leading to improved efficiency and productivity in biofuel and therapeutic drug production.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have demonstrated localized surface plasmon resonances in doped semiconductor quantum dots, opening up possibilities for plasmonic sensing and manipulation of solid-state processes. This discovery extends the range of candidate materials for plasmonics to include semiconductors, offering advantages such as d...
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered a new process for repairing double-strand breaks in heterochromatin, a crucial step in maintaining genome stability. This mechanism allows cells to accurately repair DNA damage and prevent chromosomal abnormalities that can lead to cancer and birth defects.
A Berkeley Lab-led team has solved the structure of human FEN1, a key player in DNA replication and repair. The study reveals how FEN1 binds to DNA, opens it by severely bending the template strand, and prepares flaps for joining to new fragments.
Researchers found that healthy breast cells secrete interleukin 25 to actively kill nearby breast cancer cells without harming normal cells. This discovery suggests IL25 receptor signaling as a new therapeutic target for treating breast cancer.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have created bilayered nanocrystals with multiple catalytic sites, enabling sequential and selective catalytic reactions. This approach could improve design of high-performance nanostructured catalysts for multiple-step chemical reactions.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have fabricated a perovskite-based superlens that captures evanescent light waves in the mid-infrared range, enabling highly sensitive biomedical detection and imaging. The superlens achieves an imaging resolution of one micrometer, surpassing the diffraction limit of conventional lenses.
Scientists have developed a new method for high-resolution chemical imaging on the nanoscale, providing detailed information about molecular chemistry and interactions. This technique allows researchers to decipher the functionality of nanostructures with rich detail.
A team of scientists has found that the pseudogap in high-temperature superconductors is not a gradual transition to superconductivity, but rather a distinct phase of matter. This discovery challenges current understanding and opens up new possibilities for achieving superconductivity at higher temperatures.
Researchers successfully simulated the operation of a laser-plasma wakefield accelerator in three-dimensional detail using the 'boosted-frame' method. This breakthrough enables calculations that were previously beyond the state of the art, reducing computational time by tens of thousands of times.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have enhanced spontaneous magnetization in special versions of bismuth ferrite, creating a stable nanoscale mixture of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. This allows for electric control of magnetization at room temperature, opening the door to spintronic devices.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab are advancing systems biology research to improve understanding of cellular networks and their behavior. By integrating experimental and computational technologies, they aim to bridge the gap between correlative analysis and mechanistic insights.
Researchers controlled light scattering in graphene by manipulating quantum pathways, providing a new tool for studying this unique material. By controlling the excitation pathways, they can control the light emission, which has practical applications for controlling electronic states in graphene nanodevices.
Researchers design nanocomposite material with magnesium nanoparticles and polymethyl methacrylate matrix, rapidly absorbing and releasing hydrogen at modest temperatures. This breakthrough material may have broad applicability to other areas of energy research.
Researchers discovered that human mammary epithelial cells possess lineage-specific intrinsic abilities to self-organize into domains of lineage specificity, maintaining healthy bi-layered branching organization. The study provides insights into the coordination of stem cell differentiation and tissue architecture maintenance.
Researchers have shown how laminin influences genetic information inside a cell's nucleus, while its destruction plays a detrimental role in tumor development. The study also identifies laminin-111 as the regulator of nuclear actin, a key mediator of epithelial cell quiescence.
Experts warn that doubling energy demand by 2050 poses significant challenges to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in California. Berkeley scientists stress the need for efficient energy use, low-carbon electricity options, and strategic behavioral changes to meet state's ambitious goal.
Researchers have developed a new bioluminescent probe that enables real-time detection of hydrogen peroxide levels in mice, allowing for the tracking of infectious diseases or cancerous tumors without harm. The PCL-1 probe has provided evidence that hydrogen peroxide is continuously produced even in healthy animals.
A new life cycle assessment report from the Energy Biosciences Institute identifies seven grand challenges for biofuels, including understanding farmers, feedstock options, and land use, as well as characterizing tailpipe emissions and their health consequences. The report aims to provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating the en...
Researchers at Berkeley Lab developed a fluorescent assay that reveals the mechanism of how fluoxetine inhibits TREK1 potassium channels, a key target for antidepressants. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying depression and opens up potential avenues for developing improved treatments.
Researchers developed a technique to visualize plasmonic fields at the nanoscale, focusing on the position of plasmonic modes just a few nanometers apart. This advance enables the study of high-speed data transmission and ultrafast detector arrays.
The BigBOSS Collaboration will use 500 nights of observing time on the Mayall Telescope to create a massive galaxy-redshift map, reaching back 10 billion years to investigate dark energy. The instrument will enable precise measurements of thousands of astronomical objects, providing unprecedented opportunities for scientific research.
Researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory created a durable and efficient photocatalyst that can collect solar energy to extract hydrogen from water. The disorder-engineered nanocrystal absorbs infrared light, making it attractive for use in clean-energy technologies.
Gabor Somorjai has been recognized with the prestigious BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award for his groundbreaking work in surface chemistry and catalysis. His research has led to significant advancements in fields such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and automotive industries.
Researchers have demonstrated a solar cell that responds to virtually the entire solar spectrum and can be manufactured using one of the semiconductor industry's most common methods. The new design promises highly efficient solar cells with practical production costs.
GRIN plasmonics combines transformation optics and plasmonics to control strongly confined light waves. The technique uses an isotropic dielectric material on a metal substrate to create efficient plasmonic devices, including Luneburg and Eaton lenses.
Researchers have developed a single molecule imaging technology called BEAST to map the electromagnetic field inside nano-sized metal hotspots. The results show highly localized fields with exponential shapes that rise steeply to peaks and decay quickly.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab coaxed polymers to braid themselves into complex structures, mimicking biological materials' hierarchy and precision. The findings could lead to new applications in drug delivery, molecular sensing, and more.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated a solution-based method for inducing the self-assembly of flexible polymer membranes with highly aligned subnanometer channels. The new technique uses organic nanotubes and block copolymers to fabricate porous thin films with tailored channel sizes and shapes.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab and Cal Tech have developed a new type of damage-tolerant metallic glass that outperforms any known material. The glass's unique composition promotes extensive plasticity, allowing it to bend rather than crack under stress.
JBEI has been named the 2010 Government Institutional Research Facility of the Year by Biofuels Digest. The institute's success is attributed to its co-location of researchers from various institutions and academic disciplines, resulting in significant scientific advancements.
A recent study tracked almost 1,900 people over 29 years to uncover the link between larger high-density lipoprotein particles and reduced risk of heart disease. The research found that an increase in HDL2 particles significantly lowered heart disease risk.
A comprehensive analysis of the Drosophila genome reveals new genes, alternative splicing forms, and complex chromatin organization. The findings provide a foundation for in-depth functional studies and apply to understanding genomes across all organisms.