Jülich scientists successfully measured atomic spacings down to a few picometres using new methods in ultrahigh-resolution electron microscopy. This allows for the determination of decisive parameters determining physical properties of materials directly on an atomic level in a microscope.
Researchers at the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research discovered that biofilm bacteria use violacein, a pigment produced in response to threats, to neutralize attackers and trigger a suicide mechanism in phagocytes. This finding presents a new avenue for combating human parasites causing diseases like sleeping sickness and malaria.
Researchers found high levels of heavy nitrogen and carbon isotopes in peat samples from the Tunguska disaster region, supporting the meteorite theory. The study suggests that increased concentrations of iridium and nitrogen in the relevant peat layers also support this theory.
Researchers at DKFZ have developed a new simulation method to predict the molecular targets that control cell behavior. This breakthrough may lead to new treatments against cancer metastasis by targeting specific genetic changes.
Jülich scientists have discovered the mechanism behind Parkinsonian tremor and developed a new deep brain pacemaker to disrupt it. The device influences disturbed neurons in the core region of the brain, causing irregular rhythms that break down diseased modes.
A study by Helmholtz Association researchers found that over half of scientists had predominantly good contact with journalists, while four out of ten reported beneficial media coverage for their career. The study dispels the idea that German researchers struggle to communicate with the media.
Scientists have discovered a chemical mechanism by which argyrin destroys tumours and prevents protein breakdown, leading to reduced tumour growth and no side effects. Researchers are now working to optimize the molecule for clinical testing in the near future.
Recent measurements of the Earth's magnetic field revealed surprisingly fast motions in the fluid at the core, changing over just a few months. This change affects the Planet's magnetic field and is also linked to variations in Length-of-Day.
The Alfred Wegener Institute has inherited the World Radiation Monitoring Center, providing climate research with accurate meteorological data. The archive contains baseline energy conversion of solar radiation and thermal radiation data from around the world.
An international team of researchers has discovered extensive layers of volcanic ash on the seafloor of the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Ocean, indicating a gigantic volcanic eruption. The find challenges previous assumptions that explosive volcanism cannot occur at great water depths.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research identify enzyme that requires acids and dissolved metals to function, repairing genetic damage under extreme conditions. This discovery opens up new possibilities for biotechnological applications and potential treatments for diseases characterized by over-acidification.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center discovered that tumor cells degrade HIPK2 to prevent programmed cell death. Blocking this degradation may increase effectiveness of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The study suggests a new approach to cancer treatment by targeting the Siah-1 enzyme.
Scientists have discovered that genetic variation in Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes plays a vital role in the immune system of tailed amphibians. This finding highlights the importance of understanding species-specific adaptations for conservation strategies, particularly for globally declining amphibian populations.
A long-term study has found that childhood stress can increase the risk of developing allergies, with higher levels of stress-related peptide VIP detected in children who experienced life events like moving house or parental separation. Researchers also found a link between stress and immune system regulation, but not severe illnesses ...
Researchers have developed two new methods to better estimate the numbers of European Otters and their effects on fish farming industries. Genetic analyses of faeces can prove a promising approach in investigating otter populations. The information can be used to ensure effective nature conservation by calculating fish eaten per pond a...
Researchers from Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research propose five-step action plan to regulate cormorant populations in Europe. A common management strategy is needed due to varying national attitudes towards culling, with some countries opposing the practice.
The TEEB report presents a comprehensive economic case for conserving biodiversity, citing severe consequences if current decline continues. Economic valuation studies show that the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services has significant human costs, particularly for the poor.
Women who have taken menopausal hormone therapy before are at a 37% higher risk of breast cancer than those who never used it. The risk is highest when taking combined estrogen and progestin therapies, with an increased risk by 73% during use.
Scientists have discovered a molecular marker, RIP140, that controls both metabolic processes and inflammatory responses in liver cells of mice with cancer. By switching off this molecule, the lipid balance of the liver normalized within a few days, suggesting its role in causing fatty liver in affected patients.
Researchers found that invasive plant species, such as Buddleia and Oregon grape, have an advantage over native ones due to genetic changes and the absence of natural herbivores. This can lead to a threat to ecological balance and displacement of native species.
A plague of kangaroos is overgrazing Canberra's natural grasslands, leading to dramatic consequences for other species. The eastern grey kangaroo's population has multiplied so much that it now outnumbers the city's inhabitants, threatening the survival of rare species like the golden sun moth and grassland earless dragon.
The TEEB report estimates that biodiversity offers $5 billion in ecosystem services per year, but loss could exacerbate global poverty and climate change. The project aims to address the economic value of biodiversity and its impact on human survival.
A new biosensor measures the oxidation state of glutathione, an important protection molecule, to detect cellular stress. The sensor is highly sensitive and precise, allowing researchers to track short-term variations in oxidative processes.
Researchers successfully isolated and sequenced the genome of syntrophic microorganisms that oxidize methane anaerobically. They discovered new bacterial partners and found genes responsible for nitrogen fixation, which may enhance their metabolic versatility. These findings provide insights into the global carbon cycle and climate.
A novel gas sensor system based on diffusion principle enables large-scale monitoring of CO2 concentrations over areas. The system replaces multiple sensors, reducing costs and improving data accuracy for environmental remediation, landfill monitoring, and indoor air quality.
Researchers found that arable land and steppe-formation processes can significantly affect global air quality, as evidenced by a dust cloud from southern Ukraine that caused extreme particulate matter concentrations in Central Europe. The study highlights the need for better understanding of dust transport and formation processes, part...
Scientists investigate impacts of demographic change on European cities, finding parallels between Poland, Czech Republic, and Germany. Empty properties are often the result of redevelopment needs rather than oversupply, while urban planning adaptations are crucial for elderly populations.
Researchers discovered a key molecule that normalizes tumor vasculature, allowing immune cells to colonize cancer tissue in large numbers. This finding led to improved survival rates in mice with disrupted Rgs5 gene, highlighting the potential of vascular normalization for enhancing immune therapy.
A study of 1,394 women found that those with low vitamin D levels had a significantly increased breast cancer risk. Carriers of certain polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene also showed an increased risk of developing breast tumors.
Researchers identify tropical wetlands as primary methane emitters during glacial times, while forest fires remained constant. The study provides essential information on natural changes in atmospheric methane concentrations prior to human impact.
A team of researchers created a functional human vascular system in mice by injecting spheroids of endothelial cells into the skin. The newly formed blood vessels are exclusively made of human endothelial cells and establish contact with mouse vessels, allowing for study of tumor growth and angiogenesis inhibitor effects.
Researchers found that the probability of bird migration errors increases with species abundance in Asia, while body size has no effect. The scientists suspect an error in the genetic migratory programme as the cause, rather than weather or other factors.
Soil scientists have created a new mathematical model that can accurately calculate the quantities of nitrous oxide produced during wastewater treatment processes like anammox and denitrification. This breakthrough aims to improve wastewater treatment effectiveness and reduce N2O emissions, a key concern for climate protection.
Scientists at HMI and University of Applied Sciences in Berlin have successfully visualized three-dimensional images of magnetic fields inside solid, non-transparent materials. By detecting changes in neutron spin rotation, the researchers can reconstruct a three-dimensional image of the magnetic field distribution within the sample.
Researchers at Jülich and Emory University have synthesized a stable inorganic metal oxide cluster that enables the fast and effective oxidation of water to oxygen. This breakthrough could contribute to solving energy and climate problems by producing hydrogen from renewable sources using artificial photosynthesis.
A study found two gene variants in the AKAP protein family to be linked to an elevated breast cancer risk, particularly in women from breast cancer families. These variants, located on the AKAP9 gene, were found to increase the risk by 17% and 27% respectively.
Researchers found that CD95 on glioblastoma cells is activated by CD95L, leading to the production of MMP9, which cuts through tissue layers and allows cancer cells to invade healthy tissue. Blocking this activation may be a new approach to stopping glioblastoma's spread.
Researchers found that autophagy protects tumor cells from radiation and chemotherapy, making them more resistant to treatment. Blocking the recycling process could make these aggressive cancer cells more sensitive to therapies.
Researchers have identified 18 plants with substantial anti-cancer properties, including Rangoon Creeper and Red-Root Sage, which outperform conventional treatments against specific tumor cell lines.
The 2008 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) is useful for countries without their own monitoring systems, but its global ranking lacks legitimacy and precision within the European Union. The EPI's standardized framework cannot account for regional environmental problems and varying policy contexts.
Researchers develop new method to measure biodiversity, finding that most species have limited impact on ecosystem diversity. The study reveals that 'attractor' species promote biodiversity in tropical rainforests, while 'repellent' species have a negative effect.
Scientists have found a promising anti-cancer drug candidate in HC-toxin, isolated from a fungal maize pathogen. The substance inhibits histone deacetylases, altering genetic material packaging and reducing cancer cell properties.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center discovered a new molecule Akirin that plays a crucial role in triggering the innate immune response in fruit flies, mice, and humans. Inhibiting this pathway may lead to new cancer treatments.
The GITEWS consortium has finalized key components, including automatic data processing software SeisComP3 and underwater communication systems. The ocean modeling calculations are also complete, enabling the system to be set into operation at the end of 2008.
The new ecosystems approach to fishery regulation requires consideration of various uses of maritime resources and interactions between different sectors. The study highlights the need for interactive decision-making processes to promote versatile use of information about the maritime environment.
The GRACE-Team received the William T. Pecora Award for their groundbreaking work in determining the global water balance of continents through satellite measurements. This achievement provides a reliable dataset for understanding climate change, as highlighted by Professor Reinhard Hüttl.
Experts warn that the European Water Framework Directive lacks a comprehensive approach to monitoring and addressing chemical pollution in rivers. The current priority list of substances is deemed inadequate, and researchers advocate for prioritizing effects rather than just chemicals.
Researchers from the University of Bayreuth and Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research found that Alpine summit vegetation is becoming increasingly homogenized due to climate change. This has led to an increase in species diversity within individual areas, but a decline in regional biodiversity across ecosystems.
The marsh frog outcompetes indigenous species due to its faster growth rate, longer lifespan, and higher fertility. This displacement process threatens the extinction of native water frog species.
PETRA III will be one of the world's leading sources for short-wavelength X-rays, enabling innovative research in medicine, materials science, and molecular biology. The new facility will feature 14 experimental stations and a unique combination of light sources, attracting scientists from Germany and abroad.