Articles tagged with Statistical Sampling
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A biennial health insurance survey found that nearly half of all working-age US adults went without health insurance for a time, while 75 million struggled with medical debt. The Affordable Care Act's provisions have helped young adults gain coverage and improve affordability.
Researchers at the University of Hohenheim have developed a new technique to select promising parent plants for corn breeding, allowing for faster development of high-yielding varieties. By analyzing DNA and substance composition, scientists can predict a plant's genetic potency and breeding capabilities, saving time, money, and acreage.
Researchers argue that short papers based on one study or small sample are prone to false positives and may not accurately represent scientific value. The trend towards 'bite-size' science poses risks to the integrity of psychological research.
Researchers at Caltech have conducted high-pressure experiments on iron to study its behavior under extreme conditions found in the Earth's core. They obtained unprecedented measurements of iron's vibrational properties, which will help estimate the amount of light elements in the core.
A new study by András Tilcsik found that employers are 40% less likely to grant an interview to openly gay men compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The study, which analyzed over 1,700 job openings, revealed significant barriers in the hiring process for gay applicants.
A new study published in the Journal of Vision found that viewers experience more comfort when stereo 3D content is placed behind a screen, rather than in front of it. The researchers observed increased discomfort and fatigue among participants who viewed content in front of the screen.
Researchers found that 60% of substance-dependent individuals reported fair or poor oral health, with opioid users experiencing worse oral health over time. The study suggests that addressing oral health concerns may facilitate medical care discussions for addicts.
Researchers calculated the price of Olympic gold medals using a model that measures government expenditure in sport and other variables. The study found an inverse relation between the number of sackings and team results in football teams, with more sackings leading to worse results.
Researchers developed a novel approach to automated detection and classification of harmful bacteria in food using machine-learning. The method can identify known and unknown classes of food pathogens, improving the ability to detect bacterial contamination in tested samples.
Children as young as 3-4 years old use statistical information to infer the preferences of others. In experiments, they were more likely to give a toy to someone who had selected it from a container with a low proportion of that toy type. This ability is crucial for learning about others' desires and preferences.
A new computational strategy for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) corrects for population structure and hidden relatedness, reducing computation time from years to hours. The EMMAX method uses high-density markers to capture complex relationships between individuals and corrects for ancestry-related biases.
A recent study found that bariatric surgery is associated with a higher risk of death in superobese patients. The research, published in Archives of Surgery, analyzed data from 856 veterans who underwent bariatric surgery between 2000 and 2006. Patients classified as superobese had a significantly increased risk of dying within one yea...
Scientists re-examined data to discover a flawed statistical model used for calculating dinosaur mass, leading to revised estimates of Apatosaurus louisae at 18 tonnes instead of 38 tonnes. This finding has significant implications for various theories about dinosaur biology.
New research reveals a connection between water pollution and declining male fertility, with anti-androgenic chemicals identified as key players. The study suggests that exposure to these chemicals may contribute to reproductive problems in humans, particularly those affected by testicular dysgenesis syndrome.
A study published in Psychology of Women Quarterly found that employees who were sexually harassed reported lower levels of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job performance. The study analyzed data from 89,382 people and found that younger employees were more affected by sexual harassment.
A new statistical tool could help explain gene study variations by tracing coding sequences of genes to a single ancestral copy, accounting for genetic differences among subpopulations. Researchers will use this approach to analyze data from an existing database on stroke risk in black children, improving disease diagnosis and treatment.
A Taiwanese study suggests that Four-Agents Decoction, an 800-year-old traditional Chinese herbal formula, may exhibit a beneficial effect on primary dysmenorrhea after extended treatment. However, the study did not detect significant pain reduction in the initial cycle. The authors recommend further research with larger sample sizes a...
A Northwestern University study found that juries give wrong verdicts in at least one out of eight cases, with agreement rates between judges and jurors varying between 77-80%. The study uses statistical analysis to estimate the accuracy of jury verdicts, suggesting that juries may be less accurate than judges in certain cases.
The BROOM software system streamlines sampling and cleanup activities, minimizing downtime and providing a transparent basis for facility reoccupation. This technology has the potential to save multi-millions of dollars in costs and improve public safety.
A new statistical technique identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with obesity risk in 10% of studied populations. The variant, near the INSIG2 gene, was found to increase BMI measurements and was replicated in four independent populations, including families and non-related subjects.
A team of experts, including those from the NIH and the US Department of Justice, identified 850 of the 2,749 reported missing after the 9/11 attacks using DNA analysis. The panel's recommendations include improving forensic DNA typing systems and designing processes to test novel identification procedures.
Researchers have developed a DNA-based method to determine the geographic origin of ivory, enabling authorities to identify hot spots for enforcement. The technique has been tested in 16 African nations and shows high accuracy in assigning tusks to specific locations.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new method using infrared spectroscopy and statistical analysis to classify dietary supplement oils and common food oils. The study found that the FT-IR method could identify adulteration levels down to 2%, allowing for faster and less expensive quality control.
A University of Washington study found that using the Internet is not a reliable way for most people to find jobs. Despite widespread adoption of internet-based job search tools, researchers found that those who used the internet were actually less likely to land a job than those who didn't.
A team of scientists from the University of Maine discovered a slow-growing sea urchin variety that never reaches legal size for harvesting in Maine's coastal waters. This finding suggests that harvesting legal-sized urchins could cause a shift in the population towards non-harvestable stocks.
Girls from supportive families were almost three times more likely to have used a condom during sex in the past month and less likely to report emotional abuse from their partners. The study also found that girls from unsupportive families were twice as likely to be afraid to talk to their partners about using a condom.
A recent survey found that herbal product users are more likely to be women and have used multivitamins or nutritional supplements; 61% of respondents reported using an herbal product in the past 12 months. Physicians should become educated about herbs to identify potential risks and engage in dialogue with patients about herb use.