Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
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Researchers at Northwestern University successfully synthesized a new natural compound that exhibits promising anti-cancer properties, outperforming existing treatments. By identifying the correct molecular structure, the team is now poised to develop more effective and selective cancer therapies.
Researchers create a localized and controlled drug delivery system that is invisible to the immune system, providing a potential solution for cancer and other diseases. The system uses nanoscale polymer films to slowly release anti-inflammatory drugs, reducing side effects and enhancing treatment efficacy.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that simultaneous implantation of radioactive seeds and chemotherapy wafers following surgery improved patient survival rates for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. The median survival was 69 weeks, with nearly a quarter of patients surviving two years.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have discovered a genetic pathway that makes cancerous leukaemia cells resistant to treatment. Inhibiting this pathway, called hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), reverts the cells to respond to death-inducing agents.
A randomized clinical trial found that adding docetaxel to anthracycline-based chemotherapy improved disease-free survival in breast cancer patients. The study showed a 4% increase in five-year disease-free survival rates, with patients receiving sequential docetaxel after doxorubicin having the best outcomes.
Research from the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) found that chemotherapy safely reduced recurrence, breast cancer mortality, and death from any cause in women with hormone-resistant breast cancer. The study showed a 10-year risk reduction of 25% in younger women and 39% in women aged 50-69 years.
A large clinical trial found that bevacizumab significantly prolongs progression-free survival for women with recurrent breast cancer when combined with chemotherapy. The study showed a doubling of delay in worsening of the disease and improved remission rates compared to chemotherapy alone.
The study found that anthracycline-based chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival rates more than non-anthracycline-based regimens for women with HER2-positive tumors. However, the treatment showed no significant benefit for patients with HER2-negative breast cancer.
Researchers found that erythropoietin administration can prevent acute cardiotoxic effects induced by chemotherapy agents doxorubicin and trastuzumab. The study suggests that rhEPO may be used to reduce acute cardiotoxic effects during chemotherapy, potentially preventing long-term development of cardiomyopathy.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have produced the first 3D structural images of a DNA-bound Type II topoisomerase, a prime target for antibacterial and anticancer drugs. The study reveals that topo II employs a 'two-gate' mechanism to carry out its tasks, controlling the passage of DNA segments through the enzyme.
A definitive study of 15 randomized trials found that high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation had no overall survival benefit for women with node-positive breast cancer. However, there was a slight benefit in relapse-free survival.
The QUASAR trial found that chemotherapy with fluorouracil and folinic acid reduces the risk of recurrence by 22% and death by 18% in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. The absolute improvements are small, but still significant.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report that a milder chemotherapy regimen before stem cell transplant resulted in complete remission for 45 of 47 patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma. Long-term follow-up showed improved overall survival and progression-free survival rates.
A Phase III clinical trial shows that patients with relapsed CLL who achieve complete response with oblimersen combination therapy live significantly longer than those treated with chemotherapy alone. The median survival time for oblimersen-treated patients is estimated to exceed 49 months, whereas it was 35 months for those on F/C alone.
Scientists have developed a retinal flow cytometer that allows for continuous monitoring of circulating cells in a mouse's bloodstream. This technology holds promise for treating multiple myeloma by enabling the testing of chemotherapy agents and treatment strategies.
Researchers found that nonmyeloablative stem-cell transplant patients have similar outcomes regardless of whether they receive related or unrelated donor cells, with no significant differences in mortality rates. The study suggests that the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and mini-transplant biology may be responsible for the co...
Bioengineers at Yale have created a new method of drug delivery that effectively targets and treats brain tumors by adding a water-soluble polymer to the anti-cancer drug. This approach has the potential to increase treatment distances, potentially preventing recurrence and improving treatment outcomes.
A new method of administering antiemetic granisetron, subcutaneously, achieves similar blood concentrations as intravenous administration, making it a potential alternative for non-hospitalized patients. The study supports the use of subcutaneous granisetron for treating chemotherapy-induced vomiting.
Researchers found that gene signatures can predict which chemotherapy regimens are most effective for breast cancer patients. The study showed a significant improvement in response rates when using gene signatures to select treatments, suggesting a potential breakthrough in personalized medicine.
Researchers found that simultaneous treatment resulted in a five-year survival rate of 15.1 percent, compared to 10.6 percent with sequential therapy. The study's findings suggest that concurrent chemotherapy and radiation is the new standard of care for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Rice scientists have successfully grown hairy roots for 4-and-a-half years, a breakthrough that could lead to mass production of medicines like vincristine and vinblastine. The transgenic roots contain genes from both the host plant and bacteria, offering a stable alternative to traditional cell cultures.
Researchers found that quantitative index adds accurate information about patients' responses to first-line chemotherapy, improving tumor response prediction. This method can also identify disease transformation and shorten treatment for favorable responders.
A new study found that a combination of bevacizumab (Avastin) and chemotherapy may increase survival time for patients with glioblastoma multiforme, a deadly type of brain tumor. The treatment showed promising results in improving outcomes for patients who have already been diagnosed with the disease.
Researchers examined the effectiveness of intra-arterial combination chemotherapy in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). The treatment led to a median survival time of 457.2 days and a one-year survival rate of 70%.
Researchers have developed nanodiamond clusters that efficiently carry and release chemotherapy drugs, sparing healthy cells from toxicity. The material's stability, safety, and high surface area make it a promising alternative to current drug delivery agents.
A recent study found that women with HER-2 positive breast cancer who receive Taxol alongside chemotherapy experience improved survival rates. In contrast, estrogen-receptor-positive and HER-2-negative patients do not benefit from the added treatment, offering a targeted approach to personalized medicine.
Research suggests that young women with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer who undergo adjuvant chemotherapy do not experience higher survival rates than those with ER-negative tumors. The study, published in Breast Cancer Research, found a 5% difference in survival rates between the two groups.
A new study found that cancer patients receiving chemotherapy did not notice restrictions in their treatment access following the enactment of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act. Despite significant reductions in government reimbursement to oncologists, patients perceived no barriers to their care.
A study of 447 patients with multiple myeloma found that thalidomide improved overall survival and response rates compared to standard chemotherapy. The MPT regimen was associated with significantly better outcomes, making it a potential new treatment option for elderly patients.
A new study found that gemcitabine chemotherapy after surgery doubles disease-free survival from 4.9 to 11.4 months in patients with operable pancreatic cancer, improving outcomes by 41 percent
Pertuzumab prolongs survival time for women with Stage 3 ovarian cancer, a Phase II clinical trial found. The experimental drug added weeks to the standard survival period and was well-tolerated by the body.
A large study of European patients has identified promising biomarkers to distinguish between patients with a high likelihood and low likelihood of relapse, paving the way for more targeted treatment approaches.
The experimental drug STA-4783 has been shown to delay cancer progression and prolong patient lives by inducing oxidative stress in cancer cells. In a randomized trial, patients treated with the combination of STA-4783 and chemotherapy lived up to 12 months after diagnosis, compared to 7.8 months for those receiving only chemotherapy.
A study suggests that patients with non-squamous histology achieve statistically significant higher survival when treated with ALIMTA in the second-line setting compared to those with squamous histology. The analysis also identified other predictive factors for potential benefit from treatment, including adenocarcinoma histology and go...
Researchers found that high BRCA1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients is associated with poor survival and increased risk of death. Patients with high BRCA1 levels may benefit from taxane-based chemotherapy, while those with low levels may not respond to cisplatin-based treatments.
Research shows PET scans with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) can predict a breast tumor's response to chemotherapy and a patient's likelihood of survival. Women with high initial FDG uptake and significant reduction after treatment are more likely to achieve complete response.
A new method of molecular profiling has accurately predicted which stage II colon cancer patients are most likely to have their disease recur after surgery. The analysis identified two groups with distinct clinical outcomes, allowing for more accurate selection of patients who would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Scientists have developed a method to detect circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in blood before and after chemotherapy treatment, potentially identifying patients at risk of cancer recurrence. The study found that CTCs persisted in the blood of patients who were more likely to experience recurrence.
A two-year study from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found that women who took a weekly dose of risedronate lost significantly less bone than those who did not take the drug. Risedronate improved bone density and prevented excess bone loss in breast cancer survivors, even among those on aromatase inhibitors.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to load dozens of molecules of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel onto tiny gold spheres, creating a uniform delivery system that targets cancer cells more effectively. The new approach aims to reduce side effects and improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
A new study finds breast cancer survivors who received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy reported the most severe and prolonged fatigue. The study, published in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, found women who received both treatments experienced more days with reported fatigue at each assessment.
Two studies found that exercise and yoga can improve quality of life in women with early-stage breast cancer by increasing physical fitness and self-esteem. Yoga was particularly beneficial for women not receiving chemotherapy, promoting better social well-being and overall quality of life.
A common molecular pathway called retinoblastoma (RB) tumor suppressor could help predict which lung cancer patients will benefit from chemotherapy drugs. Researchers found that turning off the RB pathway resulted in an altered response to chemotherapy agents and more cancer cell death.
Liang’s research aims to develop ‘smart’ peptide drugs that can selectively kill cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. These peptide drugs have shown high activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers in studies on cultured tumor cells and animal models.
Researchers found that a Western diet was associated with a three-and-a-half times higher risk of colon cancer recurrence in patients who had undergone surgery and chemotherapy. In contrast, a prudent-pattern diet did not significantly influence cancer recurrence or mortality.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that chemotherapy with bevacizumab increases the risk of blood clots in arteries, with a higher incidence among patients over 65 years old. The risk of arterial thromboembolic events was significantly higher in patients treated with the combination therapy compared...
Researchers at MGH confirm that bone marrow transplantation after chemotherapy restores fertility in female mice, with donor-derived egg cells observed but not involved in fertilization. The study also reveals that resuming mating and bone marrow transplants shortly after chemotherapy improve fertility rates.
A study led by Duke University researchers found that a white blood cell booster can significantly reduce the risk of chemotherapy-related complications characterized by fever and low white blood cell levels. The study, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, involved over 3,000 patients and showed that patients taking the drug ...
A recent study published in The Lancet Oncology found that children with intracranial ependymoma can avoid the damaging effects of radiotherapy by receiving chemotherapy treatment instead. In a study of 89 children, 42% avoided radiotherapy and had better overall survival rates.
Researchers propose a 'value meal' approach to decrease medication costs while increasing benefits from expensive cancer drugs. By taking certain medications with meals or grapefruit juice, patients may use up to 80% of the prescribed dose and reduce side effects.
Researchers found that patients treated with single-drug therapy had shorter overall survival, but those receiving sequential treatment had similar survival rates to combination therapy regimens. The study results challenge conventional clinical practice and suggest a more gentle approach for some patients.
Researchers developed a new drug delivery method using ultrasound to target cancer tumors, releasing chemotherapy drugs from nanobubbles. They found this approach was more effective at blocking tumor growth than other nanoparticle delivery methods. Vitamin D levels were also associated with reduced colon cancer risk in a separate study.
A new special issue of Integrative Cancer Therapies Journal presents research on milk thistle's liver-protective effects and its potential as an anticancer agent. The studies suggest that silymarin, the active compound in milk thistle, can preserve liver function and provide clinical benefits for cancer patients.
A new drug candidate, abiraterone, has shown significant anti-tumor activity in early trials for patients with advanced prostate cancer whose tumors have continued to grow despite medical or surgical castration. The drug reduced PSA levels and shrunk tumors in both pre- and post-chemotherapy patients.
A recent meta-analysis confirms that combining trastuzumab with chemotherapy reduces mortality by -34% and increases disease-free survival by 38% in women with operable HER-2 positive breast cancer. This treatment strategy also decreases the risk of locoregional and distant recurrences.
A pilot study found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists can suppress ovarian function in women receiving chemotherapy, protecting their fertility. The treatment was well-tolerated with minimal side effects and restored ovarian function after chemotherapy stopped.
Researchers have developed a new drug delivery method using nanoparticles that carries the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin deeper into solid tumors, improving its effectiveness. This treatment approach resulted in increased tumor growth prevention and longer survival times for mice compared to traditional methods.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully manipulated nanomaterials to create a new drug-delivery system for anticancer drugs. The system uses silica-based nanoparticles to deliver water-insoluble drugs into human cancer cells, increasing their effectiveness and reducing toxicity.
A review of nine randomized trials shows that patients treated with cisplatin lived slightly longer than those treated with carboplatin, with a median survival of 9.1 months compared to 8.4 months. However, the difference in survival was not statistically significant for all patient groups.
Researchers have confirmed that arsenic trioxide significantly improves patient survival in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients. Nearly 600 patients participated in a six-year phase III study, showing improved disease-free rates and longer survival compared to standard chemotherapy alone.