Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
Researchers conclude that adding chemotherapy to active symptom control does not improve overall survival or quality of life for mesothelioma patients. However, exploratory analyses suggest that vinorelbine may merit further investigation.
A new study suggests that targeting and disabling a protein in melanoma tumors can make them more vulnerable to chemotherapy. Researchers found that combining targeted therapy with melphalan chemotherapy reduced tumor size by up to 30-fold, compared to chemotherapy alone.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that administering calcium and magnesium before and after oxaliplatin chemotherapy significantly reduces neurological side effects in patients with advanced colon cancer. This reduction enables patients to complete a full course of treatment, increasing the likelihood of successful therapy.
A quality-control audit found high compliance with Fox Chase Cancer Center's Partners program, which shares advanced cancer treatment guidelines with community hospitals. The study suggests that this partnership is an effective model for quickly disseminating advances in cancer treatment.
A new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center found that black patients are 23% less likely to receive chemotherapy and 12% less likely to receive radiation therapy for rectal cancer compared to white patients. Despite similar rates of consultation with oncologists, disparities in treatment initiation persist.
Researchers assessed various regimens for treating advanced gastric cancer and found that new agent-containing regimens can achieve higher response rates. Chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil remains a mainstream treatment option, prolonging median survival time for AGC patients.
A study by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that conventional chemotherapy often fails to eliminate breast cancer stem cells, leading to potential relapse. Treatment with lapatinib and other drugs appears to kill both tumor cells and stem cells, reducing the risk of recurrence in patients with HER2-positive tumors.
A clinical trial evaluating sorafenib added to carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy for lung cancer patients showed the combination offers no improved overall survival. Sorafenib results in worse outcomes for some patients with squamous histology.
A new clinical trial found that MAGE-A3 ASCI reduces the risk of lung cancer relapse after surgery, similar to chemotherapy but with fewer side effects. The treatment, which boosts the immune system, showed minimal reactions at injection sites and was suitable for long-term maintenance treatment.
A randomized controlled trial found that chemotherapy with cisplatin before concurrent chemoradiation did not improve disease-free survival for patients with anal canal cancer. The therapy resulted in a higher rate of colostomy procedures and was associated with severe hematologic toxicity.
A new treatment combination using a genetically altered herpes virus and chemotherapy drug reduces tumor size in mice with aggressive human sarcoma. The therapy appears to be well-tolerated, but further development is needed before clinical trials can begin.
Researchers found that a single chemotherapeutic agent, 5-fluorouracil, can cause delayed degeneration in the central nervous system of mice, leading to extensive myelin pathology. This damage is not self-repairing and worsens over time.
Researchers detail chemotherapy's damage to the brain, finding that healthy cells die off long after treatment ends. The study identifies 5-fluorouracil as a contributor to chemo brain, with damaged oligodendrocytes leading to cognitive decline and demyelination.
The 'GeparQuattro' trial shows that combining anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy with trastuzumab improves HER2 breast cancer response rates to 41.3%, compared to 19.5% without trastuzumab. The regimen also minimizes cardiac toxicity, making it a promising treatment option.
A new chemotherapy combination of docetaxel and capecitabine showed no improved efficacy in early breast cancer treatment, but increased non-haematological toxicities. The study found that the addition of capecitabine produced more side effects, such as hand-foot syndrome and diarrhoea.
A recent study found that women with BRCA2-associated breast cancer had a higher response rate and longer overall survival when treated with anthracycline-based regimens. Researchers believe this may be due to the lack of functional BRCA1/2 proteins, which impair DNA repair after chemotherapy.
Researchers at UAB have discovered that triphendiol induces cell death in pancreatic and bile duct cancer cells, slowing tumor growth and sensitizing tumors to chemotherapy treatments. The investigational drug has shown promise as a potential treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Two studies suggest that chemotherapy is not the cause of memory problems in breast cancer patients, but rather stress and quality of life factors. Women with recent diagnoses performed similarly on cognitive tests to those without cancer, while those who had completed treatment showed better scores.
The Novo-TTF device demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing tumor volume and improving outcomes for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. The device's non-invasive technology disrupts cancer cell proliferation, offering a potential alternative to traditional chemotherapy.
A randomized controlled trial found that high-dose chemotherapy did not increase survival rates for patients with small cell lung cancer. Despite increased tumor shrinkage, the high-intensity approach was deemed ineffective and highly toxic.
Recent studies suggest that preoperative chemotherapy can be effective in early breast cancer treatment, but individual responses may vary. Additionally, a case-control study found no increased risk of cancer among frequent blood donors. Furthermore, researchers have identified a novel mechanism to overcome resistance to targeted thera...
Researchers used nanotechnology to target tumors in rabbits, achieving a 1,000-fold reduction in chemotherapy dose while slowing tumor growth. The nanoparticles delivered a fungal toxin called fumagillin directly to growing blood vessels, inhibiting tumor expansion.
A study integrating genetic information with breast cancer risk factors refines estimates of relapse-free survival and predicts response to chemotherapy. Gene expression signatures provide valuable insights into breast cancer heterogeneity, enabling more precise clinical outcomes.
Researchers have created a novel nanomachine, called nanoimpeller, that can capture and store anticancer drugs inside tiny pores and release them into cancer cells in response to light. The device has strong implications for cancer treatment and may open a new avenue for drug delivery under external control.
Researchers at USC have found that fasting for two days protects healthy cells from chemotherapy, while leaving cancer cells vulnerable. This discovery holds promise for developing more selective and less toxic chemotherapy treatments.
The EORTC Intergroup trial found that chemotherapy plus surgery on liver tumors improved progression-free survival by 26% in patients with colorectal cancer. Patients who received chemotherapy before and after surgery had a higher rate of progression-free survival compared to those who underwent surgery alone.
Researchers at IUPUI have created the first 3-D image of how bleomycin targets and binds to DNA. This breakthrough study may lead to improved chemotherapy drugs for various cancers.
AstraZeneca's investigational cancer drug vandetanib has completed patient enrollment in two pivotal Phase III studies for the second-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The ZODIAC and ZEAL studies aim to assess the efficacy of vandetanib in combination with chemotherapy treatments.
A study of 61 patients with follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma found that radioimmunotherapy with yttrium-90 ibritumombab tiuxetan was well-tolerated and effective, achieving complete response in 55 patients. The treatment also showed improved progression-free survival and overall survival rates.
A randomized clinical trial found that postoperative chemotherapy does not improve survival in patients with localized gastric cancer. Despite promising results in advanced gastric cancer, the combination of cisplatin, epirubicin, and other chemotherapies did not show significant benefits.
A new study has demonstrated a lower risk of cardiac toxicity with dose-dense chemotherapy in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer patients. The regimen, which administers standard doses of chemotherapy agents more frequently, pairs safely with trastuzumab and resulted in only 1.4% cardiac events after 28 months of follow-up.
A study found that adding gemcitabine to chemoradiation improved survival rates for pancreatic cancer patients who had surgery, but the benefit was not statistically significant. The treatment reduced local relapse and systemic metastasis in patients.
Differences in gene expression levels between people of European and African ancestry can impact how they respond to certain drugs. The study found significant differences in several unrelated processes, including genes involved in producing antibodies to microbial invaders.
Research finds that TS genotype is associated with protein expression levels, which can predict patient response to 5-FU-based chemotherapy. Patients with triple-repeated genotypes have higher intratumoral TS protein expression and better clinical outcomes.
A study found that people with gliomatosis cerebri missing chromosome 1p and 19q respond better to temozolomide and live longer. The genetic signature was associated with a higher response rate and longer survival, making temozolomide a preferred treatment option.
A new study reveals that Avastin's side effects may be caused by the blockage of VEGF, which normally protects brain cells from fluid leakage. In mice, this blockage led to brain swelling and cell death.
A team of researchers has identified a new mechanism that explains why some recurrent ovarian tumors become resistant to treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin. They found that secondary mutations on the BRCA2 gene restore DNA repair function, making cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy.
Researchers identify nerve that transmits signals of chemotherapy-associated illness from small intestine to brain, offering new approach to reduce debilitating side effects. Anorexia and cachexia often accompany chemotherapy symptoms, compromising patient's nutritional status.
A study of 227 breast cancer patients found that those who participated in a psychological intervention program had better health and functioning scores, with a 7% increase compared to non-participants. The program included training on relaxation, coping with stress, and strategies for improving health behaviors, resulting in fewer sym...
Research reveals high-dose methotrexate significantly increases average survival rate to 4.5 years, outperforming radiation therapy with a one-year average survival rate.
Researchers at Northwestern University successfully synthesized a new natural compound that exhibits promising anti-cancer properties, outperforming existing treatments. By identifying the correct molecular structure, the team is now poised to develop more effective and selective cancer therapies.
Researchers create a localized and controlled drug delivery system that is invisible to the immune system, providing a potential solution for cancer and other diseases. The system uses nanoscale polymer films to slowly release anti-inflammatory drugs, reducing side effects and enhancing treatment efficacy.
A study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that simultaneous implantation of radioactive seeds and chemotherapy wafers following surgery improved patient survival rates for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. The median survival was 69 weeks, with nearly a quarter of patients surviving two years.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have discovered a genetic pathway that makes cancerous leukaemia cells resistant to treatment. Inhibiting this pathway, called hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), reverts the cells to respond to death-inducing agents.
A randomized clinical trial found that adding docetaxel to anthracycline-based chemotherapy improved disease-free survival in breast cancer patients. The study showed a 4% increase in five-year disease-free survival rates, with patients receiving sequential docetaxel after doxorubicin having the best outcomes.
Research from the Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) found that chemotherapy safely reduced recurrence, breast cancer mortality, and death from any cause in women with hormone-resistant breast cancer. The study showed a 10-year risk reduction of 25% in younger women and 39% in women aged 50-69 years.
A large clinical trial found that bevacizumab significantly prolongs progression-free survival for women with recurrent breast cancer when combined with chemotherapy. The study showed a doubling of delay in worsening of the disease and improved remission rates compared to chemotherapy alone.
The study found that anthracycline-based chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival rates more than non-anthracycline-based regimens for women with HER2-positive tumors. However, the treatment showed no significant benefit for patients with HER2-negative breast cancer.
Researchers found that erythropoietin administration can prevent acute cardiotoxic effects induced by chemotherapy agents doxorubicin and trastuzumab. The study suggests that rhEPO may be used to reduce acute cardiotoxic effects during chemotherapy, potentially preventing long-term development of cardiomyopathy.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have produced the first 3D structural images of a DNA-bound Type II topoisomerase, a prime target for antibacterial and anticancer drugs. The study reveals that topo II employs a 'two-gate' mechanism to carry out its tasks, controlling the passage of DNA segments through the enzyme.
A definitive study of 15 randomized trials found that high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation had no overall survival benefit for women with node-positive breast cancer. However, there was a slight benefit in relapse-free survival.
The QUASAR trial found that chemotherapy with fluorouracil and folinic acid reduces the risk of recurrence by 22% and death by 18% in patients with stage II colorectal cancer. The absolute improvements are small, but still significant.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center report that a milder chemotherapy regimen before stem cell transplant resulted in complete remission for 45 of 47 patients with relapsed follicular lymphoma. Long-term follow-up showed improved overall survival and progression-free survival rates.
A Phase III clinical trial shows that patients with relapsed CLL who achieve complete response with oblimersen combination therapy live significantly longer than those treated with chemotherapy alone. The median survival time for oblimersen-treated patients is estimated to exceed 49 months, whereas it was 35 months for those on F/C alone.
Researchers found that nonmyeloablative stem-cell transplant patients have similar outcomes regardless of whether they receive related or unrelated donor cells, with no significant differences in mortality rates. The study suggests that the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and mini-transplant biology may be responsible for the co...
Scientists have developed a retinal flow cytometer that allows for continuous monitoring of circulating cells in a mouse's bloodstream. This technology holds promise for treating multiple myeloma by enabling the testing of chemotherapy agents and treatment strategies.
Bioengineers at Yale have created a new method of drug delivery that effectively targets and treats brain tumors by adding a water-soluble polymer to the anti-cancer drug. This approach has the potential to increase treatment distances, potentially preventing recurrence and improving treatment outcomes.
A new method of administering antiemetic granisetron, subcutaneously, achieves similar blood concentrations as intravenous administration, making it a potential alternative for non-hospitalized patients. The study supports the use of subcutaneous granisetron for treating chemotherapy-induced vomiting.
Researchers found that gene signatures can predict which chemotherapy regimens are most effective for breast cancer patients. The study showed a significant improvement in response rates when using gene signatures to select treatments, suggesting a potential breakthrough in personalized medicine.
Researchers found that simultaneous treatment resulted in a five-year survival rate of 15.1 percent, compared to 10.6 percent with sequential therapy. The study's findings suggest that concurrent chemotherapy and radiation is the new standard of care for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.