Articles tagged with Radiation Therapy
A study by Fox Chase Cancer Center found that prostate cancer patients with intermediate-risk disease do not require long-term androgen deprivation if they receive high-dose radiation above 76 Gy. High doses of radiation were associated with better outcomes in this patient group.
A study by Mitchell Machtay found that correcting anemia does not improve tumor control or survival in head and neck cancer patients. Despite increasing red blood cell count, erythropoietin did not enhance radiation therapy outcomes.
Researchers at Mount Sinai present groundbreaking studies on prostate and breast cancer treatments, identifying genetic predictors for adverse side effects and developing tailored radiotherapy regimens. The studies aim to improve clinical trials and patient outcomes for these devastating diseases.
A new study found that prostate cancer treatment can significantly impact men's quality of life, with both radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy causing declines in sexual function, urinary incontinence, and bowel issues. The study, which followed over 1,100 men with clinically localized prostate cancer, suggests that the treatments d...
A study of over 600 older women with receptor-positive breast tumors found that tamoxifen alone was as effective as radiation therapy in preventing recurrence. The research suggests that radiation may not be necessary for these patients, improving their quality of life and reducing side effects.
Using combination therapies that include 6 months of androgen suppression therapy (AST) alongside radiation therapy (RT) improves survival rates for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer. The study found significantly higher survival rates, lower prostate cancer-specific mortality, and a reduced need for salvage AST in the com...
A randomized clinical trial found that combining six months of hormone therapy with radiation therapy reduced the risk of death from prostate cancer by two-fold. Patients treated with this combination therapy had a lower risk of requiring salvage hormone therapy in the long term.
A new study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine researchers found that combining three therapeutic modalities increases the percentage of high-risk patients who are free from recurrence after five years. A three-pronged approach that included brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy and hormonal therapy produced an 86 percent rate ...
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI), also known as brachytherapy, treats breast cancer with minimal radiation exposure. This technique reduces treatment time to four to five days and improves convenience for women with busy lifestyles or rural locations.
A study using FMISO-PET scans found that high uptake of the tracer correlates with a greater risk of tumor recurrence, while low uptake is associated with a longer survival rate. The technique may enable more precise prediction of therapeutic outcomes and improved patient treatment.
A new standard of care has been established for treating brain metastases, offering improved prognosis and quality of life for patients. Combining radiation therapy with different modalities shows significant benefits in managing this type of cancer.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have identified a protein called Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF-1) as the master switch that enables blood vessels to survive and nourish remaining cancer cells after radiation therapy. By suppressing HIF-1 with experimental drugs, they successfully inhibited tumor growth in animals.
New research reveals that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays a key role in tumor cells' ability to resist radiation therapy. By understanding how this protective response is activated, scientists hope to develop effective treatments to enhance radiation's effectiveness against tumors.
Researchers found a 1.7-fold increase in cardiovascular death among breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy compared to those who didn't. However, the risk was lower for non-irradiated patients, suggesting that breast cancer may have a protective effect on cardiovascular disease.
A recent study has confirmed that women with BRCA breast cancer who undergo conservation surgery and radiotherapy have a lower risk of recurrence compared to those without genetic mutations. The only factor associated with a higher risk of recurrence is young age, according to the researchers.
A study of 501 patients with recurrent prostate cancer found that salvage radiotherapy can be effective for patients with high-grade disease and rapid PSA doubling time, suggesting it may prevent metastatic disease progression. The study's findings support early treatment for these patients, who are at the highest risk of disease spread.
The study found that 97.5% of patients with DCIS underwent surgery, but there is a wide variation in treatment approaches, including the use of mastectomy, radiation therapy, and axillary dissection. The incidence of DCIS increased by 73% between 1992 and 1999, highlighting the need for standardized treatment recommendations.
Proton radiotherapy is being used to treat cancer patients at MPRI with minimal damage to healthy cells. The facility has received $10 million in funding and will be a centerpiece of the life sciences effort in Indiana.
A pooled analysis of 15 clinical trials reveals that radiotherapy significantly reduces breast cancer recurrence and mortality rates after breast-conserving surgery. Women who received radiotherapy had a lower risk of relapse and mortality compared to those who underwent surgery alone.
A study of 33 elderly men with advanced prostate cancer found that external beam radiation therapy was well-tolerated and effective in keeping the cancer at bay. The patients experienced no unusual interruptions in treatment due to illness from radiation, and many remained alive and disease-free for several years.
A study published in Cancer Research found that combining gene therapy and radiation therapy showed significant declines in PSA levels and eliminated cancer in many patients. The novel treatment has shown promise in treating aggressive prostate cancer, but more research is needed before it can be widely adopted.
A study of 85 breast cancer patients reveals low complication rates for reconstruction after radiation therapy, with no major complications in TRAM flap recipients and only 5% of implant patients experiencing major complications. The study also found that TRAM patients had superior cosmetic scores compared to implant recipients.
A 10-year study found high doses of radiation improved outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer, regardless of risk group. Minimal side effects were observed despite higher radiation doses.
A study by Pollack and colleagues finds that a high Ki-67 biomarker is linked to increased risk of distant metastasis and death in prostate cancer patients. The researchers also suggest that Ki-67 can help identify high-risk patients who may benefit from alternative treatment strategies.
A study tested the ASTRO consensus definition of biochemical failure after combined radiation treatment and hormone therapy, finding it may not accurately predict future disease progression. The study suggests that approximately 20-30% of patients will experience biochemical failure but not continued rises in PSA levels
High doses of radiation therapy directed at the prostate significantly impact cancer control in high-risk patients. The major site of treatment failure is the prostate, highlighting the importance of high doses in this group.
A multicentre trial involving 351 patients found that anaemia treatment with epoetin beta did not improve cancer control or survival rates. Instead, patients receiving epoetin beta had a 60% better chance of progression-free survival compared to those given placebo.
Researchers identified specific genetic variations linked to differences in normal tissue radiation damage, potentially allowing for personalized treatment approaches. The study's findings suggest that a person's genetic pattern can predict their tolerance to radiotherapy, enabling more effective treatment and reduced side effects.
A new trial has shown that faster radiotherapy can improve head and neck cancer treatment outcomes, with a 60-70% benefit in tumour control and better voice conservation. The study found that accelerated treatment was linked to high EGFR expression and good tumour differentiation.
A randomised controlled trial found that accelerated radiotherapy improved five-year tumour control by 10% compared to standard radiotherapy, with benefits also seen in patients with laryngeal cancer. The treatment was associated with a small increase in disease-specific survival, but also more acute morbidity.
A study examined whether limited-field radiation therapy could be an effective alternative to whole-breast radiation therapy for patients at low risk of recurrence. The results showed no significant difference in local recurrence rates or overall survival between the two groups after five years of follow-up.
A study of 1700 women found that radiotherapy significantly reduced the risk of recurrent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the same breast by over 60%. However, tamoxifen had no effect on reducing invasive cancer risk. The results suggest that radiotherapy may be beneficial for younger patients with DCIS detected by mammography.
A new study found that chemotherapy and radiotherapy together reduce surgery and removal of the voice box due to cancer recurrence. The combination treatment was associated with a significantly lower rate of surgeries compared to standard therapy or radiotherapy alone.
A new radiotherapy strategy, hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART), has been shown to improve survival rates for lung cancer patients. In a phase III multi-site study, chemotherapy followed by HART resulted in a median survival of 21 months, compared to 12 months with standard radiation therapy.
Researchers genetically inactivated an enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase, to show that damage to endothelial cells is another way radiation kills tumor cells. Tumors without the enzyme were radioresistant, while those with it responded well to low doses of radiation.
Researchers found no difference in life expectancy between single- and multiple-fraction radiotherapy for painful bone metastases. Single-fraction radiotherapy is more cost-effective, with a lower treatment cost of $2,438 compared to $3,311 for multiple-fraction radiotherapy.
The study found that whole-body 18F-FDG PET scanning resulted in a change in treatment plans for 55 patients, avoiding unnecessary irradiation and treatment costs. PET scans also detected previously undiagnosed distant metastases in some cases, sparing patients from futile radiation therapy.
Research suggests that low-grade glioma patients treated with early radiotherapy have impaired cognitive abilities, particularly memory. High doses of radiotherapy (over 2 Gy) exacerbate this effect. The study's findings imply that radiation therapy should be cautiously applied to asymptomatic patients and used in moderation.
Researchers found that combining whole brain radiation with stereotactic radiosurgery improved survival rates by one to two months for patients with single brain metastases. Those with multiple metastases showed some improvement in survival, but not as much, and added medications may further enhance treatment outcomes.
Researchers developed a model predicting increased cancer cure rates by 15-70% using genetic radiotherapy, combining radiation and viral infection. The technique makes tumor cells more sensitive to x-rays, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that adding hormone-suppression therapy to radiotherapy for advanced prostate cancer significantly improved five-year disease-free survival rates. The study involved 415 patients, with those receiving combined therapy showing a substantial increase in overall survival rates.
The Norwegian Cancer Society's project has made significant strides in improving rectal cancer treatment, resulting in a 30% increase in five-year post-operative survival rates since 1999. The project aims to raise quality at hospitals whose results are still not good enough by improving surgery techniques and patient examination prior...
The study found that while the CT and HPET images could be co-registered within 2mm in centrally located tumor inserts, tumor inserts on the peripheral were only 8-10mm due to distortion and resolution loss of HPET images. This made it difficult for a therapist to refine treatment volume using the co-registered HPET/CT images.
Researchers found that blocking ICAM-1 reduced inflammation and fibrosis in lungs treated with radiation. Mice genetically engineered to lack ICAM-1 showed fewer infiltrating leukocytes and less respiratory distress.
Younger women with Hodgkin's Disease are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer after radiotherapy, particularly if they have a family history or underwent splenectomy. Modern treatment methods aim to lower this increased risk.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomised trials shows a 6% increase in one-year survival for patients receiving chemotherapy with radiotherapy compared to those receiving radiotherapy alone. Patients also experience a two-month improvement in average survival time.
A new radiotherapy technique delivered during surgery shows promising results in preventing breast cancer recurrence and improving cosmetic outcomes. The 'one stop shop' approach may be more effective and accessible than traditional treatment, especially for women in developing countries.
A new treatment regimen combining chemotherapy and radiation therapy significantly improved failure-free survival rates for patients with early-stage Hodgkin's disease. The study also found that staging laparotomy could be avoided, leading to better patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a prognostic model for patients with prostate cancer who have returned after surgery, identifying risk factors that predict treatment success. PET scans also showed promise in assessing lung cancer patients' response to radiation therapy.
Researchers found that prostate cancer patients who underwent seed implantation (brachytherapy) experienced more urinary, sexual, and bowel problems compared to those treated with high-quality conformal external-beam radiation. The procedure's invasive nature may contribute to the higher side effects.
Patients face increased risk of cancer progression due to inadequate staffing and technical support for advanced radiation therapies like IMRT and SRT. These high-tech treatments require specialized personnel and equipment, which can lead to longer waiting times and higher healthcare costs.
A pioneering combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy has shown promising results in treating common cancers, including cervical, testicular, ovarian, bladder, and small cell lung cancer. Survival rates have increased by up to 18% with combined treatment, outperforming traditional radiotherapy alone.
A systematic overview of 22 trials found that preoperative radiotherapy reduces local recurrences by half compared to surgery alone, with a third reduction in postoperative radiotherapy. Fewer patients who received preoperative radiotherapy died from rectal cancer, but early deaths increased.
A systematic review of randomised trials found that women treated with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy had an increased survival rate of 12% and reduced local and distant disease recurrence by around 40%. However, toxic side-effects were more common.
A new Mayo Clinic study has found that a widely accepted treatment for Graves' ophthalmopathy shows no benefits in improving symptoms. Researchers conducted a double-blind study and discovered no difference between treated and untreated eyes after three or six months, casting doubt on the effectiveness of this long-used treatment.
A laboratory study found that vitamin E concentrations did not interfere with the killing of cancer cells by radiation therapy. However, the study's limitations mean that the impact on real-world treatment outcomes is unclear.
Women with BRCA 1 or 2 mutations may not have to fear radiation therapy due to no increased incidence of side effects. The study suggests similar recurrence rates and survival after five years, with additional treatment keeping cancer in check.
A new radiation treatment technique targets head and neck tumors while sparing salivary glands, enabling patients to function more normally. Patients who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) experienced improved saliva flow and quality of life compared to conventional radiation therapies.
Researchers at UNC have developed a method to identify hypoxic tumor cells that are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. The pimonidazole hypoxia marker allows scientists to focus on key factors associated with tumor aggressiveness and treatment resistance, offering new avenues for understanding cancer therapy.
A new nomogram developed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center predicts outcomes based on disease factors such as stage, PSA level, and radiation dosage. The tool demonstrates improved accuracy in estimating treatment efficacy compared to existing models.