Articles tagged with Disease Prevention
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found that beer-only drinkers have lower-quality diets and are more likely to be male, younger, smokers, and low income. They also reported the highest total daily caloric intake and lowest level of physical activity compared to other alcohol consumers.
The new NCCN Guidelines for Patients: Quitting Smoking provide critical support and guidance for individuals with cancer seeking to quit smoking. The guidelines offer a fresh perspective and renewed hope, featuring multiple evidence-based options, including nicotine replacement therapy, behavior therapy, and non-nicotine medicines.
According to the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8, primary care clinicians can help patients reduce their risk of heart disease by addressing modifiable risk factors through lifestyle changes and treatment. Despite challenges, research shows that primary care professionals with a higher ratio have lower total costs of ca...
The Ochsner Accountable Care Network achieved its eighth consecutive year of top-ranking results in clinical performance and healthcare savings. The network saved Medicare $30.9 million for over 58,000 beneficiaries in 2023, improving health outcomes while reducing costs.
Researchers identified a genetic weakness in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, allowing them to develop targeted drugs. This technology has the potential to combat other drug-resistant pathogens and prevent their spread.
Researchers have developed a practical calculator to predict the risk of developing epilepsy after cerebral venous thrombosis, a rare cause of stroke. The tool is based on factors already available in clinical routine and can help inform treatment decisions or support preventive medication for those at high risk.
The review highlights the potential of integrating traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and TCM with nutritional science to foster comprehensive healthcare. A balanced diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals supports various bodily functions and prevents chronic illnesses.
Researchers at WVU are developing a hybrid of silver and carbon nanotubes to reduce antibiotic-resistant infections in open bone fractures. The study aims to create a safe and effective antimicrobial material that can be used on various medical products.
Research suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes or weight loss, may lower the risk of heart attack and recurrent stroke in adults who have had an initial stroke. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 adults with ischemic strokes between 2000 and 2022.
A new study found that obesity-related heart disease deaths increased by 180% in the US over two decades, with significant disparities among middle-aged men, Black adults, and residents of Midwestern states. The analysis also revealed unexpected patterns, such as Vermont having the highest death rate for obesity-related CVD deaths.
Researchers found that individuals with chronic kidney disease, Type 2 diabetes, or both are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with the risk predicted to occur up to 28 years earlier than in those without these conditions. The study aimed to better understand the effects of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome on CVD risk.
A new study found that significant year-to-year fluctuations in cholesterol levels without medication changes could indicate an increased risk of developing dementia or cognitive decline. Researchers suggest that reducing cholesterol variability could potentially be a promising therapeutic target for dementia prevention.
The editorial highlights how digital tools improve patient outcomes through better monitoring, individualized care, and seamless communication between patients and healthcare providers. Digital health innovations also address key challenges such as data privacy and accessibility.
A new study found that even moderate amounts of exercise can reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation, a common heart condition. The research, led by NYU Langone Health, used data from over 6,000 participants and showed that those with higher physical activity levels had a lower risk of developing the condition.
A recent study found that online e-cigarette retailers are not consistently adhering to laws aimed at preventing the sale of vaping products to minors. The researchers analyzed 16 attempted purchases and found that 73% were processed and 67% were delivered, with many violating age verification and shipping regulations.
A preliminary study of over 4,000 pregnant individuals found that socioeconomic status during early pregnancy may explain most of the disparities in cardiovascular health among women from different racial and ethnic groups. The study suggests that addressing social determinants of health can help eliminate these disparities.
Scientists are investigating whether resveratrol, a compound found in red grapes, can prevent bowel cancer. The COLO-PREVENT trial is testing multiple potential prevention drugs, including aspirin and metformin, to see if they can slow down tumour growth and reduce the risk of bowel cancer.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic have made significant progress in their novel vaccine aimed at preventing triple-negative breast cancer. The study found that the investigational vaccine was generally well-tolerated and produced an immune response in most patients, with the highest tolerated dose to date identified.
The University of Washington School of Medicine has released a flagship AI-ready dataset for a type 2 diabetes study, featuring a diverse range of participants and novel measures. The dataset includes environmental sensor data, survey responses, eye-imaging scans, and traditional biologic variables.
A recent study published in Stem Cell Reports has found that brief exposure to certain 'danger signals' can prime the body's innate immune system, leading to a long-term hyperreactive and inflammatory state. This mechanism can help fight infections but also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
A geospatial analysis found that areas with more tanning bed facilities experience higher rates of melanoma. The study identified six high-risk clusters and seven low-risk clusters, suggesting a significant association between access to tanning beds and increased melanoma incidence.
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network has updated its guidelines for genetic/familial high-risk assessment, incorporating the latest scientific research and expert recommendations to enhance screening practices and treatment options. The expanded guidelines cover various cancer types and provide guidance on genetic testing, heredit...
Research from an interdisciplinary team at Virginia Tech has shown that sewage surveillance is more efficient and comprehensive than testing individuals in detecting antimicrobial resistance. The study revealed significant correlations between antibiotic resistance genes and socio-economic factors, highlighting the need to address thes...
Researchers identify interleukin-17A as a key regulator of fat storage, carrying implications for addressing obesity and preventing wasting. The discovery highlights the interaction between the immune system and circadian rhythms, which may hold therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders.
The study highlights widening cancer disparities across Human Development Index regions, age, and sex. Strengthening healthcare access and quality is crucial for evidence-based cancer prevention, diagnostics, and care.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation's Capture the Fracture campaign highlights top-performing Fracture Liaison Services that deliver gold-standard care. These services prioritize continuous care, tailored treatment plans, and teamwork to reduce secondary fractures and improve patient outcomes.
A new study by the University of Exeter and Wageningen found that Asaia bacteria accelerate the development of mosquito larvae, potentially boosting mass-rearing schemes. This could lead to more effective global health programmes against diseases like dengue, yellow fever, and Zika.
A cohort study found that hospital COVID-19 burden was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital adverse effects among patients with and without COVID-19. The results highlight the importance of hospitals having greater resilience and surge capacity to prevent declines in patient safety during surges in demand.
A Johns Hopkins study found that adding digital feedback to traditional health counseling for parents improves healthy growth in young children. The study, which used text messages and a web-based dashboard, reduced obesity rates in the first two years of life.
Researchers found that expanded screening protocols identified eight cases of Candida auris that would have gone undiagnosed, enabling prompt isolation and disinfection precautions. The new approach promotes early detection and targeted precautions to reduce hospital outbreaks.
Upgrading home insulation can lower medical bills and extend healthy lives by reducing blood pressure and CVD risk. Simulations showed that upgrading or retrofitting insulation is cost-effective for many homeowners, with significant health benefits justifying the costs.
Researchers at Kumamoto University identified G-quadruplexes as a central role in promoting alpha-synuclein aggregation, leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibiting G4 assembly may prevent the onset of synucleopathies and position it as a promising target for early intervention.
A new study published in the American Journal of Infection Control finds that expanding hospital screening for Candida auris to high-risk patients detects more cases early, preventing hospital outbreaks. This approach identifies eight additional patients who would have been missed by previous protocols.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a new cancer mechanism that prevents the immune system from attacking tumors. The discovery was made by reversing this mechanism, which stimulates the immune system to fight cancer cells, including those resistant to prevailing forms of immunotherapy.
A comprehensive review of global evidence highlights the devastating effects of family violence on mental and physical well-being. The study, involving over 3 million individuals, reveals a strong connection between family violence and various adverse health outcomes.
The Prevention Research Center of Michigan is expanding community-academic partnerships to tackle vacant lots and create safer neighborhoods. The project aims to reduce crime, boost social capital, and increase physical activity opportunities for African American and Latino adults in Flint.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of cardia gastric cancer in Asian countries, with stronger associations observed in East Asia. The study suggests that H. pylori infection is a major risk factor for CGC in this region.
Elevated body mass index (BMI) was associated with a significantly increased post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk. The study highlights the need for targeted care to prevent chronic conditions in at-risk children and young adults.
The school aims to implement evidence-based practice and reduce antibiotic misuse in pediatric populations. The PCORI funding will support work with physicians, families, and providers to delay unnecessary antibiotics.
A team of researchers at the University of Toronto has developed a rapid screening system to identify compounds that can stop the growth of amyloid proteins. The study found 40 compounds that demonstrate the ability to inhibit amyloid formation, providing a promising lead for future disease treatments.
A comprehensive study examining over 16,000 necropsy records from 292 vertebrate species found significant differences in cancer prevalence. Cancer rates increase with body size and cellular mutation rates but decrease with longer gestation periods.
The Colorectal Cancer Alliance's Project Cure CRC has awarded nearly $5 million in research grants to advance urgent science in colorectal cancer. Recent awardees are working on topics such as radioimmunotherapy, CRISPR technology, and the protein drug ProAgio to better understand and treat this disease.
Gladstone researchers have identified a complex molecular connection between immune cells and fibroblasts that contributes to fibrosis in the heart, which may lead to new treatments for heart disease and other fibrotic conditions.
A recent study found a strong association between floor swabs and COVID-19 cases and outbreaks in two Ontario hospitals. The researchers observed a 15-fold increase in patient cases for every 10-fold increase in viral matter detected on the floor.
Researchers used a mouse model to assess the impact of senolytic agents dasatinib and quercetin on pelvic organ prolapse. The study found that D+Q injections did not result in significant differences in prolapse development but reduced cellular senescence markers.
A new clinical guideline from the American Stroke Association outlines strategies to support brain health and prevent stroke throughout a person's lifespan. The guideline recommends regular health screenings, identifying risk factors, lifestyle interventions, and medications to reduce the risk of a first stroke.
A McGill University study reveals that vitamin D deficiency early in life can lead to a higher risk of autoimmune diseases like Type 1 diabetes. The research found that an aging thymus causes the immune system to become less effective, increasing the risk of misdirected immune cells attacking healthy tissues.
Researchers found that using valacyclovir for a year can decrease the risk of new or worsening eye disease and prevent vision loss associated with shingles. The study, which enrolled over 500 participants, showed that this treatment reduced the risk of complications by 30%.
A special issue of the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics reviews the history of the Women's Health Initiative, which has contributed significantly to the science of nutrition. The initiative's findings have led to a reduction in breast cancer cases and improved blood lipid management among postmenopausal women.
Experts from The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response urge leaders to take action against Mpox, a more dangerous virus now spreading across borders. The previous outbreak was neglected, highlighting the need for increased investment and cooperation to prevent further harm and global spread.
A study at Boston Children's Hospital highlights the complexity of infection prevention and control measures in pediatric healthcare. The conventional method of calculating IP staffing needs does not accurately reflect the current demands of healthcare systems or pediatric patients, leading to a shortage of resources.
New research confirms that young adults are at risk for large vessel occlusion acute ischemic strokes, which were previously thought to occur mainly in older adults. The study found that nearly 20% of a cohort of 1,200 young adult patients had these strokes, highlighting the need for regular check-ups and prompt treatment.
A new app has tracked travel-related illnesses globally, showing that travelers experience health issues more often than expected. The Illness Tracking in Travellers (ITIT) app recorded gastrointestinal symptoms most frequently among Asian travelers and respiratory diseases in Europe.
A new report argues that countries can cut premature mortality in half by 2050 through targeted health investments. By prioritizing the 15 health conditions causing most premature deaths and implementing public subsidies for essential medicines and diagnostics, nations can achieve this goal.
A new study published in the American Journal of Infection Control found that nearly 4 in 5 hospitals are not staffed at sufficient levels to keep patients safe from preventable infections. The study highlights the need for customized infection prevention staffing recommendations, which can be provided by an online calculator tool.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that weight-loss surgery reduces pancreatic cancer risk among individuals with obesity by 44%, and among those with both obesity and type 2 diabetes by 79%. The study suggests that metabolic-bariatric surgery may play a crucial role in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer.
A new study found that COVID-19 infection increased the risk of heart attack and stroke for up to three years after infection. The risk was higher among people with A, B or AB blood types compared to type O, according to researchers analyzing data in the UK Biobank.
A new supplement celebrating the 100th volume of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease presents insights into the state of art in AD research. Recent advancements in geroscience have led to the development of preventive medical strategies targeting aging, holding promise for reducing disease risk.
A recent study found that smokers report higher rates of chronic pain, poor mental health, and severe work limitations due to pain. Quitting smoking can reduce prescription opioid use and associated health problems, emphasizing the need for integrated treatment programs.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that quitting smoking even at 75 can significantly increase life expectancy. The research showed that older individuals who quit smoking can avoid an average loss of 4-9 years of life, with some regaining up to 8 years or more.