Articles tagged with Cell Apoptosis
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The PUMA protein coordinates the cell-suicide activities of p53 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Researchers discovered that PUMA frees p53 from Bcl-xL, triggering a series of signals on mitochondria that leads to apoptosis. This finding solves the puzzle of why p53 activity occurs in both the nucleus and cytoplasm during apoptosis.
Researchers found that the fatty acid DHA decreases levels of Abeta peptides associated with Alzheimer disease and upregulates neuroprotectin D1, an endogenous messenger inhibiting apoptosis triggered by these peptides. Additionally, studies revealed beryllium-specific T cells determine immune responses in exposed workers and apoptosis...
Researchers discovered a mitochondrial protein, MAVS, that activates immune response against viral infections. Cells without MAVS are vulnerable to virus, while those with excess MAVS resist infection.
Mutations in genes NF1, c-RET, SDH, and VHL interfere with apoptosis, allowing cancerous cells to evade developmental cell death. This can lead to increased risk of pheochromocytoma and other pediatric tumors.
A new study links aging to genetic mutations in mitochondria, accelerating cell death and critical organ failure. Researchers found that accumulated mitochondrial DNA damage triggers cell death, leading to symptoms like hair loss, weight loss and vision impairment.
A new UF study suggests that mitochondrial mutations leading to programmed cell death could be a central mechanism driving aging in mammals. The research finds no correlation between oxidative stress and increased mortality, contradicting the previously believed 'vicious cycle' theory of aging.
Researchers have found curcumin to be an effective compound in reducing cell viability and inducing apoptosis in melanoma cell lines. The study reveals that curcumin suppresses specific proteins involved in preventing apoptosis, suggesting its potential as a potent anti-cancer agent.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a master switch in cell death, which can help control tumor formation and potentially lead to new cancer treatments. The enzyme Mule destroys a key molecule that regulates apoptosis, allowing for the degradation of proteins that control cell death.
Scientists at Salk Institute created a mouse model to study p53 regulation in vivo, finding that chemical modifications are not essential for protein activation under stress or normal conditions. The research has implications for cancer treatment and the development of specific drugs targeting p53's negative regulators.
Scientists at the University of Manchester studied the mating behaviour of dusky roaches to understand the mechanisms behind age-related decline in female fertility. The research suggests a natural biochemical reaction is to blame, where perfectly healthy eggs begin to die due to delayed reproduction.
Plant cells use programmed cell death to protect against viruses, but this process must be controlled to avoid killing the plant. Researchers found that silencing a specific gene, BECLIN-1, helps regulate PCD and prevent infection from spreading.
Researchers develop vaccine targeting the local tumor microenvironment to improve systemic anti-tumor immunity in metastatic melanoma patients. The study shows promising results with partial responses and improved survival rates in some patients.
Researchers found that HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) can inhibit programmed cell death in mouse models with hepatitis, shock, and stroke. PIs maintain mitochondrial integrity to prevent apoptosis, suggesting potential uses for related compounds in non-HIV disorders.
The Bcl-2 family of proteins regulates apoptosis and cell death in response to various cellular stressors. Members of this family include anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, which inhibit caspase activation and promote cell survival.
A comparative genetic study by Cornell University researchers found that some genetic mutations in human sperm cells may allow them to avoid early death and reproduce, but also increase the risk of cancer. The study suggests that these mutations could have led to a positive selection advantage, making humans more prone to cancer.
Researchers analyzed how neutrophils respond to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-borne bacterium that causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in humans. The study found that A. phagocytophilum can delay apoptosis in human neutrophils, allowing bacteria to replicate and cause infection.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory investigate the concept of return to normalcy in genetic systems. They uncover new insights into how cells can re-establish normal gene expression after perturbations.
Researchers discovered that adding growth factor EGF to formula reduces NEC incidence by 50% compared to animals fed formula alone. This could be a preventative measure for NEC in human babies.
Researchers discovered BIM accumulation is crucial for paclitaxel-induced apoptosis, while H-ras/MAPK pathway suppresses it. Cotreatment with proteosome inhibitors restored BIM accumulation, enabling tumor regression. This study highlights the importance of understanding signaling mechanisms to guide rational combination therapy.
The study shows that blocking CK2 activity makes cancer cells sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, a promising strategy for treating colorectal cancer and other solid tumors. Researchers used a CK2-inhibitor or short hairpin RNA to block CK2 activity, sensitizing cancer cells to TRAIL and inducing cell death.
A new study reveals that Mcl-1 protein is essential for the survival of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which can contribute to poor leukemia outcomes. The research suggests that interfering with this protein may improve leukemia treatment options.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have discovered a protein called CD36 that may play a key role in the development of diabetic kidney disease. The study found that CD36 is present in specific cells and can trigger self-directed cell death or apoptosis, leading to progressive kidney failure.
Researchers found that leukemia cells overexpress Lyn enzyme, allowing them to evade apoptosis. Inhibiting Lyn activity restored normal cell death processes and decreased malignant cell growth.
Dr. Du's research reveals that Bruce regulates p53 and the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, increasing cells' sensitivity to cell death. The findings have implications for treating certain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discover how the hepatitis virus's X protein influences liver cell behavior, potentially leading to alternative cancer therapies. The protein's presence in patients' livers could be harnessed to target only cancerous cells.
Research by Texas Agricultural Experiment Station scientists has shown that citrus compounds called limonoids targeted and stopped neuroblastoma cells in the lab. The finding is promising not only for its potential to arrest cancer but also because limonoids induce no side effects, according to Dr. Ed Harris.
A new study of pesticide applicators found an increased incidence of lung cancer associated with chlorpyrifos exposure. Meanwhile, research on celecoxib-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells and the molecular mechanism of DNA repair proteins' relation to malignant melanoma are also reported.
Scientists find that ferritin heavy chain (FHC) induces apoptosis prevention by sequestering iron, reducing oxygen radical accumulation. This mechanism regulates NF-kB's immune response, potentially preventing chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
Researchers uncover the complexities of autophagy, a process that can promote or prevent cancer, depending on its timing. Autophagy also plays a crucial role in fighting infection and may hold clues to the mythical fountain of youth.
Researchers discovered tPA's toxic effects on brain cells and blood vessels, leading to devastating brain injuries. A compound called APC counters these harmful effects, showing promise for improved stroke therapy.
A new study reveals that sanguinarine enhances protein production inducing cell death and restricts pro-proliferation proteins, potentially protecting against UV radiation-induced skin cancer. Topical application of sanguinarine with sunscreen may also be effective in preventing skin cancer.
Researchers have identified a new tumor progression pathway where mitochondrial survivin plays a crucial role in inhibiting apoptosis and promoting tumorigenesis. Survivin is a protein that helps cancer cells survive and proliferate, leading to the development of new tumors.
Researchers have discovered a key plant protein, VPEg, that plays a crucial role in defending plants against various pathogens by activating programmed cell death pathways. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of how plants control cell death and may lead to new strategies for improving crop resistance.
Researchers discover that apoptotic cells induce compensatory proliferation in fruit fly tissue, promoting cell growth through specific signaling cascades. This phenomenon has implications for understanding cancer and hyperplasia, highlighting the importance of regulating apoptosis.
Researchers from UC Davis uncover the mechanism of mitochondrial fusion, a normal process that can lead to programmed cell death if disrupted. The study sheds light on two neurodegenerative diseases affecting nerve cells in the eyes and limbs.
A new class of compounds has been discovered to mimic the function of a protein called Smac, which promotes apoptosis in cancer cells. The compounds, known as Compound 3, were found to be effective at extremely low concentrations and showed potential as an anti-cancer therapy.
Researchers stiffened a critical protein 'death domain' to target and destroy leukemia cells, showing promise for novel cancer treatments. The approach uses natural sequences to develop highly specific drugs, potentially unlocking new therapies.
Pulmonary fibrosis occurs when normal lung tissue is replaced with thick scar tissue, impairing oxygen flow. Researchers have discovered that TGF-beta causes apoptosis in epithelial cells before fibrosis develops, paving the way for potential treatments by blocking cell death.
Researchers have identified novel compounds that show promise in treating neuroblastoma and glucose-deprived tumors, while also developing new assays to measure the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Additionally, scientists outline best methods for determining the health benefits of diet and exercise.
Researchers found that IKK beta deletion in epithelial cells decreases cancer incidence and tumor growth in mice by up to 80%. In myeloid cells, IKK beta deletion also reduces pro-inflammatory molecule expression, leading to smaller tumors. This study establishes the role of IKK beta in inflammation-associated tumor promotion.
Researchers at SLU have identified the first gene regulating programmed cell death in plant embryos, revealing a previously unknown mechanism. This discovery has significant implications for plant breeding and forestry, as it may help increase production and bolster resistance in plants.
Dr. Xiaodong Wang, a professor of biochemistry at UT Southwestern Medical Center, has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences for his groundbreaking research on cell death and apoptosis. His discoveries could lead to treatments for cancer and neurological diseases.
A study by Dr. Terri H. Finkel and colleagues identifies a gene called HALP that plays a crucial role in protecting HIV-infected cells from apoptosis. The discovery may provide clues for new treatments, including ways to prevent latent infection.
A combination of two existing drugs, rapamycin and doxorubicin, was found to be effective in treating cancer by restoring a natural cell death mechanism and triggering programmed cell death. The treatment led to complete remission in mouse models of B-cell lymphoma.
Dr. Soskolne has made significant contributions to scientific literature in the fields of oral pathology, bone physiology, and the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. He developed an organ-culture model for studying bone remodeling, which has been used extensively to study bone physiology.
Researchers found that elevated levels of protein MUC1 in human tumors reduce apoptosis signals and confer resistance to anticancer agents. Reducing MUC1 increases sensitivity to these drugs, suggesting it as a potential target for future cancer therapeutics.
Researchers have discovered that a compound used to treat sepsis also protects vital brain cells from programmed cell death. The finding opens the possibility of creating a new compound with similar effects without increased bleeding side effects.
Dr. Korsmeyer's work on BCL-2 identified its role in blocking cell death and established a mammalian apoptotic pathway. His research has significantly impacted cancer treatment and our understanding of biology and medicine.
Penn scientists use gene-transfer technology to insert extra MRSA into cells, leading to increased protection against oxidative stress and potential treatment for diseases related to aging and the heart. The study's findings suggest that boosting MSRA levels may prevent cell apoptosis and treat disease.
Researchers found that multiple caspases and regulators are required for proper sperm formation in fruitflies, highlighting a non-apoptotic process. This discovery could provide insights into male infertility and suggest possible treatments.
Scientists at Cornell University discovered a key player in plant immunity, the salicylic acid-binding protein 2 (SABP2) gene, which enables plants to fight off diseases by inducing programmed cell death. This finding offers new strategies for boosting natural defenses and reducing pesticide use.
A new compound has been found to selectively kill cancerous cells while leaving healthy white blood cells intact. The compound, called 13-D, induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-3 and causing cell shrinkage, a desirable outcome as it reduces the risk of side effects.
Researchers found that levels of apoptotic endothelial cells in lupus patients correlated with their vascular function and symptoms, suggesting a high risk of heart disease. The study suggests that lupus patients' heightened heart risk may be due to the rapid death and slow replacement of endothelial cells.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered that PUMA is the primary mediator of cell death in response to p53 signals, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. The study provides critical insights into how cancer disrupts a failsafe mechanism that kills abnormal cells, and offers potential new therapy targets.
Researchers found that EPO reduced programmed cell death in heart cells, leading to smaller infarcts and increased heart function. The study suggests that EPO may offer novel protection against ischemic events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Researchers have developed a new test that can identify patients who may suffer serious late toxicity from radiotherapy. The test uses T-lymphocyte apoptosis to predict the risk of late toxicity and can help stratify patients for more aggressive treatment, resulting in improved cancer control with reduced side effects.
Scientists discover 'synoviolin', an enzyme that contributes to RA progression by over-growing synovial cells. Reducing synoviolin levels could halt joint destruction, offering new insights into RA etiology and innovative therapies.
Scientists at Wake Forest are studying the genetic defects that allow cancer cells to resist cell death, in hopes of developing new treatments. They will use normal cells converted into cancer cells through controlled mutations to understand how resistance occurs.
A Northwestern University team created a compound that inhibits death-associated protein kinase, reducing brain cell death after injury or stroke. The treatment has shown protection for up to six hours post-injury and can last for weeks.
Consuming phytoestrogens found in plant foods like soy is associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer. Imiquimod has been shown to induce apoptosis in skin cancer cells, while an integrin polymorphism may increase cancer progression. The study on breast cancer survivors also found increased numbers of circulating T lymphocytes.