Articles tagged with Stomach
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new robot system developed by Dmitry Oleynikov and colleagues enables surgeons to visualize the abdominal cavity using minimal incisions, allowing for less trauma and potentially reducing scars. The device is controlled from a console and can be inserted through small incisions, allowing for more flexibility in surgical procedures.
Researchers explore new and existing obesity surgery options, including the use of endoscopic suturing kits to reduce stomach size and improve weight loss outcomes. The study found that vertical gastroplasty was the best bariatric operation for older patients, resulting in significant weight loss with minimal complications.
A multicenter study found that esomeprazole maintained a pH of greater than 4.0 for 17.8 hours, while lansoprazole and pantoprazole did not match this duration. The study also showed that long-term NSAID use increases the risk of stomach ulcers.
A novel sensor has been developed to detect gastrointestinal problems by measuring acid levels in the stomach. The sensor, created by Sebastiaan Herber, is small enough to fit inside a catheter and can provide early diagnosis of conditions like ischemia, which can cause pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.
A recent study published in Developmental Cell reveals a crucial molecular pathway involved in the development of precancerous stomach lesions, which could lead to improved diagnosis and prevention strategies. The research, conducted by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists, identified a key player in this signaling pathway as a tran...
Researchers found that chronic gastritis can progress to gastric cancer in mice with abnormally low levels of gastrin. The study identified key genes and molecular changes involved in the development of human gastric cancer.
Researchers found that chronic Helicobacter pylori infection leads to the death of normal stomach cells, prompting bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDCs) to arrive and transform into cancer cells. This discovery may aid in early diagnosis and treatment targeting BMDCs.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori bacteria can stick to stomach cells, allowing them to survive a strong immune response. By recombining DNA from two related genes, the bacteria can create a functional BabA gene, enabling it to bind tightly to Lewis B receptors.
Researchers found that a specific glycoprotein, O-glycans capped with alpha 1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine, blocks H. pylori's ability to synthesize cholesterol, leading to cell death and potential treatment for stomach ulcers and cancer. The study suggests a natural defense mechanism against H. pylori infection.
Researchers found that babA protein, used by virulent H. pylori strains, has lost flexibility to bind to multiple blood types due to adaptation in Latin American populations. This discovery may lead to new approaches to prevent or decrease infections.
A study published in Archives of Surgery found that patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery experienced significant declines in ghrelin levels, a hormone that stimulates appetite. The findings suggest that complete division of the stomach contributes to this decline and may play a key role in weight loss.
The flexible transgastric peritoneoscopy procedure uses a mini-telescope and specialized tools to repair abdominal organs without cutting through the skin or muscle. This new technique may revolutionize surgery by reducing recovery time and scarring.
Researchers found that female penguins have significantly more mollusk shells in their stomachs than males before laying eggs, providing a slow-calcium release. The thick eggshells are crucial for protecting eggs from breakage and predation, particularly in large colonies.
The Northwestern Memorial Hospital is testing a stomach 'pacemaker' system that reduces hunger and helps obese patients lose weight. The system, manufactured by Transneuronix, uses electrical stimulation to induce feelings of fullness.
A recent study has revealed that bacteria do indeed inhabit the esophagus, with researchers discovering over 95 species of microbes in healthy tissue. The findings have significant implications for treating diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and may one day lead to new treatments using antibiotics.
Cardiff University scientists have developed a new method to identify the prey spiders eat by analyzing their stomach contents using DNA. This technique shows that money spiders prefer certain species of springtails, which could lead to better control of aphids and boost spider populations.
A study of patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass found significant complications and increased risk of obesity-related health issues. The procedure requires major lifestyle changes and can be fraught with complications, highlighting the importance of weighing risks and benefits before surgery.
A study of 53 patients with persistent symptoms after laparoscopic fundoplication found that barium studies were effective in detecting complications, including unwrapping and hernias. The findings suggest that barium studies should be the first step in diagnosing complications from reflux disease surgery.
A University of Pittsburgh study found significant imbalance in bone turnover among post-operative patients undergoing stomach-reduction surgery, resulting in up to an 8% drop in bone density. The researchers suggest that major weight loss requires ongoing calcium and vitamin supplementation for bone health.
Dr. Jennifer Specker's three-year grant researches how cortisol and thyroid hormones regulate stomach development in summer flounder, a process influenced by environmental changes. The study aims to understand the relationship between fish, environment, and climate change.
A study by Dr. Ninh T. Nguyen found that surgeons with over 75 procedures performed laparoscopic gastric bypass had fewer complications, shorter hospital stays, and reduced operative times. Patients who were male or older were more susceptible to postoperative problems.
A virtual stomach simulation reveals how pills break down and release medication in the stomach, with key findings including three distinct zones and effects of buoyancy on mixing and drug release. The technology aims to improve extended-release tablet formulations and shed light on diseases involving stomach motility.
Researchers found that Helicobacter pylori infection leads to mild inflammation, triggering the production of sialyl-di-Lewis x sugar molecule on stomach cells. The bacteria then latch onto this molecule using a previously unknown adhesin protein, worsening inflammation and increasing survival chances.
Researchers found that fundoplication surgery, used to treat chronic heartburn, improves lung function and has a positive effect on bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in lung transplant patients. The procedure prevents gastric acids from splashing up the esophagus and into the lungs.
Researchers found that gastric juices can accumulate in the middle ear, causing inflammation and secondary bacterial colonisation. The study suggests that anti-reflux treatment could prevent otitis media with effusion, a common problem in young children.
A new study by Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers suggests that bacterial overgrowth, rather than stomach acidity, may be a major cause of stomach ulcers. The study found that proton pump inhibitors can actually promote the growth of other types of bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus.
Researchers found that inhibiting acid production made stomachs more vulnerable to bacterial invasion and gastritis. The study suggests that antibiotics are the best way to kill bacteria causing gastritis and eliminate inflammation. Inhibiting acid production can actually trigger an inflammatory response, making gastritis worse.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that diets high in red meat, such as high meat or high milk diets, are associated with a higher risk of stomach and esophageal cancers. Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may help reduce this risk.
A recent meta-analysis shows a three to sixfold increased risk of non-cardia stomach cancer in H.pylori positive individuals. This suggests that at least half of all non-cardia cancer cases can be attributable to the infection, with potentially much more.
A sports nutrition program has been adopted by top US women's heptathlon athletes, credited with improving performance and hydration. The program emphasizes fluid replacement and eating small, frequent meals to optimize fuel for high-intensity exercises.