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Life Sciences

Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.

447,757 articles | 2542 topics

Health and Medicine

Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.

431,843 articles | 751 topics

Social Sciences

Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.

260,756 articles | 745 topics

Physical Sciences

Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.

257,913 articles | 1552 topics

Applied Sciences and Engineering

Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.

225,386 articles | 998 topics

Scientific Community

Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.

193,043 articles | 157 topics

Space Sciences

Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.

29,662 articles | 175 topics

Research Methods

Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.

21,889 articles | 139 topics

Mathematics

Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.

3,023 articles | 113 topics

NASA eyes Hurricane Michael moving inland

Hurricane Michael has moved inland, with NASA tracking its movement and predicting heavy rainfall. The storm is expected to produce life-threatening flash floods in the Mid-Atlantic States and coastal southern New England.

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NASA finds Nadine a compact tropical storm

Tropical Storm Nadine is a small storm with tightly circling clouds, extending wind up to 80 miles from its center. The storm is forecast to move northwest and weaken by tomorrow, eventually dissipating over the weekend.

NASA sees Atlantic's Leslie become a hurricane

Hurricane Leslie has formed in the Atlantic with strong storms circling its center, revealing temperatures as low as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The National Hurricane Center forecasts some additional strengthening over the next day or so, with a northward motion expected to begin tonight.

NASA checks out Hurricane Sergio's cloud temperature

NASA's Aqua satellite observed Hurricane Sergio with infrared light, revealing warmer cloud top temperatures on the western half of the storm. This indicates weakening of the storm's uplift, but a well-defined inner-core remains despite slow weakening.

NASA's Aqua satellite sees Hurricane Michael strengthening

Hurricane Michael continues to strengthen with maximum sustained winds reaching near 100 mph, forecasters predict a major hurricane upon landfall in Florida. The storm's center is expected to move across the eastern Gulf of Mexico and inland over the Florida Panhandle on Wednesday.

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NASA gets Tropical Storm Leslie by the tail

Tropical Storm Leslie is expected to strengthen and potentially merge with an elongated area of low pressure. The storm has become more embedded within its cold cloud tops, indicating further strengthening.

NASA investigated rainfall in Hurricane Michael as it was developing

NASA analyzed rainfall and structure of Hurricane Michael as it developed, forecasting a major hurricane for Florida landfall. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission revealed intense rainfall accumulation totals over the Caribbean Sea, with estimates reaching 12.6 inches in some areas.

NASA takes powerful Hurricane Sergio's temperature

NASA's Aqua satellite gathered infrared light data showing Category 4 hurricane Sergio's intense cloud tops, which are colder than -87°F (-66.1°C), indicating a stronger storm. The National Hurricane Center forecasts little change in strength, but gradual weakening starting Friday.

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NASA sees powerful storms circling major Hurricane Sergio's eye

NASA's Aqua satellite captured infrared data on Hurricane Sergio, revealing strong thunderstorms with cloud tops as cold as -80°F. The storm is a category 3 hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 115 mph, forecast to strengthen then weaken over the next few days.

NASA peers into the large clear eye of Hurricane Walaka

Hurricane Walaka is intensifying as a category 4 storm, with cloud top temperatures indicating strong thunderstorms capable of heavy rain. The hurricane is expected to turn toward the north-northeast with a faster forward motion, bringing powerful winds and potential weakening.

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NASA sees Atlantic's Leslie become a hurricane

NASA's Aqua satellite captured infrared data showing Hurricane Leslie's strongest thunderstorms were fragmented and circling the center at minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The National Hurricane Center forecasts the hurricane will remain within favorable environmental conditions, allowing it to strengthen further.

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NASA sees Walaka becoming a powerful Hurricane

Hurricane Walaka strengthened into a powerful hurricane with intense convective storms and rainfall rates of up to 6.5 inches per hour. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission's data revealed a well-organized storm with rapid intensification forecasted through Tuesday.

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Experiencing extreme weather is not enough to convince climate change skeptics

A study found that experiencing extreme weather does not necessarily convince climate change sceptics of human impact. Instead, partisan news reporting and personal views play a significant role in shaping perceptions. The research suggests that media coverage can have a greater effect on people's beliefs than actual weather events.

NASA looks at Tropical Storm Kirk's Caribbean rainfall

Tropical Storm Kirk brought intense rain to the Leeward Islands on September 28, with the heaviest downpours recorded near its center. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected hourly rainfall rates of up to 4 inches per hour, posing a risk of life-threatening flash floods and mudslides.

NASA looks at major Hurricane Rosa's water vapor concentration

Hurricane Rosa's high water vapor content and cold cloud top temperatures indicate its potential for heavy rainfall, with the eye featuring a ring of storms around a 20 nautical mile-wide area. The storm is currently a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.

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NASA's close up of Hurricane Rosa shows hint of an eye

Hurricane Rosa shows a cloud-filled eye with two wrapping thunderstorm bands. The National Hurricane Center notes a defined eye structure beneath the overcast. Rosa is expected to strengthen and weaken before landfall in Baja California on Oct. 2.

What drove the unusually intense hurricane season in 2017?

A study suggests that a warmer tropical Atlantic and increased greenhouse gas concentrations may have driven the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. The researchers predict higher numbers of major hurricanes in future seasons, with a continued risk over the Caribbean, US Coast, and northern North Atlantic.

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NASA gets a final look at Leslie as a subtropical storm

NASA analyzed Subtropical Storm Leslie transitioning to a post-tropical storm with infrared satellite data, revealing strong storms with cold cloud top temperatures that can generate heavy rainfall. The western quadrant was suppressed by dry air, while the eastern and southeastern regions experienced stronger thunderstorms.

Puerto Rico, one year later

Chemists in Puerto Rico remained resilient and united after Hurricane Maria, causing a humanitarian crisis and billions of dollars in damage. The storm impacted the pharmaceutical industry, academic institutions, and environmental health, with researchers studying the effects on water and air quality.

NASA finds Tropical Depression Joyce continues to lose it

Tropical Depression Joyce continues to lose its organization due to drier air moving into the depression. The National Hurricane Center forecasts it to weaken over the next 48 hours before potentially becoming a remnant low tonight or Tuesday.

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NASA-NOAA satellite sees land-falling Hurricane Florence

Hurricane Florence made landfall near Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, bringing estimated maximum winds of 90 mph and a minimum central pressure estimate of 958 millibars. The storm's infrared imagery showed the power and extent of its massive storm system.

How journalists become first responders during a natural disaster

Researchers from Michigan State University are studying how journalists became first responders during Hurricane Maria, transforming news stations into community centers for refugees. The team aims to analyze why infrastructure failed and provide policy recommendations for effective crisis communication.

NASA sees dangerous Super Typhoon Mangkhut, eyeing the Philippines

NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captures a visible image of Mangkhut, showing a symmetrical storm with a clear eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center reports maximum sustained winds near 167 mph, forecast to pass over Luzon as a category 5 equivalent typhoon.

NASA satellite analyzes powerful super Typhoon Mangkhut

NASA's Aqua satellite revealed a large eye surrounded by powerful storms in Typhoon Mangkhut, which could generate heavy rainfall due to cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 80F. The storm made landfall along the northeast coast of Luzon, Philippines on Sept. 14, with warnings already in effect.

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NASA sees Hurricane Helene decoupled by wind shear

Hurricane Helene is decoupling from wind shear due to southwesterly vertical wind shear, pushing the bulk of the storm away from its rotating center. The NHC expects wind shear to increase on Sept 13, potentially weakening the storm further.

NASA-NOAA satellite analyzes rainmaker Hurricane Florence

Hurricane Florence is approximately 400 miles in diameter, with cloud top temperatures of -80F indicating heavy rainfall capability. The storm has the potential to produce extremely dangerous conditions, including life-threatening storm surges and rainfall exceeding 20 inches in coastal North Carolina.

NASA looks at Hurricane Helene's water vapor concentration

Scientists monitored hurricane water vapor to gauge potential for intense rainfall; analysis shows coldest cloud top temperatures reaching -70 degrees Fahrenheit. Forecasts predict storm weakening and shifting trajectory over the next few days.

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NASA finds wind shear pushing on Tropical Storm Isaac's center

Tropical Storm Isaac's circulation center has shifted away from the bulk of clouds and precipitation, indicating wind shear is at play. NASA satellite data reveals a vertically stacked system of rotating winds, with wind shear pushing against the storm, weakening its rotation and balance.

NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP Satellite stares Helene in the eye

The Suomi NPP satellite provided a visible image of Hurricane Helene's eye on September 10, measuring approximately 20 nautical miles in width. The storm showed signs of strengthening with strong thunderstorms and cold cloud tops before expected weakening on September 12.

NASA satellite finds Hurricane Florence undergoing eyewall replacement

NASA's Aqua satellite observed Hurricane Florence undergoing an eyewall replacement cycle, which may lead to increased rainfall and storm intensity. The storm is expected to make landfall in North Carolina or South Carolina on Thursday, September 13, with severe weather warnings already in effect.

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NASA sees Hurricane Olivia moving toward Hawaii

Hurricane Olivia is expected to bring heavy rainfall and strong winds to the Hawaiian Islands as it moves towards the state. The storm's cloud tops have temperatures near minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, capable of generating heavy rainfall.

NASA covers Hurricane Isaac's ragged center

NASA's Aqua satellite detected a thick ring of powerful storms around Hurricane Isaac's central dense overcast, with coldest cloud tops reaching minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to strengthen over the next day or two before weakening by the middle of the week.

NASA tracking Hurricane Olivia's track toward Hawaii

Hurricane Olivia is expected to affect Hawaii with strong winds and heavy rainfall, according to NASA. The Central Pacific Hurricane Center has issued Tropical Storm Warnings for Maui County and a Tropical Storm Watch for Oahu.

NASA finds wind shear affecting Tropical Storm Paul

Tropical Storm Paul is experiencing wind shear, displacing its strongest storms from the center. This displacement has led to a lack of well-organized convection and minimal banding features, according to the National Hurricane Center. As a result, weakening is forecast, and Paul is expected to become a remnant low in a few days.

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NASA satellites show Hurricane Florence strengthening

Hurricane Florence's maximum sustained winds have increased to near 115 mph, making it a category 3 hurricane. Satellite data reveal powerful thunderstorms with cloud tops as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, capable of generating heavy rainfall.

NASA sees an organized Hurricane Helene near Africa

Hurricane Helene has strengthened and become highly organized, with maximum sustained winds reaching 105 mph. It is forecast to become a major hurricane by tonight and then undergo steady weakening by late Tuesday.

Hurricane Olivia's eye obvious from NASA's Aqua satellite

Hurricane Olivia's eye is clearly visible in infrared imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite, surrounded by extremely cold cloud top temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is moving west-northwest at 15 mph with maximum sustained winds near 125 mph and is expected to weaken slowly through the weekend.

NASA finds Hurricane Norman hammered by wind shear

Hurricane Norman is being battered by strong wind shear, causing it to weaken and move northwest of the Hawaiian Islands. The storm's maximum sustained winds are near 85 mph, with higher gusts and a large swell affecting east-facing shores.

NASA's Aqua satellite finds Florence temporarily fighting wind shear

Tropical Storm Florence is experiencing temporary wind shear, causing cloud top temperatures to warm, but forecasters predict it will restrengthen into a hurricane over the weekend. Large swells are expected to affect the US East Coast and Bermuda, resulting in life-threatening surf and rip currents.

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Category three Hurricane Norman expands its area of strength

Hurricane Norman's stronger storms have expanded beyond its center, with cloud top temperatures reaching minus 70 degrees Fahrenheit, capable of generating heavy rainfall. The storm is forecast to pass 200-300 miles northeast of the main Hawaiian Islands, bringing large and potentially dangerous surf.

NASA's GPM peers under the clouds of Hurricane Florence

The GPM core satellite revealed heavy rainfall rates of 50 mm/h near the eye of Hurricane Florence, with storms producing rain at a rate of 2 inches per hour. The satellite also provided estimates of storm heights using data from geostationary satellites and radar.