A new study found that a drug treatment called fasudil prevents the formation of lesions in cerebral cavernous malformation, a brain blood vessel abnormality. The treatment was tested in mice and showed promise as a potential replacement for complex surgery.
Researchers use single-molecule force spectroscopy to study the dynamics of protein folding, revealing a complex network of intermediate structural and kinetic states. The experiments on calmodulin molecule show distinct subdomains fold independently, interacting with others in a 'energy landscape' with dead ends and express routes.
A special issue of Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research explores the complex role of cytokines in autoimmune diseases. Key findings include cytokine pathways that trigger cardiac inflammation and potential chemical markers for predicting autoimmune reactions.
Galaxy collisions may be a key process driving galaxy assembly, rapid star formation, and accretion of gas onto central black holes. New analysis combines Hubble images with supercomputer simulations to estimate merger rates, clearing up discrepant results from previous studies.
Andrew Barron, Rice University's Charles W. Duncan, Jr. -- Welch Chair of Chemistry, is honored with the prestigious World Technology Award for Materials for his groundbreaking nanotechnology research in energy and health. His work has led to projects involving down-hole sensors, carbon dioxide mitigation, and cancer treatment.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have discovered a potential treatment for autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), an inherited kidney disease affecting millions worldwide. The drug Leflunomide inhibits the STAT6 signaling pathway, which is activated in kidney cysts and leads to excessive cell growth.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered that hyperactivation of Akt and overexpression of IKBKE occur in 50 percent of human cancers. These findings suggest that targeting the inhibition of Akt may be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating breast cancer.
A recent study found that a childhood dietary intervention resulted in significantly lower fasting plasma glucose levels and systolic blood pressure in young adulthood. The study suggests that reducing fat and increasing fiber intake during childhood may have long-term benefits for chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
A new study reveals that adult stem cells can reshape organs in response to changes, with implications for diabetes and obesity. Intestinal stem cells respond to increased food intake by producing more cells, expanding the gut's size.
A recent study on Australian herbarium records found that up to 25% of temperate seaweed species may be headed to extinction due to ocean warming. The research reveals significant changes in seaweed communities over the past 50 years, with many species retreating south towards the Australian south coast.
Researchers have created a detailed map of protein interactions in fruit fly cells, providing insight into how life and disease work. The map reveals the relationships between approximately 5,000 proteins that cooperate to keep life going.
North Carolina State University researchers introduce a computational approach to improve the utility of superconductive materials. By interacting with industry, they've identified ways to optimize YBCO conductors, reducing quench risk and increasing performance. This breakthrough could accelerate the use of YBCO in emerging technologies.
A new analysis of Hubble surveys and simulations reveals that galaxies gained mass through collisions with other galaxies. Large galaxies merged on average once over the past 9 billion years, while small galaxies coalesced with large ones more frequently.
A new study has identified that using less invasive spinal, epidural, and local/monitored anesthesia care is better than general anesthesia for elective endovascular repair of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. This results in reduced pulmonary complications and shorter hospital stays.
Saul Perlmutter, along with Brian Schmidt and Adam Riess, discovered the accelerating expansion of the universe through distant supernovae observations. This discovery implies the existence of dark energy, a mysterious force opposing gravity and increasing galaxy distances.
A team of Caltech biologists has developed a new, more potent HIV antibody that targets the virus's entry site. The antibody shows increased effectiveness against multiple subtypes of HIV, paving the way for potential clinical testing and improved vaccine development.
Scientists at NRL refurbish VAULT2.0 to double its cadence and reduce noise, enabling higher-resolution Lyα imaging of the solar chromosphere-corona interface. This will help uncover clues on coronal heating and provide valuable insights for future space missions.
Researchers identified three fatty acids involved in Burmese pythons' extreme heart growth after large meals. These fatty acids may trigger healthy physiological cardiac hypertrophy in diseased human hearts.
A new study reveals that mTOR plays a key role in the complex signaling process that helps cells know when to grow and when to sit tight. The research found that mTOR turns itself on in a positive feedback loop involving the destruction of DEPTOR, a protein that normally holds it off.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that higher levels of testosterone were associated with reduced loss of lean muscle mass in older men. Higher testosterone levels were also linked to less loss of lower body strength, particularly in those who were losing weight.
A CU-Boulder study finds that fatty acids circulating in python bloodstreams promote healthy heart growth, with no evidence of fat deposition in the heart. The researchers also saw an increase in the activity of a key enzyme protecting the heart from damage.
Scientists have determined that master transcription factors control gene expression in response to signaling pathways, tailoring cell state and function. This discovery sheds light on disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that lower doses of corticosteroids were just as effective as higher doses in reducing shoulder pain and improving range of motion. The study suggests using a lower dose at the initial treatment stage to minimize potential complications.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, have discovered a new process to manufacture ultra-low molecular weight heparin drug. The discovery uses chemicals and enzymes to reduce production steps from 50 to 10-12, increasing yield 500-fold and decreasing cost.
Using metamaterials to collect and transmit single photons, researchers aim to encode complex information on individual particles of light. This technology could significantly improve data security for the military and other high-stakes applications.
A study found that Pyridorin, a vitamin B6 derivative, helps patients with mild diabetic kidney disease, but does not benefit those with more advanced kidney disease. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is expected to double by 2030, making new therapies like Pyridorin crucial in preventing kidney failure and saving lives.
Healthy mouth bacteria provide ideal conditions for gum disease to develop, according to research from Queen Mary University of London. The study found that manipulating normal bacteria in the mouth can prevent periodontal disease, a condition affecting 54% of adults in the UK.
Researchers warn that forced migration due to climate change will have calamitous results if not planned carefully. The team emphasizes the need for informed decision makers and careful planning to avoid community devastation. Resettlement efforts have left millions impoverished in the past, highlighting the complexities of the task.
Researchers use yeast, worms, and rats to study the effects of amyloid beta peptide misfolding on cellular pathways. The study reveals a crucial link between protein misfolding and Alzheimer's disease, highlighting potential new avenues for understanding and combating the disorder.
The Laxenburg Declaration emphasizes the importance of human capital, education, and health in addressing sustainable development challenges. The declaration highlights the need to target vulnerable subpopulations with tailored policies to ensure environmental safety and adaptability.
A study published in Annals of Behavioral Medicine found that experiencing social stressors during adolescence and young adulthood can lead to increased disease risk factors in middle age. The researchers analyzed data from 822 participants and discovered a significant link between early adversity and allostatic load, a measure of phys...
A longitudinal study by researchers at the University of Minnesota found that negative parenting in early infancy predicts later conduct problems in children. Conflict between mothers and toddlers also plays a key role in the development of aggression.
A new study published in Perspectives in Psychological Science reveals that curiosity plays a significant role in academic success, with personality traits like curiosity being as important as intelligence. Conscientiousness is also found to be a key factor, suggesting that teaching methods can inspire curiosity and motivation.
The study reveals that certain copper crystal structures promote better graphene growth due to their atomic shape and arrangement. This finding could lead to more cost-effective and high-quality graphene production for consumer electronics applications.
Researchers at A*STAR's Genome Institute of Singapore and Institute of Molecular Biology identify distal airway stem cells as the key to forming new alveoli, paving the way for novel therapies for respiratory diseases. The discovery provides insight into genes and secreted factors that can be used to enhance lung regeneration.
A new study by Georgetown researchers found that nipple sparing mastectomy is a safe and effective option for women with breast cancer. The procedure, which removes breast tissue while keeping the skin and nipple intact, showed no signs of cancer recurrence or development in 162 patients over 21 years.
A new study by St. Michael's Hospital and ICES found that nearly half of Ontario seniors do not see dentists regularly, increasing their risk of chronic diseases and a reduced quality of life. The researchers highlight the importance of prevention and health promotion to help older women remain active and independent as they age.
The New York University College of Nursing is conducting a two-year study on the impact of internationally educated nurses on patient safety in nursing homes. The research aims to identify differences and similarities in care processes and outcomes among RNs and LPNs/VNs.
The New England Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center at Boston Medical Center has been awarded a five-year grant to continue as the leading center in New England for spinal cord injury care, education, and research. This designation underscores the center's commitment to staying on the cutting edge of spinal cord research and treatment.
A novel molecular mechanism discovered by Bruce Beutler and colleagues suggests that the body's molecular sensors may trigger autoimmune disease. The researchers' findings have important implications for understanding the initiation of both protective and inflammatory immune responses, as well as autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have identified a new potential cancer drug targeting EPHA7, a tumor suppressor protein associated with follicular lymphoma. The discovery demonstrates the power of functional genomics in translating genetic insights into therapies.
Researchers analyzed policies in low-income countries that removed user fees from healthcare, finding that well-designed and implemented free healthcare can improve access to services. However, insufficient funding and hasty decisions without stakeholder consultation can lead to system shocks and challenges.
Researchers discovered reindeer use three tactics: panting with nose closed, mouth open and brain cooling system, to prevent overheating while exercising. The team found that reindeer selectively cool their brains only when temperature becomes dangerously high.
A recent brain imaging study using lucid dreaming has linked neural activity to specific body motions in dreams. The study offers a promising approach towards 'dream reading' by analyzing patterns of brain activity.
A new study by the American Heart Association found that poorer countries with lower healthcare spending have a higher incidence of stroke and death. The study linked lower gross domestic product to increased risk of stroke and post-stroke deaths, as well as younger-age-onset stroke.
New research uses tumor-targeted magnetic nanoprobes and SQUID sensors to detect breast cancer, outperforming mammography in sensitivity and accuracy. This technology holds promise for refining treatment plans and improving patient survival by classifying tumors based on protein expression.
Dr. Modesto Orozco has been awarded an ERC Advanced Grant for his project SimDNA, a computational biology initiative aiming to unravel the structure and properties of nucleic acids. The five-year grant provides funding of around 2-3 million Euros.
Researchers have developed a new animal model to study Progeria and tested a gene therapy that significantly extended the lifespan of mice. The treatment, using 'vivo-morpholino' antisense oligonucleotide technology, reduced progerin production and improved various parameters related to the disease.
A new study finds that parents' use of language, tone, and non-verbal cues helps toddlers differentiate between joking and pretending. This interaction aids in the development of essential life skills such as creativity, problem-solving, and social skills.
A new study finds that children's reading achievement at age 10 predicts their independent reading at 11, suggesting a causal relationship between the two. However, independent reading does not directly improve reading achievement, especially among children at the end of elementary school.
Researchers have found a new potential therapeutic approach to treat malaria by targeting parasite proteins in exosomes. In a mouse model of malaria infection, immunizing with rex containing parasite proteins resulted in full protection upon lethal infections in 85% of the animals.
A new study of Canadian first graders suggests that a good teacher-student relationship can shield children from expressing aggression and being targeted by their peers. The research found that genetically vulnerable children were protected from aggressive behavior if they had a warm, affectionate relationship with their teacher.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab create a new device called the SheetRocker to study how shaking affects sheet formation in peptoid monolayers. They find that compression on the air-water interface produces free-floating, stable nanosheets in 95% yield, enabling scalable sensing and filtration applications.
A recent study involving over 150,000 participants found that annual chest radiographic screening did not significantly decrease lung cancer mortality compared to usual care. The researchers examined the effect of screening on mortality using data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
Researchers created databases showing how genes turn on and off in multiple brain regions through development, revealing a 'consistent molecular architecture' across individuals. Key findings include individual genetic variations linked to expression patterns, with most genes reversing their direction of expression after birth.
A recent study conducted by Sandia National Laboratories found that diode lasers can produce high-quality white light comparable to LEDs, which may lead to new lighting technologies. The research used a test involving volunteers and different lighting sources, including LED bulbs, incandescent lights, and diode laser combinations.
Scientists have developed a sensor array that can diagnose multiple sclerosis from exhaled breath, offering a fast, inexpensive and non-invasive alternative to traditional methods. The technology has been tested in humans and shows promising results, rivaling the accuracy of spinal taps without pain or risk.
A new drug called apixaban has shown to be effective in treating atrial fibrillation, reducing the risk of stroke by 21% and major bleeding by 31%. The study found that apixaban is better than warfarin in preventing strokes and was associated with less bleeding.
Complex organic compounds found throughout Universe contain aromatic and aliphatic components, resembling coal and petroleum. Stars produce these compounds on short time scales, ejecting them into interstellar space.
A new technique developed by Johns Hopkins surgeons allows for the removal of skull base tumors without traditional incisions, resulting in faster recovery times and reduced complications. The procedure uses a natural opening above the jawbone and beneath the cheekbone to access the tumor site.