Researchers found that classical laws of gas mixture behavior fail to apply in the presence of shock waves, affecting combustion, explosions, and supersonic jets. Further study is needed to explore the scope of the problem and develop a new theory explaining the observations.
A recent study highlights the alarming exploitation of shark populations in Pacific Panama, with many species caught immature and vulnerable to intensive fishing. The research recommends implementing seasonal fishing bans and monitoring programs to improve conservation strategies.
Australian researchers have discovered a further 148 previously unknown proteins affected by oxidative stress in the human body, linked to major diseases such as heart disease and cancer. The new chemical tool developed at Flinders University's Chalker Lab has mapped over 1000 proteins modified under oxidative stress.
Researchers found that two identical triplets who shared the same DNA developed Alzheimer's at different ages, suggesting other factors contribute to its development. The study also discovered that environmental and lifestyle factors can affect an individual's biological age and potentially delay or accelerate dementia onset.
Researchers developed a photoacoustic (PA) thermometry system for HIFU treatment guidance, enabling real-time monitoring of temperature increase at tumors during treatment. The system allows for simultaneous ultrasound imaging, PA imaging, and PA thermometry, enhancing the accuracy and safety of HIFU treatments.
Researchers compared opioid prescribing at discharge from Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, before and after a 2018 law change. The study found significant reductions in opioid prescribing rates following the law's implementation.
Recent advancements in 3D bioprinting have the potential to revolutionize organ transplantation by enabling customized organs for patients. However, significant technical challenges need to be overcome, including biomimicry, vascularization, and tissue maturation.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a digital approach called Site search that enables scientists to study specific protein sites linked to serious diseases. The software, NmrLineGuru, supports fast simulation and analysis of protein interactions with drugs.
Satellite data shows Greenland's glaciers have retreated about 3 miles between 1985 and 2018, with the rate of ice calving beginning to accelerate in 2000. This imbalance is causing the glacier to lose mass faster than snow can replace it.
The Department of Navy's Technology Transfer Program Office fosters collaboration between the Navy, government agencies, industry, and academia to advance cutting-edge technology and capabilities. The program enables partnership agreements that strengthen naval capabilities and accelerate technology research and development.
Researchers are testing whether changing brain's fuel source from glucose to ketones could potentially save neurons and neural networks over time. The study, funded by a $2.5 million grant, aims to understand how ketones affect brain cells and connectivity in the face of insulin resistance.
A new Hyb-Seq probe set has been validated for its effectiveness in reconstructing relationships among species within the diverse Asteraceae family. The study's findings highlight the importance of carefully selecting genes to sequence and optimizing data analysis pipelines to improve phylogenetic outcomes.
Scientists have introduced a new electrochemical method to produce ethylene from CO at room temperature and standard pressure, achieving high Faradaic efficiency and C2 selectivity. The technique uses a copper catalyst and optimized electrode structure, allowing for efficient separation of gaseous ethylene.
A new study investigates online sales of fish antibiotics and finds that consumers are purchasing these medications for human use, raising concerns about unintended consequences. The research highlights the potential risks of self-medication and the need for healthcare professionals to educate patients on safe medication use.
A new approach to treating MLL-rearranged leukaemia (MLL-r leukaemias) has shown promising results, with a small molecule inhibitor called VTP50469 producing a 'dramatic response' in specially-bred mice. The therapy is designed to target molecules critical for the survival and growth of cancer cells.
A new species of fossil whale, Aegicetus gehennae, has been discovered, representing an intermediate stage between foot-powered and tail-powered swimming. The creature's body shape is similar to that of ancient whales like Basilosaurus.
A study at Queensland University of Technology (QUT) suggests that pindolol, a blood pressure medication, can reduce anxiety-like behavior and neurogenic maladaptations in mice with long-term heavy alcohol consumption. The drug also restores damage caused by alcohol to new and immature neurons in the brain.
A new study identifies financial infidelity as a real problem for consumers and companies, with secretive spending habits common among romantic partners. Retailers can boost sales by offering inconspicuous packaging and cash payment options to appeal to financially unfaithful shoppers.
JUA Technologies International, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has partnered with BrazAgro Ltd. to distribute its solar-drying tray, Dehytray, in Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. The Dehytray uses natural solar energy to dry specialty crops like leafy greens, coffee, and grains.
Increasing 40Hz gamma rhythm power in the brain has been shown to strengthen neural connections and improve symptoms in Alzheimer's disease models. The study used light flickering or sound buzzing at 40Hz to achieve this effect, which was found to decline pathological amyloid and tau protein buildups and protect neurons from degeneration.
A new paper argues that consumer researchers can broaden their impact by breaking boundaries and communicating with a wider audience. The study suggests ways for researchers to influence academics, industry, government, and society, leading to fresh insights and tangible effects.
A research paper explores Indigenous Australian place relationships using Yanyuwa terms, highlighting the importance of understanding ecological health through Indigenous knowledges. The study examines human relationships with places that play a key role in ecological health, revealing specific terms for good land and sea management.
Researchers develop a new approach to alter intestinal microbiota and vaccinate against chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and obesity. Targeted immunization against bacterial flagellin has been shown to beneficially alter the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota.
The study found that while water vapour is common in exoplanet atmospheres, its amounts are surprisingly lower than expected. The results also suggest a depletion of oxygen relative to other elements and provide clues into how these exoplanets may have formed without substantial accretion of ice.
Several studies presented at the symposium use system dynamics, modeling and risk analysis to address human trafficking. NGO actions often fail to understand the context before taking action, resulting in ineffective policies.
A phase III clinical trial shows tucatinib significantly improves survival rates in women with HER2+ breast cancer, especially those with brain metastases. The study found nearly tripled one-year progression-free survival and doubled two-year overall survivor compared to standard treatment.
Researchers have developed a new biotechnology platform to produce safer 'hybrid' viruses for vaccines and diagnostics against mosquito-borne diseases. The Binjari virus, inert to humans, is used to create 'dangerous-looking' viruses like Zika and dengue that cannot grow in humans or animals.
A new study reveals that Glacier National Park's iconic mountain goats are under threat from climate change, as they seek out dwindling snow patches to cope with heat stress. The researchers found that breathing rates decrease by up to 15% when goats rest in these patches.
Researchers found that bats avoid all light colors and prefer dark entrances, regardless of color. Inside caves, bats react sensitively to any light, showing a slight preference for red over amber and white lights only when dark was not an option.
A new study by Columbia University researchers suggests that a diet high in refined carbohydrates, particularly added sugars, may be partly to blame for insomnia. Women who consumed more vegetables and whole fruits were less likely to develop problems with insomnia.
A ground-breaking new study has found that conservation charities face numerous hurdles, including funding issues, inadequate leadership, and a lack of strategy. The research suggests that a typology of barriers can help conservationists identify and manage risks to their projects.
A new study published in Nature and Science of Sleep found that individuals with chronic sleep-onset insomnia who pulled an all-nighter performed up to twice as badly on a reaction time task as healthy normal sleepers. This impairment may be hidden during the normal day but exposed after pulling an all-nighter, increasing their risk of...
Researchers developed a vaccine that targets flagellin in the gut microbiota to reduce inflammation. The vaccine showed protection against intestinal inflammation and metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
Researchers identified novel respiratory cell changes in smokers and pre-cancerous tissue, which may lead to new therapies for lung cancer prevention. The study used single-cell genomics to analyze gene expression in cells from never and current smokers.
A study published in Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology found nearly 1-in-10 patients without symptoms were C. diff carriers, increasing the risk of infection transmission. Identifying carriers could be a key strategy to prevent C. diff spread in healthcare facilities.
A literature review of 229 studies found that multiple techniques and follow-up treatments are most effective in controlling buffelgrass. The invasive weed can outcompete native species by accessing deeper water and nutrients, highlighting the need for restoration of drought-tolerant native species.
A new study by the University of Houston found that widespread adoption of information technology by law enforcement agencies can significantly reduce violence against police officers. The research revealed a 50% decrease in assaults and deaths, with benefits extending to other high-risk occupations such as factory workers and truck dr...
The study reveals that EGFR overexpression is associated with lower expression of multiple proliferation genes, leading to replication stress and decreased survival. Interestingly, certain proteins like CLPTM1L and PBXIP1 are upregulated in EGFR-activated cases, but this does not promote increased proliferation.
A 16-year-old high school student, Julia Kagiliery, co-authored a paper in the International Journal of Coal Geology with Texas Tech Professor David Weindorf. They developed an accurate method to quantify lignite sulfur content using optical and X-ray methods.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a method to turn plastic waste into valuable chemicals by harnessing sunlight, converting non-biodegradable polyethylene into formic acid, a chemical used in fuel cells and energy generation.
Researchers have discovered that evergreen tree species, such as holly and ivy, are more water-efficient under rising CO2 concentrations, potentially giving them a competitive edge over deciduous trees. This advantage is expected to be particularly pronounced in cooler climates like Ireland.
A new model developed by UBC Okanagan engineer Hadi Mohammadi maps the impact of trauma on a pregnant woman's uterus, aiming to make airbags and seatbelts safer. The study found that pregnant abdomens respond more rigidly to greater impacts, posing a risk to both mother and fetus.
A comprehensive review of 53 studies found no evidence that changing a runner's strike pattern reduces injury risk or improves performance. Running on the front of feet may make runners less efficient in the short term.
Researchers found that a molecularly similar regulator to PD-1, PD-1H, can cause immune system attacks in lupus patients. This discovery suggests novel ways to restore function and provide new therapy for the disease.
Pancreatic cancer cells use a process called macropinocytosis to engulf nutrients, which are then broken down into building blocks for cell growth. The study identified key molecular steps involved in boosting this process, including the activation of protein kinase A and v-ATPase.
A new method called scPred uses single cell analysis techniques with machine learning algorithms to identify specific types of cells. This can help diagnose cancer and autoimmune diseases earlier, and personalize treatments for individual patients.
The University of Iowa will expand its decade-long study on brain development in children at risk for Huntington's Disease (HD) with a new $18 million NIH grant. Researchers found that children as young as 6 years old had abnormalities in the striatum, an area known to deteriorate in HD, suggesting compensatory mechanisms.
A new species of insect virus, Binjari virus, has been identified that can be engineered to house genes from disease-causing flaviviruses. This non-infectious virus represents a flexible tool for testing diagnostics and vaccines for various infectious diseases, including yellow fever, dengue, and West Nile encephalitis.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have uncovered a novel pathway explaining why skin thickens in psoriasis, suggesting new strategies for developing therapies. The study found a defect in the epigenetic covering that resulted in loss of DNA methylation hydroxymethylation mark, leading to dysregulated stem cell behavior.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have created a system that allows real-time observations of individual cells in the colon of a living mouse. This breakthrough enables researchers to study the digestive system's microbiome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer, as well as explore potential treatments for gastrointestinal...
Tropical Storm Belna weakened after landfall in Madagascar, with NASA's Aqua satellite finding a smaller area of strong storms. The storm's cloud top temperatures indicated strong storms capable of generating heavy rain, but the area of intense storms diminished over time.
A new study by University of Michigan researchers found that water births are no more risky than land births, with fewer first and second-degree tears. The study analyzed 397 waterbirths and 2025 land births, showing similar outcomes in neonatal intensive care admissions and postpartum hemorrhage rates.
A study by ISGlobal reveals that television watching is the strongest lifestyle habit associated with childhood obesity. The research found that limited physical activity, inadequate sleep time, and high ultra-processed food consumption also contribute to weight gain in children.
A new study from Brigham Young University found that 90% of urban dust in Utah comes from dry lakebeds, posing a significant threat to air quality and human health. The research suggests that preserving lakes could help lower the amount of dust blown into urban areas.
A study published in Academic Emergency Medicine found that video discharge instructions in the emergency department lead to a clinically important reduction in acute otitis media (AOM) symptomatology. Children of parents who watched a five-minute video experienced less symptomatology compared to those with paper handouts.
Researchers created individualized maps of functional networks in the thalamus and basal ganglia, revealing variation in symptom response to deep-brain stimulation. The study suggests that successful treatment depends on tapping into the correct network for each patient.
A new study found that varenicline tartrate is effective in quitting smoking among adolescents, with a higher rate of long-term success compared to the placebo group. However, it did not prevent relapse. The researchers suggest pairing medication with therapy and behavioral treatments for better results.
Researchers found that four-species mixtures of perennial ryegrass, chicory, red clover and white clover outperformed monocultures in terms of yield stability during drought. The study revealed higher yields in the multi-species mixtures, with an average drop of 1.08 tonnes ha-1 compared to 1.41 tonnes ha-1 for monocultures.
A new blockchain algorithm called Proof-of-Search (PoS) has been proposed to reduce the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining by redirecting wasted energy towards solving optimization problems. The algorithm preserves the robustness of PoW while introducing miniblocks to prevent corruption.
Researchers have recorded how electrons interact with atomic vibrations in solids, capturing the processes that cause electrical resistance and superconductivity. The study enables visualization of dynamic properties of quantum materials, shedding light on high-temperature superconductivity and other phenomena.