The Journal of ABSA International has been awarded to Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., effective 2021. The publication aims to promote global biosafety awareness and best practices in preventing occupational exposures and adverse environmental impacts related to biohazardous releases.
A study finds that immune suppression in older adults is reversible and can be relieved by targeting a specific cell type. This breakthrough could lead to more effective flu vaccines and potentially COVID-19 vaccines, increasing protection for seniors.
Scientists at the University of Warwick have developed a new technique that can spot potential preterm births in asymptomatic high-risk women with up to 73% accuracy. The technology uses volatile organic compound analysis to characterise airborne chemicals and is designed to be cost-effective and non-invasive.
A new study published in Epidemiology found that night-time exposure to outdoor artificial light, especially blue light, may increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The research analyzed data from over 2,000 adults and found a 60% higher risk of developing colorectal cancer among those with the highest exposures to blue light.
Researchers find that a combination of subsidies, weather experience, and financial literacy leads to long-term insurance uptake. Subsidies alone have limited effect without financial education and actual payout experience.
The ENCODE project has completed Phase 3, providing insights into the human and mouse genomes' functional elements. The study identifies over 900,000 candidate regulatory elements from the human genome, shedding light on cancer biology and other topics.
Gut microbiome plays a crucial role in cancer growth, particularly in the colon where high levels of metabolites from antioxidant-rich foods accelerate bowel cancer. In contrast, small intestines have fewer bacteria and may convert cancer-driving proteins into super-suppressors.
Researchers Rebecca Lybrand and her team studied the interaction between ground-nesting bees and soils in agricultural settings. They found that active nesting sites were present in locations with little to no rock cover and low vegetation, which may provide a suitable habitat for these pollinators.
Researchers found that psychological recovery can take place while still experiencing stressful conditions, contrary to previous research. Employees reported feeling less powerless and more authentic within two weeks of the crisis beginning.
Researchers used a genome database to identify the cell type from which cancers derive, revealing new insights into cancer development. By comparing cancer cells to normal human cells, they found that different cancers mostly closely matched specific cell types, shedding light on their origins and tumor behavior.
A phase 3 trial found pimavanserin to be effective in reducing psychotic symptoms in people with dementia, regardless of underlying dementia subtype or severity. The treatment works differently than other antipsychotics, showing promise for improving the lives of those affected by psychosis.
Researchers at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg developed a method to incorporate paraffin wax into the shell of thermal storage tanks, reducing heat loss and promoting self-healing. The study's findings suggest a potential solution for storing renewable energy in the medium term.
Researchers find drastic bone and organic matter deterioration since the site's initial excavations in the 1940s, suggesting similar decline may be happening across equivalent sites. The study highlights the urgent need to preserve findings from Ageröd and similar sites due to environmental changes like drainage and pollution.
The LTX-β upgrade successfully demonstrates the ability of liquid lithium to hold onto stray particles, improving plasma temperature profiles and expanding plasma volume for fusion. The device aims to test whether coating all plasma-facing walls with lithium can enhance plasma confinement and increase temperature.
Salk researchers mapped DNA methylation changes over time in mice to better understand developmental disorders. The data help identify regions of the human genome that play roles in diseases such as schizophrenia and Rett Syndrome.
A study by scientists from Université de Genève found that active mediation in couples enhances conflict resolution and satisfaction. Couples who received mediation showed increased activation in the nucleus accumbens, a key region associated with feelings of pleasure and motivation.
Research reveals that men and women are equally willing to forgive their partner for infidelity, with the degree of forgiveness not related to the type of infidelity. The mechanisms underlying forgiveness appear to be identical between genders, with individual differences playing a role in reaction to infidelity.
The review paper reveals the intricacies of bacterial organelles, which support functions essential for survival and growth. Organelles enable bacteria to perform extraordinary tasks, such as photosynthesis and orientation relative to magnetic fields.
A decade-long study finds that certain surgical specialties have significantly lower percentages of female resident physicians. The researchers identified these specialties and tracked changes in the number of women in each over time.
Researchers found significantly less microbial diversity and richness in humpback whales' respiratory microbiota during the return leg of their migration, suggesting they were likely in poorer health. This study provides new insights into using airway microbiota as a non-invasive method for monitoring whale health.
A new framework helps local entities determine when to tighten social distancing measures and relax restrictions based on hospital data, aiming to minimize economic impact. The model provides clear guidance for tracking hospital admissions data and acting on strict thresholds to prevent hospitals from becoming overwhelmed.
The Aspen Family Prosperity Innovation Community, supported by a $7 million grant, aims to develop strategies and solutions that remove barriers and accelerate prosperity for low-income families. Boston Medical Center's StreetCred program will incorporate financial coaching as part of its care model.
Researchers identified nearly 1 million potential functional genomic elements in the human genome, which control gene expression and promote health or disease. The UMMS team's registry of these elements can be used to study links between regulatory switches and genetic diseases.
A scientific team has successfully simulated the formation of pallasites, a type of stony-iron meteorite, on an experimental basis. The experiments confirmed that both partial separation of core and mantle, and subsequent impact of another celestial body, are required for their formation.
A team of international researchers developed propagation-invariant light fields using caustics that do not change during propagation. This breakthrough enables new applications in high-resolution microscopy, material processing, and multidimensional signal transmission.
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that pregnant Black and Hispanic women are five times more likely to be exposed to the coronavirus than white and Asian women. The study analyzed serological data from over 1,200 women and found significant variation in virus exposure rates across racial and ethnic groups.
Dr. Britta Will, an assistant professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, has won the prestigious Pershing Square Sohn Prize for her innovative cancer research. Her studies focus on understanding mechanisms that create and sustain cancer stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome.
Researchers have detected a newer PFAS compound, HFPO-DA, in Arctic seawater for the first time, posing similar health and persistence concerns as PFOA. Higher levels of PFAS were found in outgoing water compared to entering water from the North Atlantic.
Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute have engineered a new mouse model to study glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of brain cancer. The study identified over 200 genes that contribute to the development and growth of glioblastoma, providing potential new drug targets.
A PLOS Special Collection explores current norms and practice in childbirth, focusing on positive transformation and balancing interventions. Key findings include the importance of oxytocin and one-on-one support during labor and birth.
Researchers found that severe COVID-19 is associated with endotheliitis and microangiopathy, leading to a multisystem inflammatory syndrome similar to Kawasaki disease. Additionally, obesity in adults under 65 years old increases the risk of intubation or death from COVID-19, but not for those over 65.
Researchers from UC San Diego School of Medicine contributed to the ENCODE project, describing millions of candidate DNA switches that regulate gene expression. The study reveals novel functions for RNA-binding proteins and identifies genetic elements linked to human disease risk variants.
Scientists at the University of Minnesota have successfully electrically transformed iron sulfide, or 'fool's gold', into a magnetic material. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of valuable new magnetic materials for more efficient computer memory devices.
A potential treatment for yellow fever has shown promise in early-stage clinical trials in Singapore, using a novel approach to develop an engineered monoclonal antibody that targets the virus. The therapy was developed in seven months, significantly reducing the time required for drug development.
Researchers at Durham University have found a new toxin, called MenT, produced by the TB bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This toxin inhibits the use of amino acids needed for protein production, causing the bacteria to die. The discovery opens up new avenues for treating tuberculosis and other infections.
Syracuse University Professor Jianshun Zhang proposes a three-step plan to improve IAQ and reduce the risk of asymptomatic SARS CoV-2 infections. The plan includes source control, ventilation with increased outdoor air supply, and high-efficiency air cleaning with HEPA filters.
Electrochemical doping enhances optical and electrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotube films, increasing conductivity while suppressing optical transitions. The reversible method facilitates high doping levels, opening new avenues for future electronics and electrochromic devices.
A study found a decline in purchases of foods with caloric sugars, but an increase in those with both caloric and nonnutritive sweeteners. Purchases of beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners grew significantly, particularly among households with children.
Researchers exactly solve a representative model of the cuprate problem, explaining Cooper pairing and wave function for superconducting state in doped Mott insulators. The solution reveals that superconductivity exists and its properties differ drastically from standard BCS theory.
A new academic paper examines the history of anti-Asian hate crimes during health crises, revealing a long-standing pattern of xenophobia and discrimination. The study highlights how COVID-19 has furthered this historical trend, with Asian Americans facing verbal harassment, physical violence, and unwarranted suspicion.
Researchers used computational models to study the effects of thinner biological tissues on transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The findings indicate that thinner tissues can lead to high levels of 'flutter energy', causing blood damage and accelerating leaflet deterioration.
Sea turtles may experience a 87% decline in critical nesting habitat on Bioko Island by 2100 due to rising sea levels. The study, funded by HESS Equatorial Guinea and Purdue University Fort Wayne, predicts this impact for the beaches of Bioko Island.
The study examined nursing homes with reported COVID-19 cases in the US, highlighting key characteristics and risk factors. The analysis provides insights into infection control measures and strategies to mitigate outbreaks.
Sachin Velankar receives $292K from NSF to study micromechanics of surface tension, exploring its impact on material flow behavior. The research aims to understand particle cluster dynamics and inform industrial processes like oil drilling, 3D printing, and food industry mixing.
Researchers in Australia analyzed urine and wastewater samples to estimate changes in bisphenol exposure over six years. They found that urinary levels of BPA decreased, while BPS increased, with higher levels detected in younger age groups. In wastewater, BPA and BPS were consistently detected, with BPF also present in 29% of samples.
Researchers found that mussels form weaker attachments in iron-deficient seawater due to altered iron bioavailability. The study reveals a possible consequence of changing ocean chemistry on marine life.
A team of astronomers discovered a stellar stream composed of the remnants of an ancient globular cluster torn apart by the Milky Way's gravity 2 billion years ago. The Phoenix Stream is distinct from other globular clusters and suggests that there may be no minimum abundance of heavier elements required for their formation.
A new study published in JAMA estimates associations between statewide school closures and changes in daily COVID-19 incidence and mortality. The analysis suggests that timely school closures in March may have contributed to reduced cases and deaths in the following weeks, accounting for other public health interventions.
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory's production of ORNL-produced plutonium-238 enables the Perseverance rover to power its journey across Mars. The lab has been consistently increasing its Pu-238 production capabilities, aiming to produce 1.5 kilograms per year by 2026.
Researchers found that Dome A's unique combination of high altitude, low temperature, and stable atmosphere makes it an attractive location for optical and infrared astronomy. This location could lead to sharper images and the detection of fainter objects, overcoming a major challenge in Earth-based astronomy: atmospheric turbulence.
The ENCODE Project has added millions of candidate DNA switches that appear to regulate gene expression in humans and mice, providing a new registry for assigning biological categories. Researchers used biochemical approaches to explore the entire genome rapidly and comprehensively, identifying regions with potential functional roles.
A team of researchers at the University of Johannesburg has developed a natural fibre-reinforced polymer hybrid nanocomposite material using plantain fibers and carbon nanotubes. The resulting composite exhibits improved tensile and flexural strength compared to epoxy resin alone.
Researchers found that three-year-olds rely on trial and error, while four-year-olds use visual information to complete puzzles. Understanding pictures as representations is the foundation of drawing and painting, according to the study published in Child Development.
A flexible electronic sensing patch can be sewn into clothing to analyze sweat for multiple health markers, including electrolytes and metabolites. The device enables real-time tracking of physiological responses during exercise or daily activities, with potential applications in diagnosing and monitoring chronic health conditions.
Researchers at UArizona Health Sciences are developing a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease by targeting the DYRK1A enzyme. This approach aims to prevent or reverse the progression of the devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Preliminary tests have shown significant reductions in cognitive decline and disease development.
Research shows that climate change will shift the timing of prescribed burning windows along the east coast of Australia, with some months experiencing more frequent fires. However, the overall number of prescribed burning days is expected to remain similar or even increase in some cases.
A study by University of Otago researchers found that media coverage of the Christchurch mosque shootings contributed to an increase in public support for gun control. The decision not to name the shooter and focus on the issue's broader implications reduced the risk of copycat events and generated bipartisan support for reform.
Researchers have identified nearly 3,000 genes that enable phylloxera to colonize and feed on grape vines by creating nutrient-enhanced tumors. This discovery could lead to the development of pest-resistant rootstocks, reducing the financial burden on grape growers.
The proportion of Watch antibiotics in global consumption increased 90.9%, primarily in low- & middle-income countries, while Access antibiotics grew 26.2%. The ratio of Access to Watch antibiotics decreased across countries, raising concerns about stewardship challenges.
A team of researchers from UC Santa Barbara and LMU found that enzymes can cause liquid droplets formed from DNA to bubble unexpectedly. The bubbles occur when the enzyme penetrates inside the droplet, leading to an osmotic effect that causes water to be drawn in, resulting in a swelling phenomenon.