Researchers used NASA's TESS mission data to estimate the sizes of over 200 exoplanets and found that many are likely larger than previously thought. This discovery could impact the search for life on distant planets, as water worlds may harbor life but lack features that help life flourish on Earth.
Researchers found pregnant women with arteriovenous malformations are more likely to experience ruptures than non-pregnant women. Hormonal shifts and increased blood demand exacerbate health issues during pregnancy, placing added strain on the brain.
The Hastings Center has released recommendations and practical tools for conducting ethical first-in-human pig kidney xenotransplant clinical trials. The guidelines focus on eligibility for participation, monitoring for infectious diseases, and metrics for evaluating the success of the trials.
This study uses Steady-State Isotopic Transient Kinetic Analysis to investigate the effects of microwave heating on Dry Reforming of Methane. The results show that microwave activation induces the formation of reactive coke, enhancing the reaction rate and reducing surface intermediate concentrations.
A new study found that obesity rates in Canada increased faster after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among younger adults and females. The prevalence of obesity measured by BMI rose at a greater rate during the 4 years following the pandemic's onset compared to the previous 11 years.
The study successfully demonstrated impedance tuning of a 250 GHz waveguide transition, validating the effectiveness of mechanical tuning as a method to compensate for fabrication-induced performance variation. Terahertz frequencies above 100 GHz offer extremely wide bandwidths suitable for next-generation wireless communications.
IBEC researchers develop new bioinks that incorporate extracellular matrix proteins, preserving biological function and allowing growth factors to be retained. The FACTORINK project aims to realise the potential of these bioinks for printing artificial tissues with multiphase models incorporating stem cells and the immune system.
The article provides practical strategies for managing symptoms in patients receiving GLP-1 RAs, focusing on diet and physical activity interventions to support muscle and nutrient preservation. Lifestyle factors remain crucial in GLP-1 RA treatment for effective weight management.
Researchers at Pusan National University have created novel materials called disulfide-based covalent adaptable networks (DS-CAN) that can change, fix, and retain their shape reversibly using magnetic fields and ultraviolet light. These materials enable UV- or heat-assisted shape fixation after deformation, which is also reversible.
A recent study reveals that discarded plastic materials are a significant hazard to young birds, causing entanglements that lead to deaths. The study found that soft plastics and synthetic ropes were the most prevalent materials in bird nests, with baler twine accounting for 63% of entanglements.
A new tool allows researchers to probe the metabolic processes of key citrus crop, clementine, to improve yields, flavor, and nutritional value. The comprehensive genome-scale model captures Citrus clementina's metabolism with exceptional accuracy, enabling simulating economically-relevant scenarios.
The UK Biobank has completed a groundbreaking imaging project, scanning the brains, hearts, abdomens, blood vessels, bones and joints of 100,000 volunteers to understand how diseases develop. The project is already improving patient care in the NHS and beyond, with over 1,300 peer-reviewed scientific papers published based on the data.
A new approach harnesses radiant cooling to reduce outdoor temperatures by up to 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The technique uses water-cooled aluminum panels and see-through, infrared-reflective thin polymer film to create a cooler space while maintaining visibility.
Scientists found that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) therapy improved immune recovery in cats with FIP, a disease similar to Long COVID. The study showed reduced systemic inflammation and increased regulatory T cells, suggesting potential benefits for human patients.
Researchers at Notre Dame's School of Architecture and the Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society developed EcoSphere, an AI-powered platform that visualizes embodied carbon emissions. The tool helps city planners identify strategies to reduce carbon emissions through renovation and extended building life.
Researchers at SwRI create a custom test rig to study how blending hydrogen into liquid natural gas affects storage tank temperatures and steel material integrity. The goal is to determine if tanks can endure lower temperatures without compromising safety.
Researchers at NIMS developed a new theory explaining the oscillation of tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) with changes in insulating barrier thickness. The theory resolves a long-standing mystery, providing insights into achieving even higher TMR ratios for enhanced magnetic memory and sensor applications.
Research suggests that individuals who view the world as a competitive jungle are more likely to admire antagonistic leaders, praising their competence. In contrast, those who see the social world as cooperative and benign may call such leaders clueless. A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that p...
Two Bar-Ilan University researchers have won ERC grants to advance cancer treatments using targeted protein degradation and improve regulatory effectiveness through machine learning. The projects aim to pioneer new therapeutics and design more effective interventions based on empirical evidence.
A new study by Griffith University highlights the need to rethink wildlife tourism and move away from objectifying animals. The researchers argue that even non-consumptive wildlife tourism can result in harm if it distorts public perception of animals.
Researchers at UC3M have developed a portable mechanical scanner for biological tissues using soft magnetic materials, which could revolutionize regenerative medicine and clinical diagnostics. Additionally, they are working on a new generation of versatile and sustainable space propulsion systems.
A new study found that consuming pistachios every night for 12 weeks altered bacteria in the gut of adults with prediabetes, increasing beneficial short-chain fatty acids like butyrate. The changes may offer long-term health benefits, potentially slowing Type 2 diabetes development or reducing inflammation.
The 22nd Annual Meeting will highlight dozens of promising research studies on middle meningeal artery treatment, AI and robotics in neurointervention, GLP-1s on stroke and infant firearm injuries. Neurointerventional specialists will share their expertise to advance patient care.
A new study by Cornell University reveals Amazon's AI shopping assistant Rufus gives vague or incorrect responses to users writing in some English dialects like AAE. The researchers propose a framework for evaluating chatbots that can better serve users from diverse linguistic backgrounds.
Researchers discovered that oak trees adjust their root systems to access more soil nutrients under elevated CO2, employing both 'do it yourself' and 'outsourcing' strategies. This adaptation enables the trees to optimize growth and maintain nutrient supplies.
Researchers developed a self-driving lab that collects at least 10 times more data than previous techniques, dramatically expediting materials discovery research while slashing costs and environmental impact. The system uses dynamic flow experiments to continuously characterize samples, capturing data every half second.
A study from the University of Johannesburg presents a promising industrial process that can turn sugarcane waste into green hydrogen with high energy efficiency and low tar content. The Sorption-Enhanced Chemical Looping Gasification (SECLG) process produces a small fraction of unwanted by-products, making it an attractive alternative...
Researchers create a distributed atomic processor clock quantum network to study the interplay between quantum theory and curved space-time, exploring how gravity affects quantum mechanics. The team demonstrates that superpositions of atomic clocks can pick up different time-flows in superposition.
Researchers developed a new imaging approach combining two-photon microscopy and advanced algorithms to improve resolution and reduce noise. This allowed them to clearly see details smaller than 250 nanometers, enabling real-time observations of mitochondrial behavior in live animals.
A new method using label-free optical microscopy and artificial intelligence effectively identifies disease phenotypes in pancreatic cancer. The approach achieved nearly 90% accuracy in predicting tissue phenotypes, demonstrating the promise of combining light-based imaging with AI for precision medicine.
Researchers trained two dogs to distinguish between sebum swabs from people with and without Parkinson's disease, achieving sensitivity of up to 80% and specificity of up to 98%. The study suggests that dogs could help develop a quick, non-invasive method for early detection.
A recent study highlights significant disparities in AI adoption between high-income and low-to-middle-income regions, with the Global South facing limited access to these technologies. The study emphasizes four key barriers hindering effective deployment of AI in healthcare for underserved populations.
A new study found significant reductions in medication use, symptoms, and procedural interventions with GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy for idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers have identified a key regulatory protein called PP2A B′η that enables plants to edit RNA and rapidly synthesize proteins necessary for heat tolerance. Plants lacking this protein fail to germinate or survive under high temperatures, while those overexpressing it thrive.
A new mouse study suggests that watching others eat, especially palatable food, can cause overeating in the absence of hunger. The study found that satiated mice increased their intake of sucrose diet when observing fasted peers, but dopamine receptor inhibitors suppressed this behavior.
Researchers found that prostate cancer cells store fats in lipid droplets under low oxygen conditions, making them less vulnerable to ferroptosis. This adaptation allows cancer cells to evade therapies designed to trigger cell death.
A new metaphor, inspired by the mangrove plant, offers a more resilient and diverse approach to sustainable food systems. The model depicts food systems as interconnected root systems that nourish outcomes such as nutrition, health, and well-being.
Despite supply shortages and insurance coverage obstacles, patients taking GLP-1 medications achieve clinically significant weight loss when paired with intensive lifestyle interventions. The study found that consistent medication courses combined with lifestyle changes and support remain the most effective weight-loss program option.
A global study of 161,981 participants across 40 countries reveals that air pollution, social inequality, and weak democratic institutions accelerate aging. BBAGs, a novel measure of accelerated aging, show that exposure to toxic air, political instability, and economic inequality can age you several years faster.
Researchers developed a lyophilized open-source RT-LAMP assay for pathogen detection, making diagnostics more accessible and affordable globally. The assay is heat stable, requires no cold chain, and can detect various pathogens with high sensitivity.
Researchers at Hebrew University developed a precise method to estimate chronological age from DNA using deep learning networks analyzing DNA methylation patterns. The method achieves age predictions with a median error of 1.36 years in individuals under 50, unaffected by smoking, BMI, and sex.
Researchers at Macquarie University developed a new technique to narrow laser linewidth by factors exceeding 10,000 using diamond crystals and Raman scattering. This breakthrough could revolutionize quantum computing, atomic clocks, and gravitational wave detection with improved spectral purity.
A comprehensive new study examining data from 71 countries suggests that perceiving high levels of economic inequality significantly undermines individual well-being. The research demonstrates that awareness of economic disparity negatively affects overall well-being and widens the gap between current and desired feelings.
A study published in Pediatrics reveals a sharp surge in nicotine pouch ingestions among young children, with a 763% increase in rate of reported cases between 2020 and 2023. The ingestion rates for other nicotine products declined during the same period.
Dr. Kimberley Miner provides a framework for planning life during significant climate change, advising on topics such as eco-anxiety, financial preparedness, and sustainable living. She also addresses difficult questions like having children in a world with climate crisis, challenging readers to dream of a better future.
Biofortified rice in Colombia has high potential to improve nutrition and is preferred by consumers despite its increased zinc content, with a 41% premium over standard rice. The variety was developed to address zinc deficiency in the country's Caribbean region, where rates are 41% among children aged 1-4.
Gene therapy relies on efficient and safe delivery of therapeutic genes to target cells. Macromolecular carriers, including synthetic and natural polymers, offer biocompatibility, controlled release, and targeted delivery. These systems have shown promise in treating genetic disorders and complex diseases like cancer.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences found a two-way relationship between micronutrient deficiencies and chronic pain. People with severe deficiencies in vitamins D, B12, folate, and magnesium were more likely to have severe chronic pain.
A new study published in Communications Earth and Environment suggests that the cleanup of air pollution in East Asia has likely accelerated global warming. The reduction in sulfate emissions from countries like China has partially unmasked greenhouse gas-driven warming, leading to record-breaking surface temperatures.
Scientists discovered a hormonally primed cortical circuit that controls reproductive drive in female mice through oxytocin and ovarian hormones. The circuit has the opposite effect in male mice, making them less interested in mating. Researchers identified a key subset of neurons that respond to social cues and internal signals.
A new study revisits forecasts made in 2002 about the world's rocky shorelines, finding some threats have materialized while others have not. The researchers highlight the importance of addressing issues like ocean acidification and plastic pollution to protect coastlines.
A new study by researchers at the University of Kansas finds that cities with proactive, learning-oriented and risk-tolerant governance styles are more likely to implement ambitious climate resilience strategies. These cities are better positioned to protect their communities and lead meaningful change in an era of mounting climate risks.
Researchers found that mice with weakened laterodorsal tegmentum responses exhibited reduced withdrawal symptoms and increased interactions with new objects. The interpeduncular nucleus inhibits the LDTg, suggesting a potential target for nicotine addiction treatments.
A new approach, facilitated migration, aims to increase juvenile salmon survival in California's Central Valley waterways. By tweaking release timing and volume, water managers can boost survival rates from 6% to 46%, potentially adding 20,000 more fish to the ocean.
A recent survey found that nearly two-thirds of U.S. adults consider AI-generated summaries to be somewhat or very reliable, while another 45% say they sometimes give them the answer they need. However, half of respondents are not comfortable with healthcare providers using AI tools.
Researchers at TUM create standardized procedure to compare industrial robots and assess their sensitivity, categorizing them into 'industrial robots,' 'cobots,' 'soft robots' and 'tactile robots.' This evaluation scheme has the potential to become an industrial testing standard, creating a seal of quality for the robotics market.
A Finnish population study reveals that middle-aged individuals can have high levels of blood-based biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease. The study found a link between kidney disease and higher biomarker levels in middle age, as well as an association between the APOE ε4 gene and older age biomarker concentrations. Further r...
Researchers combined quantum computing with supercomputing to simulate large molecule stability and behavior, overcoming current barriers. The hybrid approach used a quantum computer for complex calculations and a supercomputer for error correction, enabling accurate predictions of molecule stability.
Caren Sureth-Sloane, an economist, is the newly elected DFG Vice President. She will lead the Executive Committee alongside re-elected colleagues Karin Jacobs and Peter H. Seeberger. Meanwhile, sociologist Matthias Koenig steps down from office.
Researchers used an optogenetic platform to discover dozens of molecules that can act as pan-antivirals, including two chemical scaffolds that could serve as development candidates. The compounds were tested on Zika, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and herpes, showing promising results.