Researchers developed a non-invasive method combining 3D laser scanning and sensor data analysis to detect subsurface structural defects in water treatment filters. This breakthrough significantly reduces inspection time and labor costs, ensuring safer and more efficient water processing.
A newly developed microfluidic point-of-care device has been tested on a small cohort of patients, demonstrating strong correlation with laboratory measurements and high diagnostic performance. The device offers a promising alternative for bilirubin testing in resource-limited settings.
A new study found that safe brain stimulation could help people aged 18 to 30 solve maths problems more efficiently by strengthening connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex.
A new review recommends combining enfortumab vedotin with pembrolizumab as the first-line therapy for advanced urothelial cancer, offering a more effective and better-tolerated alternative to traditional chemotherapy.
A team of researchers has made significant strides in solving one of hypersonic aerodynamics' most persistent puzzles - the unpredictable transition from smooth to turbulent airflow. They discovered two competing instability patterns that provide a possible explanation for the long-debated transition reversal phenomenon.
Researchers investigated the link between HIV treatment regimens and osteoarthritis development, revealing that certain medications like lopinavir can exacerbate OA in the knee. The study's findings have important implications for people living with HIV, highlighting the need to carefully consider treatment options.
Researchers developed an energy-efficient strategy to tackle digital traffic jams during peak hours, ensuring seamless services like navigation updates and pollution alerts. The approach, powered by Lyapunov optimization and the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm, reduces processing delays and power use while maintaining system reliability.
A new computational biology pipeline has identified 13,312 highly conserved 'universal' groups of grass genes, present across all studied grasses and responsible for vital functions. The study used a Hidden Markov Model, which outperformed a simpler approach, to distinguish between lineage-specific and non-specific genes.
Researchers developed a magnetic resonance technique to detect fentanyl hydrochloride in sealed packages, offering a non-invasive solution. The technique uses Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) spectroscopy, which can identify key target nuclei in the drug, allowing for effective detection and potential diversion of large quantities.
Researchers found that a single synonymous mutation in a gene drives cucumber elongation by altering RNA structure and function. This breakthrough has significant implications for crop breeding programs and may lead to the development of precision-crop improvement techniques.
Combinative and transformative creativity are recognized by Julio M. Ottino as essential components of creative breakthroughs. Historical figures such as Filippo Brunelleschi and Niels Bohr demonstrate creative fluidity, while AI's limitations in transformationally creative tasks are discussed.
New research from Aston University suggests that parents can help promote healthy eating in their children by creating structure and independence around mealtime. The study recommends prioritizing health, maintaining a calm atmosphere during meals, and setting regular meal times to encourage supportive feeding practices.
Dysregulation of phosphatases modulates various signaling pathways, including RAS/MAPK, PI3K, HIPPO, and JAK/STAT. This review highlights the tumour suppressive, tumour promoting, and context-dependent activities of phosphatases, as well as their roles in reshaping the tumour microenvironment through exosomal miRNA secretion.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub questions Rotterdam's 'balanced neighborhoods' policy, finding little evidence of stronger community ties despite efforts to mix income groups. The research highlights the risks of gentrification and displacement of low-income communities.
Researchers developed a puzzle game called AI Puzzlers that teaches kids to spot errors in AI responses and think creatively. By comparing their solutions to those from various AI chatbots, kids learn to use AI as a tool that needs guidance rather than an answer machine.
A recent study by Prof. Dr. Detlef Pollack reveals a dramatic decline in religious ties across the world, with secularization being a major factor. The study examines various factors contributing to this decline, including growing prosperity and individualization.
This study found that NKAPL downregulation in NSCLC is associated with poor prognosis and hypermethylation of its promoter. High NKAPL expression inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. NKAPL enhances TRIM21 protein stability, leading to suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
A new study found that slower arm movements in older adults increase the risk of falls, which can lead to hip fractures. The research team discovered that faster arm corrections can limit whole-body movement during a slip, highlighting the importance of strengthening targeted muscles.
Researchers discovered high-velocity clouds in the nearby spiral galaxy M83, which moved at speeds significantly different from the galaxy's overall speed of rotation. The findings suggest that these clouds originated outside the galaxy, providing new insights into how galaxies acquire fresh gas and sustain star formation over billions...
Agroecological methods improve biodiversity, pollination, natural pest control, and crop yields, but new subsidies are needed to support farms' transition. The study found that incorporating nature-friendly practices increases benefits for nature and farmers, with higher soil carbon and overall increased crop yields.
New research reveals that plants rely on multiple heat-sensing systems and a sugar-based mechanism to detect temperature changes. Sugar produced in sunlight helps plants grow taller even when thermosensors like phytochrome B are less effective. This discovery could lead to breeding crops more resiliently under stress.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding malaria parasite proteins that could lead to targeted therapies. Two key proteins, PfRAP03 and PfRAP08, regulate gene expression in the apicoplast, a unique organelle found in P. falciparum. The loss of either protein led to parasite death, confirming their essential roles.
Researchers developed a miniature 'leukemia-on-a-chip' device that recreates human bone marrow and immune system to predict cancer immunotherapy success. The device enables real-time observation of how immunotherapy drugs interact with cancer cells in an environment closely mimicking the human body.
Researchers assess ligament maturation and movement impact on scoliotic conditions, providing new insights into the structural hallmarks of embryonic spinal ligaments. The study aims to identify potential connections between embryonic movement and spinal deformities in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
A new study synthesized over 70 publications on the 2021 heat wave, attributing it to a rare high-pressure ridge and increasing temperatures. The researchers predict that such events will become more frequent as the climate warms.
Researchers have deciphered a key mechanism for RNA therapeutics, explaining why certain modified RNAs evade the innate immune response. Pseudouridine modifications can avoid detection by pattern recognition receptors, such as TLR7 and TLR8, through impaired endolysosomal processing.
Researchers propose a paradigm shift toward an educational model built on human interdependence, urging a re-examination of success and purpose. The new approach emphasizes uniquely human capacities, creativity, emotional intelligence, and collaboration with AI.
Researchers uncover evidence of monumental structures built by hunter-gatherer groups at Kaillachuro, a collection of burial mounds in the Titicaca Basin. Burial activity evolved over time into stone masonry burial boxes covered by mounds of debris from ongoing rituals and remembrances of ancestors.
Researchers decoded the complex history of ancient Arles' aqueduct system by analyzing limescale deposits and building materials. The study confirmed that the basin functioned as a header basin upstream of an aqueduct arcade bridge, and revealed the role of large lead pipes in supplying water to different parts of the city.
Researchers used machine learning to simulate galaxy evolution and supernova explosions, achieving speeds four times faster than supercomputers. This breakthrough enables the study of galaxy origins, including the creation of the Milky Way's elements essential for life.
Scientists have found a way to track protein structures directly inside cells using natural proteins as tiny sensors, providing a more accurate and non-invasive approach. This method could help study disease mechanisms such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
A study of over 1,000 students found a strong association between lactose intolerance and nightmares, suggesting that changing eating habits could alleviate poor sleep. The researchers also discovered that people with food sensitivities were more likely to report negative dreams and poor sleep quality.
Paulina DeVito, a Ph.D. candidate in computer science at Florida Atlantic University, has been awarded the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship to pursue research on developing large language model-based approaches for analyzing public discourse on social media. Her work aims to understand how people discuss emerging technologies and infor...
Researchers at Beihang University derived capture zones of pulsed and continuous guidance laws for both pursuer and evader, highlighting their differences and influence factors. The study provides a theoretical guideline for guidance law selection in various pursuit-evasion games.
Researchers have discovered an oral drug called MA-5 that can improve both heart and muscle problems in patients with Barth syndrome, a rare genetic disorder. The drug boosts cellular energy production by up to 50% and protects cells from oxidative stress-induced death, addressing the underlying cause of the disease.
A new study led by RMIT University found that restoring southern Australian reefs from urchin barrens is feasible and beneficial for improved water quality, fisheries, and carbon sequestration. Economic modelling showed an AU$50 million investment would return up to AU$92 million in economic benefits.
The American Heart Association has appointed two new volunteer leaders: Lee Shapiro, a financial expert in health technology, as chairperson, and Stacey Rosen, a cardiologist, as president. Both experts have extensive experience supporting women's cardiovascular health and aim to accelerate innovation and strategic collaborations.
Jingyan Han has received a three-year, $300,000 AHA Transformational Project Award to study artificial blood vessels using 3D printing. Her research aims to improve understanding of vascular biology and disease resistance by investigating the role of cell alignment in vascular function.
A new approach to intersectional learning prioritizes individual diversity and promotes collective emergence. By understanding the degree of relatedness between individuals and issues, stakeholders can be involved in a wider range of themes, leading to increased community engagement and learner transformations.
A research team discovered a counter-ion competition mechanism that explains the superiority of negatively charged nanofiltration membranes in separating lithium and magnesium ions. This finding provides critical insights for designing next-generation NF membranes with tailored ion selectivity.
A computational study found amygdalin to be a promising therapeutic agent for HER2-positive breast cancer. The compound shows favorable binding energies and induces structural changes in the HER2 protein, suggesting its potential to suppress cancer-promoting activity.
A new AI-driven model accurately predicts interactions between microRNAs and drugs, expanding the target pool for novel therapeutic targets. The model showed higher accuracy than previous methods across three public datasets, with performance scores reaching up to 96%.
Kilonova Seekers, a public participation project, has announced its first major discovery - a bright exploding star named GOTO0650. The team collected highly complete dataset on the star through fast response from volunteers, suggesting it's a period bouncer and rare object to find in wide-field imaging surveys.
Pyruvate alleviates ulcerative colitis symptoms by targeting cPLA2, suppressing TNFα/NFκB signaling and reducing inflammation. Pyruvate preserves intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and normalizes tight junction proteins.
Dr. Danielle Beckman's research uses animal models to understand how viruses like COVID-19 trigger neurological damage and accelerate Alzheimer's disease. Her work has established critical connections between viral infections and neurodegenerative processes.
A new dual diffusion framework, Para2Mesh, has been proposed to achieve direct prediction from design parameters to adaptive meshes aligned with the flow field. This approach overcomes the limitation of previous methods requiring posteriori solution information, enabling more efficient and accurate computational fluid dynamics simulati...
The study found that HIV testing rates were higher among men, younger individuals, and migrants, while women, older adults, and those living in rural areas were underdiagnosed. The results also reveal significant differences by socioeconomic level and geographical area, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve adhere...
Researchers have developed a new benchmark and training framework to improve human-AI collaboration, enabling AI to adapt to unexpected situations and communicate effectively with humans. The approach has been shown to outperform traditional methods in tasks requiring effective teamwork between humans and AI.
Researchers developed an individualized TMS targeting algorithm using large-scale brain imaging data to enhance treatment outcomes in depression. This approach, called MDD big data-guided individualized TMS targeting algorithm, produced targets more closely associated with symptom improvement.
Researchers developed a mouse model replicating a rare genetic disease, allowing them to study its characteristics and test drugs. The model revealed unique patterns of brain activity and structural changes in neurons, providing insight into the disease's mechanisms.
A new study has reconstructed two 4000-year-old genomes from Mycobacterium lepromatosis, a rare pathogen that caused Hansen's Disease in the Americas. The discovery challenges historical records of leprosy's impact on population health and its origins in the continent.
A new study published in Nutrients found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids are associated with lower inflammatory markers, contradicting previous narratives. The research analyzed data from the Framingham Offspring Study and found no statistically significant association between omega-6 intake and increased inflammation.
Researchers have identified LINC01235 as a crucial regulator of NFIB expression and NOTCH pathway in TNBC, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for this aggressive form of breast cancer. The study provides new insights into the role of non-coding RNAs in cancer progression.
The drug QTX153 has shown significant promise in preclinical models of Rett syndrome, reversing symptoms such as motor control and neuronal function. The compound efficiently crosses the blood-brain barrier, demonstrating safety even at high doses.
Linna An joins Rice University to develop protein-based biosensors for cancer detection, drug monitoring, and personalized diagnostics. Her work focuses on mapping the 'metabolism landscape' of cancer using synthetic proteins.
A scoping review highlights Europe's fragmented efforts in biliary atresia screening, calling for a unified approach that merges effective tools with innovation. The review assesses three major screening strategies: stool color cards, serum bilirubin testing, and biochemical profiling, emphasizing the potential of digital apps and AI-p...
Researchers have identified genetic bottlenecks that explain the emergence of pandemic cholera strains. These specific combinations of genes and allelic variants grant an advantage in human intestinal colonization, allowing a small subset of Vibrio cholerae to become deadly pathogens.
A new study by researchers from Germany, Sweden, and Denmark has found a way to predict which drugs will have an effect on anxiety or depression using polygenic risk scores. The study, led by professor Fredrik Åhs, used genetic data to identify individuals who were more likely to benefit from certain medications.
A study by NYU Abu Dhabi researchers has found a key mechanism that shapes brain development and how it may be disrupted in autism and schizophrenia. The research reveals the role of m6A methylation in regulating protein production in growing neurons.
A new study found that the newer generation of effective diabetes medications are not reaching enough patients. The study analyzed data from over 40,000 records and found that only 20% of patients with type 2 diabetes were taking GLP-1 drugs within a year of diagnosis, and less than 15% were taking SGLT2 drugs.