A new NC State University study models a rerouting system for livestock trucks to reduce the risk of disease transmission between farms. The system, which considers cleaning and disinfection effectiveness, shows a 42% reduction in contacts between infected and uninfected farms, even without effective C&D.
A new study sheds light on how river birds adapt their communication depending on social and environmental cues. White-throated dippers use visual signals, such as blinking bright white eyelids, to convey messages when noise levels are high.
A new study reveals fragmented communication and coordination undermine European biodiversity research infrastructures' effectiveness. Uneven geographical representation and inconsistent practices impede collaboration and efficient resource use.
Researchers have developed a novel radio-photovoltaic cell design that achieves high power output and exceptional long-term stability. The innovative WLC structure realizes a 3-fold improvement in energy conversion efficiency, making it suitable for nuclear battery applications.
A new study from Moffitt Cancer Center found that a combination of immune-targeting drugs, including TIM-3, was effective in shrinking tumors in lab models of treatment-resistant melanoma. The triplet therapy also restored immune function and led to complete tumor regressions in some cases.
The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center has awarded proof-of-concept funding to four scientific teams developing breakthrough technologies for food security and environmental sustainability. These projects aim to improve crop resistance, develop customized weed control strategies, exploit plasmodesmata to control plant disease, and en...
A cross-sectional study of U.S. individuals obtaining oral contraception found that many accessed the pill over-the-counter, improving access for those with limited options. This shift suggests OTC access can help reduce health disparities related to reproductive healthcare
Researchers propose using epoxidized cottonseed oil as a safer alternative to formaldehyde and PFAS in fabric finishing, making cotton fabrics smoother, water-repellent, and resistant to wrinkling. The process creates strong chemical bonds with cellulose fibers, forming a polymer that makes the fabric hydrophobic.
Colorado State University has shut down a nutrition study on the impact of consuming beans on gut health after pressure from the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. The study, which claimed to investigate the effect of legumes on human gut microbiome, used 17,766 animals and was funded by the US Department of Agriculture.
Researchers have created an alternative to LASIK surgery by remodeling the cornea through electromechanical reshaping (EMR), a process that uses electric potentials to alter the tissue's pH, making it malleable. The new technique has shown promising results in improving vision and could potentially be reversed or used for other vision ...
Researchers develop novel treatment for acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI) using a GSDMD inhibitor. YM81 selectively binds to and inhibits the pyroptosis protein gasdermin D, reducing liver inflammation and damage.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a machine-learning system that can shape ultrahigh frequency transmissions to avoid obstacles, allowing for real-time adaptation in dynamic environments. This breakthrough could enable the widespread adoption of sub-terahertz frequencies for high-speed data transmission in applications...
Researchers are developing a new system to use nuclear waste to produce valuable tritium, which could power over 500,000 homes for six months. The system uses a particle accelerator to jump-start atom-splitting reactions in the waste, producing more tritium than traditional fusion reactors.
Researchers have developed a reusable, compostable material called jelly ice that keeps things cold without melting. The gelatin-based hydrogel has up to 80% cooling efficiency compared to regular ice and can be reused multiple times.
A new study shows that slower-growing, higher-welfare meat chicken breeds can prevent intense pain at minimal costs. The Welfare Footprint Framework provides a standardized metric to measure animal welfare impacts alongside financial and environmental indicators.
A study at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research found that inactivation of a stress pathway makes ER+ breast cancer cells ignore stress signals, allowing them to evade treatment. The JNK pathway acts as a cellular alarm system, and its disruption leads to treatment resistance.
A new study reveals that body cells change their shape to close gaps such as wounds, using a combination of crawling movements and 'purse-string' contractions. The researchers discovered that the endoplasmic reticulum's ability to reorganize in response to edge curvature plays a crucial role in epithelial cell movement.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine developed a non-invasive system that delivers drugs to specific regions of the body, reducing unwanted side effects. The system uses nanoparticles encapsulated in a sugar solution that responds to ultrasound stimulation, allowing for precise delivery of medication.
Researchers found that heat-related increases in airborne pollutants can be just as deadly as high temperatures. The study revealed concerning levels of ozone, oxygenated VOCs, and acid-rich nanoparticles during heatwaves.
Dr. Jake Johnson explains the challenges of studying canine cocaine toxicosis, including limited data and messy clinical reality. He shares insights on diagnosing symptoms, prevention measures, and the importance of owner honesty in seeking veterinary help.
Researchers at KIST developed a new surface modification technology to introduce alkoxide organic monomers to MXene, making it both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. This enabled the creation of amphiphilic MXene that can be dispersed in various solvents, including water and non-polar organic solvents.
Recent research reveals ENSO's influence on tropical Atlantic and Indian Ocean basins, affecting hurricane development and atmospheric circulation. The review also explores the coupling between ENSO and mid-to-high latitude climate systems, including the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.
The summit features renowned scholars, healthcare professionals, and industry innovators discussing biotechnology, digital health, and AI in healthcare. Key panels focus on the impact of biotechnology, integrating digital technology into healthcare solutions, and exploring ethical challenges.
Researchers identify PELOTA protein as central regulator of aging, extending lifespan through ribosome-associated quality control. Deficiency in PELOTA accelerates aging by disrupting mTOR and autophagy pathways.
Researchers developed a first-trimester blood test that accurately predicts gestational diabetes risk, using just seven biomarkers. The test's strong ability to distinguish high-risk from low-risk pregnancies could enable early interventions and reduce long-term health burdens.
A multicenter study of 4,257 pneumonia patients reveals three distinct clinical phenotypes with varying responses to corticosteroid therapy. Precisely dosed intravenous methylprednisolone improves survival rates in the most severe group, Phenotype C.
Researchers from Australia and China have found nine high-priority pathogens in aircraft lavatory wastewater, including some resistant to multiple drugs. The study suggests that monitoring aircraft wastewater could provide an early warning system for the spread of antimicrobial-resistant superbugs.
A University of Queensland researcher developed a new mathematical model explaining the universe's evolution, including collapsing regions of matter and expanding voids. The model resolves long-standing issues like Hubble tension and dynamical dark energy, showing complexity in the universe impacts cosmological measurements.
KIOST has developed an ultrasonic washing device that effectively removes salt from sea sand, reducing water usage and processing time by up to four times. The technology uses cavitation-driven ultrasonic waves to desalinate sea sand, resulting in a significant improvement over traditional methods.
A new study introduces a machine learning tool that combines satellite imagery and weather data to monitor chickpea crop health. The system accurately estimates Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Leaf Water Potential (LWP), enabling farmers to make smarter irrigation decisions and improve yields.
Researchers created a detailed molecular map of human bone marrow using spatial technology, revealing unique microenvironments within the bone marrow that challenge current thinking on myeloma. The study opens the door to developing more effective treatment strategies tailored to individual patients.
Researchers at OIST found that only cyanobacteria Trichormus azollae are true symbionts of Azolla ferns, with their genomes showing extreme decay and loss of genes. The study sheds light on the genomic impacts of symbiosis and its potential applications in food security.
Researchers developed a bio-inspired bistable robotic gripper with tunable energy barrier, achieving rapid, compliant, and powerful grasping behavior. The gripper can adapt to different tasks and environments through dynamic energy barrier modulation, enabling efficient interaction with objects.
Research found Covid infection may accelerate blood vessel aging around five years, especially in women, leading to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The study included 2,390 participants from 16 countries and found stiffer arteries in all three groups of patients who had been infected with Covid.
A new Cochrane review has found no clear evidence of benefit for ketamine in treating chronic pain conditions. The review identified an increased risk of adverse effects such as delusions and vomiting. High-quality trials are needed to determine the role of ketamine in chronic pain care.
Researchers propose a passive quantum compressed sensing-based single-photon dynamic imaging technique for long-distance drone detection. The method improves imaging sensitivity and robustness against noise, enabling frequency-domain sparse signal reconstruction based on discrete photon detection events.
A recent study has found a significant positive relationship between sensitivity and common mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Highly sensitive individuals are more likely to benefit from treatment plans involving applied relaxation and mindfulness.
A team of international researchers has developed a novel photobiocatalytic approach to create copper-based catalysts that can efficiently form carbon-nitrogen bonds. This breakthrough could lead to the production of life-saving pharmaceuticals in a more sustainable and energy-efficient manner.
The Peking University team developed a novel triangle structured illumination microscopy (SIM) that enables gentler, sustained super-resolution live-cell imaging. The new method achieves an unprecedented kilo-Hz speed and half-day-long duration, allowing for the study of complex biological processes with higher data throughput.
Higher-income households in US counties hit by floods and hurricanes are more likely to flee, taking their resources with them. This trend has significant economic impacts on at-risk communities, including reduced ability to recover from disasters and prepare for future catastrophes.
A new study suggests platelets play a role in limiting systemic inflammation and may offer an untapped source of cancer DNA for early detection, potentially improving the sensitivity of liquid biopsies.
Research reveals that gut microbiota imbalances can contribute to cardiac dysfunction, inflammation, and metabolic disturbances in heart failure. Dietary interventions, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation may offer innovative approaches for managing heart failure.
A team of UBC Okanagan students developed an adaptive model that can automatically detect subtle shifts in complex images, improving accuracy for doctors and scientists. The technology, called MEBS, uses advanced mathematics to pick out important details, helping to spot illnesses sooner and track wildfires more effectively.
The study reveals how genetic mutations in fucosyltransferases contribute to disease susceptibility, leading to inflammatory responses, barrier dysfunction, and increased cancer risk. Aberrant fucosylation is linked to conditions such as liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer progression, and gastric cancer.
This review article explores the complexities of tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell origins, highlighting the diverse sources and mechanisms of endothelial cell development in tumors. The study outlines the dysregulation and heterogeneity of tumor blood vessels, complicating the development of effective therapies.
Researchers explore the potential of boosting mitochondrial biogenesis to alleviate acute kidney injury by targeting energy metabolism, stress resistance, and cell survival. Promising compounds like resveratrol and ZLN005 enhance mitochondrial function while minimizing toxicity.
Allie demonstrates the benefits of AI tools that think like humans, playing similarly to a human and adapting to various strengths. It was trained on 91 million transcripts from Lichess, exposing it to complex game positions and teaching it how to make moves a human player would make.
The study reveals a connection between the size of pores in graphite and its swelling and degradation under radiation. Researchers found that irradiated samples showed a fractal self-similarity in their pore structures, which could lead to more accurate predictions of graphite's lifespan in nuclear reactors.
A study found that almost 50,000 adults with prediabetes and 30,000 with type 2 diabetes lived in the same households as index cases. The researchers analyzed electronic health records to identify household members with diabetes risk factors, including obesity and abnormal blood fats.
A UBC Okanagan study found that people with obesity may respond differently to fasting compared to lean individuals, especially in their immune systems. While fasting can have health benefits, its effects on metabolism and the immune system are reduced for those living with obesity.
ADAMTS2 plays a pivotal role in collagen maturation and is associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, neurodevelopment, immune regulation, and cardiovascular diseases. Its multifunctional nature positions it as a potential therapeutic target for treating genetic disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology developed a targeted copper doping strategy to enhance the thermoelectric properties of germanium telluride. This approach achieved an improvement of over 50% in figure of merit, outperforming previous versions.
A team of computer science researchers at Penn State demonstrated that transcriptions of phone calls can be generated from radar measurements taken up to three meters from a phone. The accuracy is limited to around 60%, but the findings raise important questions about future privacy risks.
An international team of researchers established standardized guidelines for analyzing oxylipins, bioactive lipids related to inflammation and disease. The guidelines aim to improve reproducibility in laboratories and facilitate the transfer of scientific discoveries to clinical practice.
Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in regulating oocyte maturation, follicular growth, and quality. In pathological conditions, EVs can disrupt communication, leading to impaired oocyte development and ovarian failure. Therapeutic EVs show promise in reversing ovarian pathologies by delivering functional molecules.
George Mason University researchers demonstrate how positive stimuli called recovery cues can lower relapse risk by regulating emotional and physical reactions to triggers. Participants who used personalized VR scenarios showed improved decision-making and reduced cravings for substance use.
The study reveals how tumors manipulate amino acid metabolism to gain a competitive edge, starving immune cells and reshaping the tumor immune microenvironment. Amino acids, once seen as passive nutrients, are now known to steer cell fate, immune suppression, and resistance to immunotherapy.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University successfully cryopreserved mouse stem cells and sent them to the International Space Station, where they returned healthy offspring after thawing. The study suggests that cryopreservation can maintain fertility for at least six months, paving the way for future human spaceflight.
Researchers have found direct evidence of active flat electronic bands in a kagome superconductor, paving the way for new methods to design quantum materials. The breakthrough could power future electronics and computing technologies.
Large language models are transforming drug development by identifying promising candidates and analyzing complex data. These advancements hold promise for saving years of development time in drug repurposing and improving safety monitoring in clinical trials.