Research investigates seismic scatterers in the lower mantle by studying the phase transition of (Al, H)-bearing stishovite under high pressure and temperature conditions. The results show that varying Al content can explain depth distributions of seismic scatterers observed in the circum-Pacific region.
Researchers have developed a new way to 'edit' the internal layers of MAX phases, leading to the creation of novel layered inorganic materials. The discovery enables the transformation of covalent-bonded ternary compounds into 2D materials with tunable properties.
Researchers found that mitochondrial antioxidant glutathione enables tumors to break away from the primary tumor, travel through the body, and take root in new tissues. Elevated SLC25A39 expression was strongly correlated with poorer overall survival in breast cancer patients.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology suggests that using hearing aids can lower the risk of developing dementia, particularly in individuals under age 70. This finding highlights the importance of early intervention for hearing loss and its potential role in preventing age-related cognitive decline.
An international team investigated MXene with confined water and ions, discovering a reversible transition from metallic to semiconducting behavior of the film. The intercalated water structure drives this change, which could lead to novel devices or sensors.
A recent study published in Nature Astronomy confirmed decades-old theoretical models of magnetic reconnection in the solar corona, using data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe. The research provides new insights into the process that drives solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which can impact technology on Earth.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation has issued an updated joint position statement on managing aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss in women with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. The guidelines incorporate recent clinical trials and systematic reviews to provide evidence-based treatment algorithms for assessing fracture risk ...
A new study published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics found that tropical systems significantly impact crop insurance premium rates in the Mid-South region. The researchers analyzed data from Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, which are more prone to hurricane damage due to their proximity to the Gulf of Mexico.
Researchers discovered that gradual, nuanced updates of reputations sustain cooperation through indirect reciprocity. The ternary system allows for justified defection against individuals with bad reputations, rather than degrading the defector's reputation.
Researchers identified measurable changes minutes before breakthroughs in expert mathematicians, offering a new window into the mechanics of human creativity. The study's method could help scientists predict creative insights and understand micro-dynamics.
A new study by Van Andel Institute scientists provides an unprecedented look into the mechanics of metabolic handoff in fruit fly embryos, offering a clearer view of this nuanced process. The findings have implications for understanding development and lifelong health in humans.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a smart accelerator for qubits, increasing both speed and coherence time simultaneously. By exploiting spin-orbit coupling, they created a 'plateau' effect that reduces fluctuations and allows for faster operation without sacrificing coherence.
Researchers found that a brain region called the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) combines coordinated movement patterns to form complex hand actions. This system, known as kinematic synergies, allows the brain to build a full repertoire of actions from a limited set of basic building blocks.
The American Geriatrics Society has released an update to its list of safer pharmacologic options and non-pharmacologic treatments for common conditions in frail and aging populations. The new guidelines offer a comprehensive suite of alternatives, including cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes, for conditions such as ins...
A new national study finds that African American and Latin American households pay significantly higher percentages of their income on energy, even when accounting for income. The study attributes this to factors such as older homes and higher rental rates, which exacerbate energy burdens and make it harder to access affordable upgrades.
A new study finds reported conflicts of interest on CDC vaccine panels had been at historic lows for years before Kennedy's dismissal. The type of conflict typically considered most concerning, income from vaccine makers, was virtually eliminated among panel members.
A substantial proportion of asymptomatic individuals in Greater Vancouver have undetected MASLD and significant fibrosis. Age, male sex, ethnicity, cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity were significantly associated with fibrosis.
Researchers have developed a self-powered microneedle patch that can monitor biomarkers without drawing blood or relying on external devices. The patch uses dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) as a cleaner sample, which contains similar biomarkers to blood and doesn't require processing before testing.
A nationwide study found a 31.8% increase in people shifting from no birth control to the over-the-counter oral contraceptive pill after its FDA approval. The pill is particularly beneficial for racial and ethnic minority groups, adolescents, and those with limited financial resources.
A novel community-based intervention increases treatment utilization among families with children who have ADHD. The pilot study found that caregivers reported feeling more confident and likely to seek treatment after participating in the program.
Researchers have developed a micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) detection and characterization system for satellites and spacecraft. The system can detect impact details, including particle size and volume, and alert spacecraft of potential hits.
A UC Davis study found a 30% increase in depressive symptoms and 45% increase in anxiety symptoms among Jewish parents of children ages 2 to 18. Concerns about antisemitism are driving these symptoms, with over 60% of participants reporting having experienced an antisemitic event.
Scientists from the University of Nottingham have identified key microbial species and metabolic traits associated with fine-flavour chocolate. They found that both abiotic and biotic factors shape chocolate flavour, allowing for a standardized fermentation process to unlock novel flavour possibilities and elevate chocolate quality.
A new study reveals that human influence has reduced global natural land carbon stocks by 24%, equivalent to 344 billion metric tons of carbon, mainly due to expanded pasture and croplands, as well as forest management.
A long-term study found that Eastern Massasauga rattlesnakes are 13% less likely to have surviving offspring and have a nearly 12% lower annual survival rate when inbred. Habitat connectivity is crucial for the snakes' survival, as fragmentation isolates populations, making it difficult for them to find mates.
Researchers found that behavioral flexibility is related to exploration and dispersal in great-tailed grackles. Individuals with greater flexibility exhibit more exploratory behavior, which facilitates their ability to adapt to new environments and expand their geographic range.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) has published a new position statement providing best-practice guidance for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants using transcatheter occlusion. The guidance emphasizes patient selection, pre-procedural planning, and post-procedure follow-u...
In acute liver failure and cirrhosis, adrenomedullin increases in circulating monocytes, while adrenomedullin binding protein decreases, leading to a pro-inflammatory phenotype. ADM restores MerTK expression after LPS stimulation, promoting a pro-restorative function.
A new study suggests that adopting AI in high-stakes settings like hospitals and airplanes requires evaluating algorithms and human decision-making simultaneously. The study found that accurate AI predictions improved participant performance by 50-60%, but inaccurate predictions led to a 100% degradation in proper decision making.
A new drug delivery system targeting the spleen could provide more effective treatment options for lupus, a debilitating autoimmune disease. The system uses lipid nanoparticles modified with mannose to deliver medicine directly to the spleen and target critical immune cells thought to drive the disease.
A study analyzing Global Burden of Diseases data from 204 countries and territories found a rising global incidence of urolithiasis over the past three decades, with notable sex disparities. The disease burden is highest in males, particularly in Southeast Asia, whereas females show a higher vulnerability to the increase in risk factors.
A new study finds structural abnormalities in the brain and poorer motor function among NYC children exposed prenatally to chlorpyrifos. The findings are associated with progressively greater alterations in brain structure, function, and metabolism.
The 10th ITCTC Course will take place from 5-7 September 2025 at the University of Barcelona, featuring comprehensive education on haematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapies. Selected oral case presenters will receive travel grants to attend.
A new survey reveals that 83% of U.S. college students believe animals should not be used in classroom teaching laboratories if they are killed afterward and alternative methods exist. The survey also found that most students feel coerced into participating, with 20% willing to do so despite concerns about animal welfare.
A new study published in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery found that over 6% of patients experienced early hemodynamic valve deterioration just one year after undergoing TAVI. Smaller implanted valve sizes were significantly associated with the development of HVD, while larger valves appeared to be protective.
Researchers developed a new method to address the 'anticlustering' problem in medical data analysis, which distorts results due to batch effects. This method enables accurate research on endometriosis by minimizing batch effects and ensuring robust experimental design.
A team of researchers has confirmed Kolmogorov scaling in bubble-induced turbulence, revealing the fundamental rules of chaotic flows in fluids. The study provides new insights into the behavior of turbulent fluid motion and its applications in industrial designs, climate models, and more.
A Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) review of data collected from near-Earth asteroids Bennu and Ryugu supports the hypothesis that they were originally part of the Polana collisional family. The study found similarities in their near-infrared spectrum, suggesting a common origin.
The new CABI-published book Planet Fungi: A Photographer's Foray is a unique exploration of fungal biology and ecological significance, featuring hundreds of beautiful images captured in sharp focus. The book aims to educate and inspire researchers and amateur mycologists alike, shedding light on the intricate world of fungi.
A Phase I/II clinical trial found that gene therapy reduced seizures, improved oral feeding, and increased production of the HexA enzyme. Participants experienced fewer and more controllable seizures, and some remained on full oral feeds for up to 27 months.
A pilot study found that a four-week nature-based programme, Roots and Shoots, improved mood, mindfulness, and reduced stress in adults. The programme, led by the University of Exeter, empowered individuals to spend more time in nature and improve their wellbeing.
Researchers have created a wearable system that combines drug delivery, electrical stimulation, and continuous monitoring to treat diabetic foot ulcers. The microneedle platform anchors securely into the skin and adjusts therapy in real-time to prevent severe tissue damage.
Scientists have created a detailed map of cell behavior in the small intestine of people with coeliac disease using single-cell RNA sequencing. The study found that immune signals from immune system proteins encourage fibroblasts to support changes in the gut lining, suggesting communication between cells plays a key role in the disease.
A recent study by researchers at The University of Osaka discovered the crucial role of DNA repair enzyme Polβ in safeguarding the developing brain from harmful mutations. Accumulation of indel mutations near CpG sites may contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Researchers developed a new AI method, MIGHT, to improve the accuracy of medical diagnostics. It outperformed traditional methods in detecting cancer from blood samples and showed promise for other applications.
Researchers developed a real-time dashboard for monitoring biomass, carbon stocks and energy demand at a local level. This allows for targeted interventions, saving millions of shillings by preventing deforestation and reducing future energy crises.
A new study from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that glucose uptake is poorly managed in β-cells from people with Type 2 diabetes, leading to reduced insulin secretion. Restoring proper GLUT trafficking could slow disease progression and personalize therapies, according to the researchers.
Researchers have developed a new model to account for three-dimensional animal movement, addressing the challenge of studying animals that move up or down in space. The model provides accurate measures of 3D animal motion, including topography and Earth's curvature.
A team of researchers from Waseda University has developed a novel technology to control the crystallinity of pore walls in single-crystalline nanoporous metal oxides. The method, known as chemical-vapor-based confined crystal growth (C3), allows for simultaneous control of the material's composition, porous structure, and crystal size.
Researchers overcome nitrogen oxidation hurdles by interface-engineering 2D PdS2 nanoplates, delivering unprecedented stability and high nitrate yields. A sulfate-coupled platform enables scalable production of nitrate with reduced CO2 emissions.
Researchers identify two distinct gene transcripts, SiMYB2-Long and SiMYB2-Short, that regulate anthocyanin accumulation and pigment pattern formation in Saintpaulia flowers. The study reveals the genetic basis of flower patterning, potentially enabling more deliberate breeding of patterned flowers.
Researchers discovered seabirds, like streaked shearwaters, drop feces every 4-10 minutes while flying to avoid fouling feathers and attracting predators. This unique habit may help the birds stay clean and fertilize the ocean below with nutrient-rich droppings.
A TIFR Hyderabad study reveals that the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) senses wound gap curvature and changes its structure to guide cell movement. This distinct difference in ER morphology ends up playing a crucial role in deciding how cells move to seal wounds.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have created a new class of quantum sensors that can detect even the faintest molecular vibrations. This breakthrough could lead to earlier disease detection and enhanced industrial process control. By harnessing the power of quantum principles, scientists can now engineer the quantum environment...
Girls who go through puberty before age 11 have double the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and obesity, while women who give birth before 21 have quadruple the risk. Later puberty and childbirth are associated with longer lifespan, lower frailty, and reduced disease risk.
Two brain regions have been identified as a neural compass, allowing people to maintain their sense of direction while navigating naturalistic virtual reality cities. These regions are consistent across different city features and task phases, suggesting they track direction relative to the north-south axis.
Researchers discovered that vaccines induce changes in stromal cells of draining lymph nodes within hours, priming the landscape for immune responses. Different vaccines activate lymph node stromal cells differently, with some inducing specific effects on lymphatic endothelial cells.
A young investigator has received prestigious grants to continue research on using RAS inhibitors to treat blood cancers. The studies aim to understand the role of RAS mutations in acute myeloid leukemia and explore potential combination therapies.
A daily intranasal corticosteroid treatment with stapokibart resulted in reduced polyp size and improved nasal symptom severity after 24 weeks. Stapokibart, a novel monoclonal antibody, showed efficacy in treating severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
A large dataset on Mediterranean tree species has been compiled, revealing significant variations in endemic species across different botanical territories. The study highlights the need for stronger collaboration to support national and regional conservation policies for forest genetic resources.