A team of material scientists developed a new catalyst that simultaneously achieves high activity and remarkable stability for CO2-to-CO conversion. The ZnS@Fe-NSC catalyst features atomically dispersed iron active sites synergistically modified by sulfur atoms and adjacent zinc sulfide nanoparticles.
Researchers have developed DNA-based markers that can predict low-CR varieties with over 95% accuracy. The findings open a clear path toward breeding peaches that can thrive in warming climates.
Researchers at Texas A&M University found that polyethylene microplastic increases signs of fatty liver disease and exacerbates the condition when paired with a diet high in fat, fructose, and cholesterol. The study suggests environmental exposures and dietary habits work together to accelerate liver damage.
NC State is leading three Genesis Mission projects using AI to accelerate discovery in high-performance computing, cybersecurity, and astrophysics. The projects focus on developing AI-powered tools for scientific research, defending agentic AI against adversarial attacks, and embedding AI techniques in large-scale simulations of neutro...
Scientists have created an ultra-thin metasurface that enables the steering and shaping of light beams almost instantly, at a record speed of 74 femtoseconds. The breakthrough could contribute to optical computing, communications, high-speed imaging, sensing, and quantum technologies.
The latest APA journal issues feature research on schizophrenia, combined treatments and involuntary psychiatric detentions trends. Combined treatment approaches are presented as a promising emerging field to improve patient outcomes.
Scientists have developed an innovative platform to mechanically control circularly polarized luminescence, a phenomenon essential for next-generation technologies. The team created a supramolecular mechanophore that reversibly switches CPL on and off using force-induced swelling with solvents.
A mathematical model shows that greater fitness is not enough for a population to succeed; expansion speed and position also play crucial roles. Less fit species can win if they occupy favorable positions, such as peaks or protrusions.
The study provides the largest, most uniform spectroscopic follow-up of X-ray sources ever assembled, capturing tens of thousands of X-ray-emitting galaxy clusters. It reveals that rapidly growing giant black holes were surprisingly common in the early Universe and more 'hidden' black holes have been uncovered.
Researchers developed an automated computer vision system to monitor long-term bridge damage using routine drone inspections. The framework enables the tracking of structural damage progression and measurement of severity, with a maximum error rate of 4.61% compared to manual measurements.
Researchers designed a compact, optically addressed programmable metasurface using VO2-based phase change materials. The device enables pixel-level independent encoding and dynamic generation of THz wavefronts for various applications including zoom meta-lensing, vortex beams, and holography.
The new journal, Wireless and Communication Letters, is an international platform for high-quality research in wireless communications, networking, and communication engineering. It publishes original letters, full-length research articles, and comprehensive reviews on the latest scientific and technological advances.
A study found that metal–oxygen bond length is positively correlated with trace-element bioaccumulation across three plant-soil datasets. The relationship could help predict plant uptake and reduce the need for costly experiments.
Researchers developed a flexible, battery-free hydrogel bioelectronic patch that wirelessly monitors periodontal inflammation and delivers localized miRNA therapy. The system successfully distinguished MMP-9 levels between healthy volunteers and patients with periodontal disease.
The Advanced Light Materials journal presents research on lightweight and multifunctional materials. Featured papers are now available online at ScienceDirect.
Research on British Risso's dolphins reveals they form a single genetic entity, separate from those in the Azores and Mediterranean. The study suggests these dolphins have been isolated for some time, but further research is needed to determine their boundaries.
A new study reveals that plants with similar volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles can detect and respond to defense signals from neighboring plants more effectively. This finding offers a potential roadmap for designing more pest-resilient agricultural systems by strategically pairing plant species based on their VOC profiles.
Researchers developed a system to convert CO2 from industrial emissions directly into carbon monoxide without purification. The process achieved almost 100% conversion selectivity and consumed less energy than existing technologies.
Researchers identified a key enzyme, CtUGT52, that drives hydroxysafflor yellow A biosynthesis in safflower. The discovery enables breeders to select for medicinal safflower lines and paves the way for industrial production of flavonoid glycosides.
The study proposes a new hypothesis on the evolutionary history of dinosaur digestive systems by analyzing gastrolith shapes and dietary proxies. Herbivorous dinosaurs likely possessed rounded gastroliths with severe abrasion, suggesting mechanical grinding of plant material within their stomachs.
A research team at KAIST has developed RL-SPH, a reinforcement-learning-based method that can independently generate feasible solutions satisfying all constraints. The technique achieved a 100% feasibility rate across five benchmarks, reducing the primal gap by an average of 28.6 times and improving search efficiency.
A new study reveals that the brain plays a crucial role in protecting fertility during heat stress by sending signals to reproductive cells. Researchers discovered an unexpected communication system between the brain and germline cells, showing how animals adjust reproduction when conditions become unfavorable.
A study found that frequent chemical exposure and low antioxidant intake are associated with increased health symptoms among young laboratory scientists. The researchers also discovered that stronger safety knowledge is linked to better protective practices.
A novel 'point-to-point adsorption' technique facilitates scalable fabrication of ordered gold nanoparticle arrays for next-generation data storage, resulting in superior device performance. The approach leverages self-assembly behavior of block copolymers to create templates for precisely positioning AuNPs.
A Singapore team developed a machine-learning tool that accurately predicts liver cancer recurrence after surgery, outperforming the TNM staging system. The tool identifies two biologically distinct patterns of recurrence, enabling personalized approaches to risk prediction and targeted therapies.
A prospective cohort study found a graded association between sarcopenia and infection risk, with stronger associations for respiratory infections and sepsis. Muscle health influences immune function through myokines and amino acid mobilization.
A study found that heavy drinking amplifies the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity attributed to adverse childhood experiences in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Individuals with high ACE exposure who engaged in heavy drinking had substantially higher risk compared to those who did not drink heavily.
High-resolution Solar Orbiter data detected abundant high-frequency magnetohydrodynamic waves in coronal plumes, with energy contributions similar to those of transverse Alfvénic waves. The findings provide crucial evidence for the role of these waves in coronal heating and solar wind acceleration.
Researchers develop a physics-informed neural network to simulate fluid-structure interaction for an Euler-Bernoulli beam under steady flow. The framework achieves accurate results even with sparse data, showing great potential as a data-efficient method for numerical simulation.
A new study found that cells of the same chronological age can follow dramatically different biological aging paths. Tissues become a mosaic of biologically younger and older cells, with some individual cells aging much faster than others.
Researchers identified a protein-based defense pathway that helps neurons resist ferroptosis and oxidative stress after traumatic spinal cord injury. Strengthening this pathway improved motor recovery in injured mice by preserving sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) and activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2).
A dominant citrus rhizobacterium secretes a molecule that significantly enhances nutrient uptake across multiple crop species, leading to increased seedling dry weight and biomass. The discovery opens a new avenue for developing stable, microbe-derived alternatives to traditional fertilizers.
A KAIST research team has developed an RNA-based therapeutic strategy that blocks a brain signal to prevent muscle loss and extend survival in cancer patients. The treatment showed significant improvements in both muscle loss and metabolic dysfunction, with a notable increase in survival rates among treated mice.
Researchers found that water erosion increases microbial conversion of soil carbon to CO2, favoring decomposition of recalcitrant substrates. In contrast, deeper SOC remains more effectively protected within mineral-organic complexes and aggregates.
Research reveals microplastics can reduce cadmium's toxic effects on crops by up to 4.5-fold, and moderate oxidative damage and tissue contamination. The study's findings highlight the complexity of assessing agricultural soils contaminated by multiple pollutants.
Researchers developed oxygen-nanobubble-loaded biochar that maintains oxidizing conditions and converts mobile Cd into stable soil fractions. This approach supports beneficial microbial functions, improves plant growth, and reduces cadmium accumulation in rice tissues.
A study published in Pediatric Neurology found that Botox injections significantly reduced headache frequency and disability in children and young adults with chronic migraine. The treatment improved daily functioning and quality of life for these patients.
A recent study found that hospitals' wastewater controls significantly reduced antibiotic resistance in nearby waters, contrary to previous assumptions. Geography rather than hospital proximity was the primary factor shaping local resistomes. The research highlights the importance of effective treatment infrastructure and regulatory en...
Researchers have developed a zinc single-atom photocatalyst that degrades emerging contaminants and produces hydrogen peroxide through oxygen reduction. The catalyst, combined with pollutant degradation, offers a resource-recovering wastewater treatment strategy.
The review challenges common misconceptions about early milk production and breast pumps. It found that colostrum is sufficient for newborn needs and pacifier use does not interfere with breastfeeding. The study's findings suggest 'small changes' to support breastfeeding success in hospitals.
Current Surgical Endoscopy is a peer-reviewed journal covering advances in endoscopic surgery and related clinical disciplines. It aims to advance scientific knowledge and promote clinical excellence through innovative research and reviews.
A team led by Jeremy Levy and Chandralekha Singh describes the Inverse Seminar, a format that recovers hidden knowledge and decisions in scientific papers. The format involves a senior scientist listening to a junior researcher present their own paper, recovering undocumented material and uncovering new insights.
Scientists at Michigan State University and Czech Academy of Sciences have successfully recreated powerful compounds from deadly plants wolfsbane and larkspur, opening up new avenues for medicinal research. The discovery could lead to the development of new, sustainable drugs inspired by these natural products.
A Germany-wide research project aims to improve care for patients with invasive fungal infections, analyzing current treatment and developing a new care model. The project will use routine data from over 74 million insured persons.
Researchers found that female mice's microglia form prolonged contacts with neurons during recovery, leading to synaptic remodeling and plasticity. This phenomenon was not observed in male mice, highlighting differences in brain recovery processes between sexes.
Concordia researchers have developed a scalable technique that cuts waste while producing catalysts that convert carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals. The new method uses resonant acoustic mixing and dramatically reduces water usage compared to conventional methods.
Researchers developed a method to detect water ice on the moon using seismic waves, which can travel faster through frozen soil. This discovery is critical for NASA's Artemis program, which aims to send crewed landings to the moon's south polar region in 2028.
A survey study found that US women who own guns perceive themselves as safer than those who do not, with 41% believing owning a gun would increase their safety. The study suggests a need for targeted gun violence reduction interventions considering different perceptions of safety related to gun exposure.
Researchers have developed a genetic tool, mCHIRA, to study the effects of small sequence variations on gene regulation and tease apart the impact of genomic microenvironment. This approach enables scientists to test hundreds of regulatory DNA sequences and understand how cells determine which genes are active.
Researchers found that 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) restored mitochondrial balance and reduced inflammation in the septic heart. The compound lowered lactate production, limited actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B modification, and preserved cardiac contraction.
Researchers found that ESCRT-III proteins form a protective coating around exposed DNA bridges, preventing damage and ensuring genome stability. This discovery provides insight into how cells protect themselves from DNA damage events linked to cancer development.
Researchers found that women receiving beetroot juice experienced fewer serious adverse events, better kidney function after pregnancy, and reduced need for blood pressure medication. The study suggests beetroot juice could be a safe and low-cost intervention to support women with chronic kidney disease during pregnancy.
Participation in community gathering places significantly reduces the risk of cognitive disability in older adults who don't regularly exercise. The study found that these groups had approximately half the risk of developing cognitive disability compared to non-participants.
Researchers validated an AI-powered blood test that detected liver cancer in people from Guatemala and Romania with high accuracy, revealing new biological signals. The study builds on earlier research using a liquid biopsy platform and demonstrates the approach's effectiveness across different patient populations.
The University Hospitals and Clasp student loan repayment program offers up to $20,000 in employer-sponsored support for new graduate Radiologic professionals and Respiratory Therapists. The program aims to reduce financial barriers to education and attract top talent to the region.
Resonant meta-devices revolutionize imaging and display by achieving ultra-narrowband wavefront shaping and spectral decoupling. They enable multifunctional, high-purity light-field control with applications in AR/VR, LiDAR, quantum photonics, and biosensing.
A recent review suggests that consuming less protein could have greater health benefits and potentially extend lifespan. The review highlights the role of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in slowing aging by improving metabolism, reducing cellular damage, and preserving healthy cell function.
Researchers explore how engineered lanthanide carriers can tune the optical and magnetic properties of ions for improved signal contrast and reduced background signals in biomedical imaging. The study highlights opportunities for multimodal imaging, theranostics, and AI-guided probe design.
Researchers found that adding fine biochar to natural hydraulic lime boosts its compressive strength by 35.7% and increases CO2 uptake by 14.6%. The optimized material can support carbonation through biochar's porous structure, promoting calcium carbonate formation.
Researchers at Seoul National University have developed a novel approach using porous triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) feet and deep reinforcement learning controller, which significantly reduces battery power consumption in quadruped robots. The solution reduces energy consumption by up to 6.2% while maintaining stable locomotion.