Researchers found that metformin alleviates human cellular senescence, slowing down aging in primates. The study reveals that extended therapy yields geroprotective benefits, including cognitive improvements and rejuvenation of various tissues and organs.
Researchers have discovered a low-mass dark object, identified as a 3.6 solar mass black hole, located in the binary system G3425. The system's wide orbit and near-zero eccentricity make it difficult to explain through standard binary evolution processes.
Researchers identified PRMT5 as a therapeutic vulnerability for overcoming paclitaxel resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. PRMT5 inhibitors disrupt RNA splicing and chromosomal stability, inducing cell apoptosis and triggering cancer death.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals a new female-determining pathway in turtles, initiated by the transcription factor pSTAT3. Temperature-dependent sex determination in red-eared slider turtles is shown to result from antagonism between male and female signals.
Researchers discovered nanoscale silver can autonomously repair itself from structural damages like nanopores and nanocracks at room temperature and below. This ability is attributed to Ag atoms' surface-mediated self-diffusion driven by chemical potential imbalance.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have dated three volcanic glass beads from Chang'e-5 mission samples to 123 million years ago, confirming 120-million-year-old volcanism on the Moon. This finding suggests that celestial bodies like the Moon can maintain internal vitality for a very late stage
The study developed three types of nanostructures that combine L-phenylalanine with metal ions, reshaping the tumor's immune-suppressive environment and enhancing ICB immunotherapy effectiveness. The nanostructures activate DC maturation, triggering pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and promoting the innate immune response.
A new probiotic, Se-fLac, has been developed to treat ulcerative colitis by modulating the gut microbiota and reducing oxidative stress. The probiotic, which delivers selenium, showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mouse and non-human primate models of colitis.
Researchers have proposed a new scenario for rapid neutron capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis in common envelope jet supernovae (CEJSNe), producing the greatest abundance of elements heavier than lanthanides. This finding suggests that CEJSNe is critical for explaining the characteristics of r-enhanced metal-poor stars.
Researchers have developed a novel material featuring enhanced crystallization-resistance and improved mechanical properties. The high-entropy non-covalent cyclic peptide (HECP) glass also shows increased enzyme tolerance, making it suitable for pharmaceutical formulations and smart functional materials.
A new strategy for massive water production on the Moon has been proposed by Chinese researchers, utilizing reaction between lunar regolith and endogenous hydrogen. The study reveals that one ton of lunar regolith can generate over 50 kg of water, enough for 50 people for a day.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences create new antimatter nucleus and study its properties. They also find no significant difference between matter and antimatter lifetimes.
A study by Prof. WEI Fuwen's team reveals that improved habitat connectivity has helped increase pandas' population density and reduced inbreeding via enhanced gene flow. This finding will guide future conservation management for endangered species.
Researchers at IMR developed a hot-emitter transistor using graphene and germanium, achieving an ultralow sub-threshold swing and high peak-to-valley current ratio. The study provides a prototype of a low power, multifunctional device for the post-Moore era.
Researchers propose a new parameter to compare mantle-derived magmas from different depths, revealing constant oxidation state since Hadean, contradicting previous assumptions on O2 levels rise. The study integrates thermal state and redox state, providing insights into Earth's multi-sphere system co-evolution history.
Researchers have developed a new material with nanoscale voids that improves mechanical performance by increasing strength and ductility. The discovery could have applications in various industries such as portable electronics and aviation manufacturing.
Research shows asymmetric polar ice sheet evolution triggers temperature drop and water vapor boost in Northern Hemisphere, causing shift in glacial cycles.
A new cathode homogenization strategy has been introduced, improving the cycle life and energy density of all-solid-state lithium batteries. The strategy utilizes a zero-strain material, resulting in homogeneous cathodes that overcome the challenges of heterogeneous electrodes in various battery types.
Researchers have developed a novel polymeric multi-heterojunction structure that surpasses traditional materials' limitations, achieving a high dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) exceeding 1.0. The new design manipulates thermal conductivity in organic systems, leading to a significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivity and exce...
Researchers have analyzed the spike protein structures of newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 subvariants, revealing distinct '3-receptor-binding domains (RBDs)-up' and '2-RBDs-up, 1-RBD-down' states. The study supports the idea that immune escape is enhanced while receptor binding capacity fluctuates in evolving subvariants.
A new self-powered electrostatic tweezer offers superior accumulation and tunability of triboelectric charges, enabling flexible manipulation of objects in various scenarios. The device eliminates the need for complex electrode arrays and external power sources.
A new study confirms that human-induced climate change is making rainfall patterns more volatile globally, with increased variability observed since the 1900s in 75% of land areas studied. The researchers found daily rainfall variability to have increased by 1.2% per decade.
A recent study published in Science Advances has shed light on the close host–symbiont interactions in deep-sea chemosynthetic tubeworms. The research found distinct cell populations within the trophosome expressing genes associated with gas transport and metabolite shuttling, revealing a biochemical gradient facilitating chemosyntheti...
Researchers studied over 2,500 bones from the Baishiya Karst Cave and found a diverse range of animal species consumed by Denisovans, including blue sheep, wild yak, equids, and carnivores. The analysis revealed that Denisovans adapted to the harsh environment by processing animal carcasses and extracting resources.
A new study reveals that solar radiation can affect the Earth's deep interior, influencing the redox state of arc magma. The research found a latitude-dependent distribution of arc magma with less oxidized magma in lower latitudes.
Researchers have developed low-cost micro-sized silicon anodes from recycled photovoltaic waste using a novel electrolyte design. The new anodes exhibit remarkable electrochemical stability, maintaining an average coulombic efficiency of 99.94% after 200 cycles. This breakthrough addresses the major challenges facing micro-sized silico...
Researchers propose a novel approach using CRISPR to stabilize DNA G4s at specific genomic locations, enabling precise investigation into biological processes and disease associations. The method leverages CRISPR-guided biotin-conjugated compounds to target specific G4s with reduced off-target effects.
The study reveals that 'move' dominated during Eocene and Miocene Climatic Optimums, while 'evolve' prevailed after Miocene, correlating with global cooling and new habitats. The transition between these strategies has significant implications for plant survival and adaptation.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have provided mechanistic insights into the activation of SLAC1, a key anion channel involved in plant guard cell signaling. Phosphorylation of SLAC1 facilitates anion efflux, leading to membrane depolarization and stomatal closure.
Researchers developed an innovative gene-writing technology based on R2 retrotransposons, enabling efficient and precise targeted gene integration in human cells. The en-R2Tg system achieves high gene integration specificity at the 28S rDNA safe harbor site, reducing mutagenesis risks.
Researchers observe antiferromagnetic phase transition in a large-scale quantum simulator, capturing key findings in the fermionic Hubbard model. The study highlights the advantages of quantum simulation and advances understanding of quantum magnetism.
A research team used the "motion picture" method to measure the precession rate of the Milky Way's disk warp, revealing a slightly oblate dark matter halo with a flattening ratio between 0.84 and 0.96. The study found that the current dark matter halo exhibits a retrograde precession direction at a rate of 2 km/s/kpc.
Carbon nanotube fibers exhibit excellent mechanical properties, surpassing traditional ballistic fibers in terms of dynamic strength and energy absorption. The innovative multiscale structural optimization strategy achieved a breakthrough in both quasi-static and dynamic strength.
Researchers studied Chang'e-5 samples to understand how solar wind irradiation and micrometeorite impacts form metallic iron nanoparticles, revealing distinct effects on size and optical properties. The study provides insights into lunar surface color variations and remote sensing measurements.
The study found that MCT1 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and exercise activity in skeletal muscle, improving exercise endurance and metabolic phenotypes. MCT1 also plays a crucial role in the 'lactate shuttle' between muscle fibers, enabling efficient energy metabolism.
Researchers found that tropical tree communities exhibit higher levels of phytochemical diversity, leaf herbivory, and specialized herbivory compared to less diverse subtropical and subalpine forest communities. This study highlights the importance of biotic interactions in maintaining biodiversity in tropical regions.
A study published in PNAS reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying SSTR5 activation by neuropeptides and drugs, including cortistatin-17 and octreotide. The researchers employed single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine three-dimensional structures of SSTR5 bound to these ligands, showing how they trigger conformational ...
A new plant gene drive system, CRISPR-Assisted Inheritance (CAIN), has been developed to enhance trait inheritance in plants. The system uses a toxin-antidote mechanism to override Mendelian inheritance, allowing for the spread of beneficial genes at higher rates.
Researchers propose a novel hydrogel electrolyte formula that effectively interrupts water clusters and enhances water covalency, resulting in an expanded voltage stability window. The design improves the battery's climate adaptability by regulating Zn solvation and interfacial adhesion.
Researchers developed a crystalline carbon nitride membrane that outperforms traditional polymer membranes in separating lithium ions from magnesium ions in salt-lake brine. The innovative design mimics biological ion channels, achieving an impressive selectivity ratio of 1,708 for highly dilute lithium ions.
Researchers at NIMTE have developed a fatigue-free ferroelectric material based on sliding ferroelectricity, eliminating performance degradation and device failure. The bilayer 3R-MoS2 dual-gate device retained its memory performance after 10^6 switching cycles.
The discovery of Helicolocellus fills a 160-million-year gap in the sponge fossil record and suggests non-biomineralizing sponges existed in the Precambrian. The study bridges the Ediacaran and Cambrian fossil assemblages, providing insights into animal evolution.
Researchers have characterized the diversity of DNA transposons and expanded the genome engineering toolbox. They identified 40 novel transposons with activity in human cells, significantly expanding their evolutionary diversity.
A comprehensive study led by Dr. Luan Shenghua of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found a general factor of impulsivity that is stable and predictive of behaviors, contradicting claims of its demise as a personality trait.
The study found that programmed cell death is a prerequisite for sperm release in liverworts. MpMLO1 protein increases cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels and induces PCD, allowing sperm to enter the antheridial pore for fertilization.
Researchers identified an ideal small-grain gene, GSE3, and used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit it in male sterile lines, achieving fully mechanized hybrid seed production. This breakthrough enables significant yield improvements and enhances food security.
A new study reveals the continuous evolutionary history of rice from wild to domesticated over 100,000 years, with China identified as its birthplace. The research provides new evidence for understanding the development of human society and the origins of agricultural civilization.
Researchers from USTC identified a causal link between microbial regulation and colitis exacerbation, proposing a treatment approach by blocking the enterococcus-tyramine-ADRA2A axis. This study provides new ways for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers identify REF1 as a key local wound signal governing plant regenerative responses. Its application has improved transformation efficiency in crops like soybeans and wheat.
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes to understand the genetic composition of western plateau populations over 3,500 years. They found complex interactions between southern and western plateau populations, with Central Asian components introduced around 2,300 years ago.