Research by Emory University scientists identifies a mechanism in mother mice's brains that focuses their awareness on the calls of baby mice. The high-frequency sounds of pups inhibit neurons more attuned to lower frequency sounds, enhancing contrast and making them stand out.
Researchers found that routine diabetes screenings can lead to significant cost savings for healthcare systems. The study suggests that screening and preventive management can be a cost-effective approach to managing the disease.
Global health is defined as an area of study that prioritizes improving health globally, particularly in achieving equity among all people worldwide. The definition emphasizes transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions, involving multiple disciplines and promoting interdisciplinary collaboration.
T cells wear out during chronic infections due to limited presentation of viral antigens. Mice studies show altered MHC class I molecules on blood and immune system cells but missing from other cells, leading to exhaustion.
Vaccine refusal puts children at risk of infectious diseases like measles and pertussis, even if parents are vaccinated. Healthcare providers can play a critical role in explaining the benefits of immunization and addressing parental concerns.
Researchers found that obstructive sleep apnea thickens blood vessels due to NADPH oxidase enzyme activation, increasing the risk of pulmonary hypertension and other heart diseases. In mice, inhibiting NADPH oxidase reduced hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, suggesting potential treatment strategies.
A new delivery method of flu vaccine using microneedle skin patches has shown comparable effectiveness to conventional intramuscular injections. The patch-based approach eliminates pain, increases convenience and could lead to improved seasonal vaccination coverage.
Researchers at Emory University discover a process required for epigenetic reprogramming between generations, shedding light on fertilization, stem-cell formation, and cloning. The study found that histone protein modification can be inherited through cell-to-cell transmission.
A landmark study found that three-year-olds exposed to valproate during pregnancy had average IQs six to nine points lower than those exposed to other antiepileptic drugs. The study recommends women with epilepsy try alternative treatments before taking valproate.
Researchers studying HIV-infected individuals with effective HLA genes found that the virus mutates and evolves in response to immune pressure. The study suggests that a successful vaccine should induce responses to multiple epitopes, or combinations of HLA molecule and viral protein.
Researchers found that treating patients with their own bone marrow stem cells after a heart attack increased circulation within the heart. The study showed that higher doses of cells led to greater improvement in blood flow, but results for cardiac function were not significant.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine developed the Health ABC Heart Failure Model to predict risk of new onset heart failure in the elderly. The model, validated with a separate library of patient data, identifies high-risk individuals for targeted interventions.
A team of scientists at Emory University School of Medicine identified a direct link between oxidative stress and inflammatory signals in the blood. They found that supplementing the diet with cysteine can reduce inflammation by blunting the impact of sepsis-like inflammation.
Researchers at Emory University have discovered that DNA repair enzymes can relocate to specific areas of the cell in response to oxidative stress, which is linked to various human diseases. This finding could lead to the development of anti-cancer drugs that target DNA repair mechanisms.
A study using fMRI found that expert advice suppresses brain regions involved in making value judgments, particularly when risk is involved. This 'off-loading' of decision-making can lead to detrimental consequences if the trusted source turns out to be incompetent or corrupt.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine discovered that immune cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis have trouble turning on the enzyme that replenishes telomeres, leading to premature aging. This finding suggests that restoring defective telomerase could help 'reset' the immune system in rheumatoid arthritis.
Scientists have discovered a compound called zymosan that can respond to two different receptors in dendritic cells, sending both stimulatory and calming messages. This finding could guide the development of vaccines against infectious agents and potentially boost the immune system's ability to fight chronic infections.
Scientists at Emory Vaccine Center develop virus-like particles to combat H5N1 influenza. Mice immunized with VLPs showed long-term protection against lethal infection, offering an alternative to traditional chicken egg-based vaccines.
Researchers have found that bone marrow cells can promote the regrowth of both blood vessels and the protective lining of nerves in diabetic animals. This discovery has potential implications for treating neuropathy in people with diabetes.
Scientists at Emory University School of Medicine have found a way to block the toxic effects of tPA, a life-saving clot-busting drug used in acute stroke treatment. By blocking LRP1, a molecule that transmits inflammation signals triggered by tPA, the researchers were able to soften the drug's impact on the brain.
A nationwide increase in pediatric methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) head and neck infections has been reported, with a significant rise in prevalence from 12% to 28% over five years.
Researchers have identified a crucial biochemical step involved in nerve cells' response to DNA damage. Cdk5 activation is necessary before ATM can function in neurons, suggesting it as a potential drug target for neurodegenerative diseases. This discovery sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of ataxia telangiectasia and other neur...
A study by Emory University School of Medicine and CDC found childhood trauma increases CFS risk six-fold, with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms further exacerbating the risk. Low cortisol levels are also associated with childhood trauma, suggesting they may be a marker for CFS risk rather than a symptom
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have discovered that the protein alpha-synuclein interferes with the cell's recycling of MEF2D, leading to cell death. The study suggests that targeting MEF2D could be a potential way to regulate brain cells' response to toxic stresses.
Researchers successfully blocked PD-1, boosting anti-viral killer cells and antibody response, reducing plasma viral load and prolonging survival of SIV-infected rhesus macaque monkeys. The therapy showed improved function of T cells in the blood and gut, increasing antibody production against SIV.
Scientists at Emory University have developed strain-tuned quantum dots with new optical properties, reducing toxicity and size limitations. These particles can be made mostly of zinc and selenium, emitting light at near-infrared wavelengths, which could improve biomedical imaging and optoelectronics.
Hormones produced by fat cells stimulate breast cancer cell migration and invasion, while a class of drugs called EGFR inhibitors can block these effects, potentially blunting aggressive tumor behavior in triple negative breast cancer patients.
A multidisciplinary approach predicts the immunity of a vaccine based on gene expression patterns and T cell responses. The study successfully predicted immunity in up to 90% accuracy using the yellow fever vaccine as a model.
Researchers have discovered that cells can turn on tumor-promoting growth circuits as a result of misreading damaged DNA without copying it. The results suggest that DNA damage, if it hits certain critical genes in a cell, could lead to transcriptional mutagenesis that spurs the cell to divide.
Emory University's new Human Health: Molecules to Mankind (M2M) program trains students in both laboratory and population sciences, aiming to create a comprehensive approach to understanding human health. The program partners researchers from schools of medicine, public health, and other institutions.
The new guide provides standardized guidelines for collecting data from wild primates, aiming to identify infection patterns and prevent epidemics. By integrating research from various disciplines, the study seeks to reduce the risk of pathogens jumping from animals to humans and vice-versa.
Researchers have identified a new biomarker for heart failure, resistin, which can independently predict an individual's risk of developing the condition. Resistin levels were found to increase the risk of new-onset heart failure by 38% and were a stronger predictor than other inflammatory markers.
A new study found that hospital mortality rates for women and men have narrowed significantly over the last decade, particularly among younger patients. Women under 55 years old showed a 53% reduction in mortality, compared to 33% for men of the same age group.
Research highlights increased risk of post-MI death among African-American patients with acute myocardial infarction and previously treated depression. Persistent depressive symptoms at the time of MI hospitalization may indicate a more severe or recurrent condition.
Researchers at Yerkes National Primate Research Center discovered dental pulp stem cells can stimulate growth of neural cells, showing therapeutic potential for diseases like Huntington's and Parkinson's. The study suggests dental pulp stem cells may be used in cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine found that low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can protect mice from heart failure. The gas is administered intravenously to treat humans with heart failure, showing promising results in regaining heart function and reducing mortality.
Researchers aim to identify youth at high risk for psychosis with 85-95% accuracy, using brain development patterns, electrical activity, and gene expression. The study seeks to understand the neural mechanisms involved and potentially modify cortisol secretion to buffer teenagers against its effects.
Researchers from Emory University School of Medicine have found daily rhythms in blood vessel activity may help explain morning peak in heart attacks. The study revealed that the lining of blood vessels functions better at night, with endothelial function being particularly depressed in early morning hours.
A workplace obesity program implemented at 12 Dow Chemical Company sites showed modest improvements in health risks, including weight management and decreased blood pressure, after one year. The study, led by Emory University public health researcher Ron Goetzel, examined the effects of environmental interventions on employee health.
A new model predicts that vaccinating infants with PCV7 can prevent over 357,000 deaths during an influenza pandemic while saving $7 billion in costs. The research also shows routine pneumococcal vaccination can reduce flu-related deaths and costs in a typical season.
A study mapped the clan of mobile selfish genes Alu retrotransposons in the human genome, revealing that around 10,000 elements are still capable of jumping around and posing a major threat to human genetics. The research provides valuable insights into the behavior of these elements and their potential impact on personalized genomics.
Researchers developed tiny polymer beads that release anti-inflammatory drugs, breaking down into non-toxic components. The particles reduce inflammation and scarring, cutting the area of scar tissue in half and boosting heart function by 10 percent weeks later.
A hospital-based smoking cessation program, along with cardiac rehabilitation referrals, increases quitting rates following a heart attack. Approximately 47% of patients who received these services quit smoking six months later.
A new study from Emory University School of Medicine found that 55 percent of Parkinson's disease patients had insufficient levels of vitamin D. The study also showed a higher fraction of patients with the lowest levels of vitamin D, described as deficiency, in the Parkinson's group compared to Alzheimer's and healthy groups.
Researchers have discovered unique genes in the genome of Plasmodium vivax, a parasite responsible for 25% of global malaria cases. The findings could lead to the development of new drugs and vaccines against this debilitating disease.
A study found that compassion meditation reduces inflammation and emotional distress in response to stress. Regular practice was associated with stronger reductions in inflammation and emotional responses compared to those who received a health discussion control group.
Researchers found that beta-catenin plays a crucial role in solidifying fear memories in the brains of adult animals. The protein acts like a Velcro strap, fastening cells' internal skeletons to proteins on their external membranes.
Researchers analyzed data from over 5,500 cardiac arrest cases to determine the effectiveness of transporting patients to hospitals. The study found that applying the Basic Life Support Rule or Advanced Life Support Rule would have saved approximately 1,645 and 245 trips to the hospital, respectively.
Researchers found that hormone levels alter the brain's response to social cues, affecting preferences for male voices and behavior. The study suggests a possible neural basis for changes in human social decision-making across the menstrual cycle.
A team of scientists found that sooty mangabeys have less immune system activation during SIV infection, explaining why they don't develop AIDS. This difference may hold key to understanding the mechanisms underlying AIDS progression in humans.