Researchers compiled a comprehensive history of Arctic ice using sediment cores and proxy data, concluding that the current extent is at its lowest point for at least the last few thousand years. The study's findings suggest the volume of ice is shrinking much faster than its surface area, highlighting a troubling trend in climate change.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that many Latino immigrants in the US face discrimination based on skin color, despite efforts to be accepted as 'white'. Darker-skinned Latinos earn significantly less than their lighter-skinned counterparts, with a difference of $2,500 per year.
Researchers discovered little difference in current health status between normal-weight and overweight people across all age groups. The study also found that people with a BMI in the overweight range are generally not at a higher risk for current health problems compared to those of normal weight, regardless of age.
Scientists observed male topi antelopes in southwest Kenya faking alarm snorts to deceive females in heat, allowing for additional mating opportunities. The males' false alarms only occurred when females were in estrus, and the researchers found that these deceptions increased the males' chances of mating by nearly three times.
Researchers found that even tiny urban woodlots are valuable for Swainson's Thrushes and other migrant landbirds, providing food and protection. The study revealed that birds stayed in these sites for an average of four days, with the duration varying depending on factors such as calendar date, weather, and body mass.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that local ordinances in Appalachian states with weak statewide smoking regulations do not provide adequate protection against second-hand smoke. Stronger statewide clean indoor air laws are recommended to effectively regulate smoking in public places.
Scientists identified a tiny gene mutation that alters liver enzyme production, affecting drug processing and dosing. This mutation may serve as a biomarker to predict toxicity thresholds in cancer patients and tailor medication doses.
Scientists used quantum mechanics to simulate silica behavior under high-temperature and pressure conditions, revealing the mineral's structure changes dramatically with depth. The study suggests the lower mantle may be devoid of silica, except in localized areas where oceanic plates have subducted.
A study found that teen girls disclose more information about their dating habits than boys, with mothers being the preferred confidant. However, when it comes to issues involving sex and unsupervised activities, teens from both sexes are equally close-mouthed.
A new study suggests that declining Social Security benefits are a leading cause of older men staying in the workforce. The study found that between 25 and 50 percent of the increase in labor force participation among men aged 55-69 can be explained by declining benefits.
New research suggests that Charles Darwin's family was a living example of his theory on inbreeding's negative effects on offspring. The study found a positive association between child mortality and the inbreeding coefficient for Darwin's children, supporting his concerns about the risks of consanguineous marriage.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed nanoparticles that can enhance MRI scans and surgical procedures for brain tumor removal. The magnetic and fluorescent nanocomposites can help doctors visualize tumors before surgery, allowing for more precise removal.
A new study found that domestic violence victims have significantly higher health costs than non-abused women, with average costs of over $1,200 for the first two years after abuse ends. The study suggests that prolonged impact of abuse on healthcare costs is consistent with chronic health conditions.
A new study found that disadvantaged urban preschoolers are at risk of developmental delays in basic motor skills, such as running and catching. The researchers evaluated 469 preschool students and found that 86% scored below the 30th percentile, which is considered developmentally delayed.
A new study links brain tumor growth to reduced expression of over 600 immune system genes, revealing the complexity of the immune response to cancer. The research found that immune function genes were suppressed in almost 70% of genes examined, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers have successfully reproduced a key component of bacterial lipopolysaccharide structures, allowing for deeper understanding of their growth and potential antibiotic targets. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments against Gram-negative bacteria.
Researchers use powerful computers to identify molecular structures that have high potential as new medications by simultaneously targeting multiple hot spots on protein surfaces. This method has the potential to complement and increase efficiency of existing time-consuming methods.
A study by Ohio State University found that social factors like population growth and violent conflict are more important than democracy in expanding Internet use. Strong capitalism can help a country join the online community even if it lacks democratic freedoms.
Researchers from Ohio State University have successfully drilled the deepest core in the Antarctic Peninsula, reaching a length of 445.6 meters. The core may contain ice dating back to the last ice age, providing valuable insights into past global climate changes.
A recent survey of women undergoing gynecologic surgery found that most were not concerned about the effects on their sex lives, despite 37% expressing worries about reduced desire after sterilization. Hormone levels are not affected by these procedures.
Researchers developed a self-administered test to screen for early dementia, detecting 80% of mild cognitive impairments. The Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination (SAGE) can help identify individuals with Alzheimer's disease at an early stage, improving treatment outcomes.
A study of 100 teen bloggers found that most used blogs to discuss positive activities like studying, spending time with family, and going to church. The teens' blog posts showed little evidence of risky behaviors, with only a few instances of complaining about boredom or feeling negative emotions.
A recent study suggests that a deficiency of protein in the brain may contribute to cognitive impairment and congenital heart defects in Down syndrome patients. Researchers found lower levels of the protein in brains with Down syndrome compared to healthy controls, and an experimental drug increased its production.
Scientists have discovered that a tiny piece of RNA in cells lowers protein production needed for skin cell growth, suggesting new treatment strategies for chronic wounds. Researchers used an experimental drug to silence the RNA segment and saw increased protein levels and skin-cell growth.
Researchers found that an experimental oral drug lowered blood sugar levels and reduced inflammatory proteins in diabetic mice. The study suggests that targeting the MIF protein could be a viable therapeutic approach to treating Type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that college students who reported being more true to themselves also reported more positive dating relationships. Being authentic in one's beliefs and interactions with others can lead to healthier and happier relationships for both men and women.
A study found that people in positive moods are more likely to follow cues and stereotypes when evaluating trustworthiness. This occurs because happy individuals are less motivated to process information, leading them to rely on pre-existing expectations rather than new data.
Research at Ohio State University suggests that pandemic H1N1 flu strains may become resistant to Tamiflu, the primary antiviral drug used to treat the disease. The study found that mutations in the neuraminidase protein of seasonal and pandemic H1N1 viruses drove the development of resistance to Tamiflu.
Researchers have developed a urine test that measures the extent of nitrosation and garlic consumption in humans. The study found that higher garlic intake was associated with lower levels of potential carcinogenic compounds, suggesting that garlic may play a role in inhibiting cancer formation.
Researchers used gene therapy to deliver a portion of DNA that makes the SMN protein into newborn mice, resulting in improved muscle coordination and longer survival. The treatment corrected motor function, restored nerve signals, and improved overall health in mice with spinal muscular atrophy.
A new study found that typhoid fever bacteria form persistent communities on gallstones, making carriers particularly hard to treat. The infection is transmitted through fecal-oral contact and can lead to hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide each year.
Highly fit multiple sclerosis patients perform significantly better on tests of cognitive function than similar less-fit patients. Aerobic fitness has a protective effect on parts of the brain most affected by MS, leading to better performance on tasks that measure processing speed.
A new national study suggests that preschool-aged children with household routines of eating dinner as a family, getting adequate sleep, and limiting weekday TV viewing time have an almost 40% lower prevalence of obesity. Adopting these three routines could be an attractive obesity-prevention strategy for families with young children.
A study by Ohio State University found that college-age women who watched a televised drama about teen pregnancy were more likely to use birth control, compared to those who watched a news program. The drama's narrative effect was linked to feelings of vulnerability and emotional connection with the characters.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that people work about 30 percent harder when their group is competing against a lower-status group. The motivation gains were observed when students felt their group's superior status was threatened, and not when competing against similarly ranked teams or higher-ranked colleges.
Researchers have found a new way to study how enzymes repair DNA damage caused by UV light, which could lead to new therapies for sunburned skin. By using ultra-fast laser pulses, they were able to observe the motion of photolyases at the atomic scale, revealing unprecedented detail about the repair process.
Scientists have determined how a normal protein can be converted into a prion, an infectious agent causing fatal brain diseases in humans and mammals. The study provides the strongest evidence yet to prove the prion hypothesis and offers insights into molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.
Researchers developed a computer program that accurately measures the meniscus in radiology images, providing potential biomarkers for osteoarthritis. The program's automated measurements are as reliable or more reliable than human interpretations, completing tasks in minutes rather than hours.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that tocotrienol form of natural vitamin E can prevent nerve cells from dying after a stroke by blocking the release of fatty acids. The study suggests that this form of vitamin E has distinct functions and offers a potential therapeutic target for preventing and treating strokes.
A new study by Ohio State University shows that the environment plays a significant role in the development of reading skills in children. The study found that while genetics influence initial reading skills, environmental factors such as instruction and parental care have a more pronounced impact on growth over time.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that women who practiced yoga regularly had lower amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in their blood. This reduction in inflammation was also observed after stressful experiences, suggesting a potential long-term health benefit from yoga.
Astronomers found that only 10 percent of stars host planetary systems similar to our own, with several gas giant planets in the outer part of the system. The discovery was made using gravitational microlensing and is based on 10 years' worth of data from the MicroFUN survey.
A new study found that antidepressant medication during inpatient treatment can significantly reduce the risk of hospital readmission among suicidal adolescents. The research also highlights concerns over the use of multiple medications in this population, which was associated with a three-fold increased risk of readmission.
Researchers studying Greenland's glaciers have discovered that meltwater plays a more complex role in ice loss than previously thought. Water flowing beneath the ice contributes to ice loss through fast-moving outlet glaciers, but its effect is negligible overall.
Researchers found that college football linemen are at risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome due to their high body fat percentage. The study suggests that athletes concerned about maintaining a large size should prioritize healthy weight management and nutrition strategies.
Researchers found that 80% of rats survived cardiac arrest with chest compressions alone, but none survived without oxygen. Oxygen levels were essential for the animals to return to normal brain function at 72 hours.
A study by Ohio State University found that older adults with alcohol dependence problems drink significantly more than their younger counterparts. On average, those over 60 have 40 or more drinks per week, compared to 25-35 drinks for younger age groups with similar problems.
Researchers found that fans who experienced negative emotions during the game thought it was more thrilling and suspenseful. The study suggests that both positive and negative emotions contribute to entertainment and enjoyment, with negative emotions acting independently and together.
Researchers linked genetic data to visualize H1N1 flu virus movement around the world using Google Earth. The resulting map represents the most comprehensive analysis of avian flu transmission among sites in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
Drilled at 17,598ft above sea level in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range, the ice cores contain a number of insects and plant materials that may have originated from the Amazon Basin. The cores provide an annually resolvable record of climate conditions, allowing researchers to determine past temperatures and precipitation rates.