Researchers discovered a new receptor site in the brain that causes mice to become obese by storing fat and expending less energy. The study sheds light on genetic determinants of obesity, metabolism, and regulation of fat mass.
A study by Somnath Saha found that nearly a quarter of minority patients consider race when selecting physicians, with many preferring same-race doctors for language or personal reasons. This could impact medical student recruitment to create a diverse physician workforce.
A new OHSU study shows 54% of family members reported moderate or severe pain for dying patients in the last week of life, a sharp increase from 1997. Researchers attribute possible explanations to changes in pain treatment options and physician prescribing practices.
Researchers at OHSU have discovered new synapses between nerve cells and oligodendrocytes, suggesting a key role in myelin formation. These connections may help answer questions about how nerve cells regulate myelin production, potentially leading to treatments for multiple sclerosis.
A multicenter clinical trial has found that premature infant formula containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) improves visual development in preterm infants. The study involved 470 premature infants who received either DHA- and AA- fortified formula or standard premature infant formula.
A three-year study by OHSU researchers shows a team-centered model program reduces drug use and improves nutrition behaviors among male high school athletes. The ATLAS program integrated education on substance abuse, nutrition, and strength training, resulting in decreased substance use and improved self-esteem.
Oregon Health & Science University researchers will study why patients choose to die at home, exploring factors like decision-making process and patient pain concerns. The study aims to enhance understanding of the factors affecting end-of-life care delivery.
Researchers at OHSU's Casey Eye Institute have developed a new method to diagnose rare eye infections caused by the Acanthamoeba organism. Using a confocal microscope, they can now detect the early stages of infection, allowing for prompt treatment and preventing vision loss.
OHSU researchers successfully delivered chemotherapy across the blood-brain barrier for patients with primary central nervous system lymphomas. The study showed that 93% of treated patients achieved a complete response and participating centers outperformed OHSU in blood-brain barrier disruptions.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have successfully cloned an identical monkey named Tetra using embryo splitting. This breakthrough method shows promise for accelerating discoveries in human diseases like Alzheimer's, AIDS, and cancer.
A study published in Neurosurgery found that 42% of patients survived five years or more after receiving enhanced chemotherapy through blood-brain barrier disruption. The treatment also showed no cognitive loss or impairment in 36 patients, contrary to previous studies.
Two studies published in JAMA reveal that timely treatment with t-PA improves stroke recovery if administered within three hours. Meanwhile, a new catheter-based therapy called ProUrokinase offers promise for patients who cannot receive treatment quickly enough, resulting in impressive recovery rates.
Oregon Health Sciences University researchers have found a genetic link between vascular disease and the human cytomegalovirus (CMV), a member of the herpes family. The study suggests that CMV stimulates smooth muscle cell migration, leading to inflammation and blockage in artery walls.
Researchers are examining whether high doses of vitamin D can stop the progression or destroy prostate cancer. If successful, patients may be able to delay aggressive treatment and stay on the treatment indefinitely.
Researchers are tracking 5,700 men to determine the relationship between bone mass, structure, and lifestyle with fracture risk in men. The study aims to provide knowledge for designing prevention and treatment approaches for male osteoporosis.
A $55 million grant from NIDA is supporting the development of new drug addiction treatments through collaboration between researchers and community treatment providers. Over five years, Oregon will receive $11 million to test promising science-based treatments in real-life settings.
The Oregon Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Neurological Disorders (ORCCAMIND) has been established at OHSU with a $7.8 million NIH grant. Initial research projects focus on herbal medicines, yoga, and other alternative therapies for Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.
A study by OHSU researchers found improved quality of care to be the major factor behind declining hospital mortality rates for heart failure patients in Oregon. The study analyzed data from 1991-1995 and concluded that better treatment and care were key contributors to the lower death rate.
Scientists at OHSU have discovered a mechanism in the brain that controls weight, named the adipostat, which acts as a fat thermostat. The discovery could lead to medications that help regulate patient weight and prevent excessive caloric intake.
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have discovered a naturally occurring protein, herstatin, that inhibits the functions of the HER-2 oncogene, a major factor in breast and other cancers. Herstatin blocks the HER-2 signaling activity that causes tumor cells to grow, ultimately killing those cells.
Physicians at Oregon Health Sciences University's Doernbecher Children's Hospital are pioneering the use of bone morphogenic protein (BMP) to grow new bone structures. Emily Lang, a 12-year-old girl with congenital deformities, is the first child to receive BMP treatment on existing bone, showing promising results.
The university will fund studies to enhance firefighters' exercise and nutrition, prevent eating disorders and drug use among adolescent female athletes, and test random, unannounced drug testing for high school athletes. Principal investigators Linn Goldberg and Diane Elliot will lead the research.
Terminally ill patients in Oregon are more likely to receive care that aligns with their advance directives, resulting in higher patient satisfaction and reduced hospital deaths. The state's low in-hospital death rate can be attributed to its extensive resources for in-home hospice care and adult foster care.
The brain resolves conflicts between senses by inventing a new reality, as demonstrated in a study using a spinning device that recreates childhood experiences. This internal modeling allows the brain to create a sensation of movement even when the body is stationary.
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have identified a key brain peptide, orphanin, that regulates the body's inner clock and controls the circadian rhythm. The discovery opens new avenues for understanding sleep disorders and natural light cycles.
Researchers have found a secondary barrier in the brain that prevents certain drugs from reaching tumors and neurological disorders. The barrier is called the basement membrane and traps stealth agents while allowing others to pass through, highlighting challenges for gene therapy and drug delivery.
A recent study confirms that clot-busting drug tPA has no benefit in improving stroke recovery after three hours. Instead, it carries a 7% risk of worsening the stroke and a 3% chance of early death. The research firms up guidelines for using tPA, emphasizing the importance of prompt hospital care within the 3-hour window.
Researchers at Oregon Health Science University have uncovered a mechanism used by certain leukemia viruses to attach themselves to cell surfaces and sneak into cells. They've also developed a rapid cloning method for human genes encoding viral receptors, which could lead to new treatments for viral diseases.
A study at Oregon Health Sciences University found that an unloader brace can relieve pain, improve mobility, and delay or even avoid surgery in patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee. The device improved walking times, reduced pain medication use, and increased patient activity levels.
A study by Oregon Health Sciences University found that healthy older adults lose brain tissue at a relatively constant rate, not accelerating with age. The research suggests that it's possible to age normally without a rapid decline in brain health.
Despite electronic information retrieval systems, physicians often rely on colleagues, outdated textbooks, and non-relevant scientific journals due to time-consuming searches and limited relevance. Researchers advocate for better systems and further research to improve physician access to high-quality online medical information.
Researchers found that mice without the D2 receptor had lower alcohol consumption and aversion, suggesting a genetic basis for alcoholism. The study provides insight into the complex interaction between dopamine receptors and systems in the brain.
A study of 100 patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) found that 56% would consider assisted suicide, with fears of future suffering a primary motivator. Patient attitudes were not influenced by disease duration, depression, or pain levels.
A study by OHSU found that patients who completed the bright pink POLST form had high levels of comfort care and low rates of aggressive life-extending treatment. The form, which enables patients to state wishes on specific treatments, was designed to record patients' wishes in the present, not just future healthcare.
Researchers will evaluate traumatic brain injury treatment at OHSU and Legacy Health System's hospitals, rehabilitation services, and outpatient care. The study aims to better understand long-term outcomes for patients with brain injuries.
Researchers at Oregon Health Sciences University have identified a genetic cause for age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in the US. A large family study revealed a specific gene location on chromosome 1q25-q31, offering hope for future treatments and preventative measures.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University have found that treatment with sodium thiosulfate significantly reduces hearing loss in brain tumor patients receiving carboplatin chemotherapy. This breakthrough could help combat the hearing loss associated with platinum-based chemotherapy treatment for other types of cancer.
Oregon Health & Science University scientists begin human trials of a targeted drug therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia, aiming to eliminate leukemia cells with a faulty gene. The investigational drug has shown success in destroying BCR-ABL cells in mice and animal trials.
Researchers found that 69% of congestive heart failure patients in managed care plans were admitted to hospitals through the emergency room, compared to 29-58.5% for patients with other types of insurance. This may be due to barriers to outpatient care or timely hospital admission.
A study published in JAMA found that injured patients have a much higher death rate after leaving the hospital than the general population. This suggests that deaths after discharge should be included in any meaningful analysis of a trauma center's quality to get an accurate picture of its success.
A nationwide clinical trial involving nearly 400 patients showed no statistically significant difference in full recovery and mortality rates between those given citicoline and a placebo. However, the drug appeared to produce an improvement in a subset of patients with moderate to severe strokes.
OHSU scientists find obese mice resistant to increasing leptin levels, contrary to previous hypothesis that higher leptin would suppress appetite. The study sheds new light on the role of leptin in body weight regulation and raises questions about its potential therapeutic value for obesity treatment.
Researchers at Oregon Health Sciences University have found that HIV infection of endothelial cells leads to the development of cancerous B-cells in AIDS patients. The virus disrupts normal signaling mechanisms, causing an increased number of adhesion molecules to form and support the growth of malignant cells.
Researchers Cecilia Soderberg-Naucler and Jay Nelson identified the host site where human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resides and developed an activation mechanism in specific white blood cells. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments for HCMV-related complications, including birth defects and transplant deaths.
Researchers at OHSU found that mice without the D4 dopamine receptor exhibit increased locomotor activity when exposed to these substances. The study suggests that the D4 receptor may play a role in modulating drug effects and could be a new target for treating drug abuse.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University found an association between the HLA-A2 gene and the age of onset for Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that the two susceptibility genes HLA-A2 and apolipoprotein E (APOE) together account for a decade variation in the age of onset.
Researchers discovered that abnormal expression of the WT1 gene is linked to nearly 70% of breast cancers, which may lead to new treatments. The study suggests restoring functional tumor suppressor genes like WT1 could help combat breast cancer.
Researchers at Oregon Health & Science University shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying long-term potentiation, a key process for memory formation. The study reveals that CaM-KII plays a critical role in this process, enabling persistent changes in synaptic strength and storage of information.
Oregon Health Sciences University professor James T. Rosenbaum suggests two solutions to improve scientific expert testimony reliability: appointing experts or empaneling a group to advise the court. Using silicone breast implant litigation as an example, he emphasizes the importance of neutral expert panels and conflict disclosure.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that one child asphyxiated in a window covering cord every 27 days between 1981 and 1995. The most common scenarios involve infants in cribs near windows or toddlers suspended from pull cords after jumping or falling nearby.