The new 2012 Joint European Societies' Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice focus on lifestyle changes, public health initiatives, and individual preventive measures to address the growing burden of CVD. Experts stress the need for a co-ordinated society-wide effort to reduce mortality.
Researchers surveyed 357 nurses and found those exposed to workplace bullying had a stronger urge to leave than targets of bullying directly. The study suggests indirect experiences have a significant impact on turnover intentions.
Stephen Buck, EResources and Periodicals Librarian at Dublin City University Library won the 2012 library travel grant by showcasing a strong need for two-way dialogue between publishers and librarians. The award aims to facilitate this partnership, especially in challenging times.
A new study published in American Politics Research suggests that attack ads sponsored by independent groups are more persuasive and less likely to trigger backlash. The research found that voters punish politicians for sponsoring negative ads, but do not hold the independent groups accountable for their content.
A recent study published in Feminist Criminology found that male and female sex offenders received significantly different sentences for the same crimes. On average, male sentences were between 6% and 31% longer than female sentences. This disparity was attributed to societal norms and gender roles.
The British Association for Psychopharmacology has released updated guidelines for treating substance abuse and addiction, focusing on pharmacological management. The new guidelines provide a comprehensive review of evidence-based practices for practitioners to optimize clinical decisions.
A new study published in Communication Research found that playing violent shooting video games improves firing accuracy and influences players to aim for the head when using a real gun. Players who played violent games hit targets 33% more often and shot at the head 99% more frequently.
A new study published in the Journal of Family Issues found that military marriages are not more vulnerable to divorce than civilian marriages. Despite frequent deployments and separations, the risk of divorce among military couples has remained constant since the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq began.
Researchers found that men chaired committees awarded prizes to males over 95% of the time, despite women making up 21% of nomination pools. Women-only awards can mask disparities, but having women on committees increased their chances of winning.
A special issue of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists examines the debate over low-dose radiation risk, focusing on areas of agreement and disagreement. The issue includes essays from top experts in their fields, exploring topics such as the linear non-threshold theory (LNT) and its implications for policy.
A recent study published in Environment and Behavior found that placing fruit and vegetable bowls near participants increases the likelihood of eating them. However, this effect is more pronounced for fruits due to their natural sweetness, which stimulates brain reward regions.
A new scale measures homophobia beyond name-calling, finding male victims bullied by both males and females equally. Only 3.5% of high school students are victimized by homophobic aggressors weekly.
A new study published in The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science found that neighborhood characteristics, such as disadvantage and residential stability, have a significant impact on violent crime rates. Immigrant populations were not linked to higher levels of lethal violence.
The Association for Psychological Science and SAGE have launched a new peer-reviewed journal, Clinical Psychological Science, which aims to publish advances in clinical science and provide a platform for innovative research. The journal welcomes diverse topics, including translational articles, novel interventions, and theory-driven re...
A study found high levels of TRAIL protein in human milk, which may contribute to its anticancer properties. Researchers detected 400- and 100-fold higher levels of TRAIL in colostrum and mature breast milk than in blood.
A new study published in the American Behavioral Scientist found that left-wing blogs are more collaborative and less individualistic than right-wing blogs. Left-wing blogs incorporate more user activity, authorship, and calls to action, while right-wing blogs tend to be more hierarchical and rely on external sources.
A study found that math teachers favor white male students over others, regardless of actual scores. This bias affects the math pipeline, perpetuating inequality and limiting opportunities for underrepresented groups.
The American Academy of Political and Social Science recognized Paul Volcker's career for its use of social research in shaping public policy. Volcker, a former Chairman of the Federal Reserve, advocated for increased banking regulation, leading to the inclusion of the Volcker Rule in Dodd-Frank legislation.
Researchers found that drug use and sex with multiple partners were common behaviors among men who had been reincarcerated due to parole violations. The study highlights the need for prevention programs targeting substance abuse and sexual risk behavior among parolees.
Researchers identified a possible new feline disease in Scotland, characterized by robotic-like movements in cats. Meanwhile, an X-ray investigation of an over 2000-year-old Egyptian mummy revealed insights into cat burial practices, including treatment with natron and intricate wrapping techniques.
A study found that people with more socially-accepted mental illnesses, such as depression and mild mood disorders, receive less support from family members and friends. In contrast, those with severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder face greater rejection and discrimination.
A recent study published in Political Research Quarterly found that information gleaned from interrogational torture is likely to be unreliable and used too frequently. The study's author, John W. Schiemann, concludes that the use of torture makes it difficult for states to distinguish between real and false confessions.
New research reveals four key reasons why radical transparency is hard to achieve, including the limits of technological fixes, intermediary challenges, and government responses. The analysis highlights that information has no transformative power in its raw form, requiring distillation and interpretation to capture audience attention.
A new meta-analysis of LSD trials found that 59% of patients showed improvement in alcohol misuse, with lasting effects for at least six months. LSD interacts with serotonin receptors to stimulate new connections and open the mind, offering a promising treatment approach for alcoholism.
An independent investigation panel found that Japan's government and Tokyo Electric Power Company were unprepared for the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident. The panel's report highlights human errors and systemic failures, including a lack of disaster planning and inadequate training.
A recent study found that in the US, economic prosperity primarily benefits richer households, while those in lower and middle-income groups struggle to improve their financial situation. The study analyzed data from over 60,000 US households between 1996 and 2003, revealing a widening income gap.
Researchers found that higher concentrations of 1,8-cineole in the blood correlate with improved cognitive performance, including speed and accuracy tests. Positive mood also showed a significant relationship with 1,8-cineole levels, proposing that contentedness may improve performance.
A recent study found that strictly enforcing possession of alcohol under the legal age reduces the likelihood of teenagers engaging in alcohol-related crime as adults. Teens who experienced strict enforcement were arrested less frequently for vandalism and assaults as young adults compared to those with more lenient laws.
Researchers verified that WIC administrative records accurately reflect breastfeeding practices among over 2000 low-income mothers. The study's findings provide a critical resource for nationwide breastfeeding surveillance and monitoring systems.
The SAGE/CSWE Award for Innovative Teaching recognizes individuals who have brought about innovative teaching methods in social work education. The award promotes the exchange of ideas and encourages collaboration among educators.
Researchers Lorette I. Winters and Paul C. Winters found that while black teens are twice as likely to be pregnant, rates for minor whites have increased and surpassed those of poor black minors. In better economies, the difference between black and white teen pregnancies nearly disappears.
A recent study found that African American women starting a new group weight loss program are more successful if they meet in a church setting, especially those with less experience managing their weight. The study also shows that social support plays a crucial role in weight loss success.
A new editorial aims to clarify drug and alcohol addiction terminology by defining current treatments' modes of action and targets. The authors suggest that a better understanding of these elements would aid in the development of more effective treatments, particularly for opioid and tobacco addictions.
A study found that people primed with feelings of love for their partner behaved more aggressively towards attractive rivals. Meanwhile, researchers discovered that men who confess love first tend to feel happier than women in the long run.
A new study finds that desires for sleep and leisure are the strongest, yet hardest to resist, while those for media and work are the weakest. Resisting desires is not easy, as willpower becomes lower throughout the day, making it more challenging to make self-control efforts.
A new study analyzing 40 years' worth of voter data suggests that Americans perceive more political polarization than actual differences exist between parties. Contrary to popular belief, those who perceive greater polarization are more likely to engage in politics, attend rallies, or donate to a party.
Researchers have developed new interventions targeting influential students to reduce bullying, while increasing teens' interest in STEM courses through parental involvement. Additionally, interventions improving women's perceptions in engineering have shown promising results, highlighting the power of social-psychological approaches.
A study found that conspiracy theorists endorse contradictory beliefs, such as believing Princess Diana faked her own death and also thought she was assassinated. People who distrust authorities are more likely to hold these inconsistent views due to their perception of deception.
The new guidelines provide a contemporary, evidence-based approach for investigators conducting randomised, controlled migraine clinical trials. Key findings include the importance of patient selection, trial design, and evaluation of results in both acute and preventive settings.
Research challenges common assumption that direct employee involvement leads to high job satisfaction, which in turn boosts performance. Enriched job design approach offers employees discretion, variety, and responsibility, while high involvement management model encourages team working and idea-capturing schemes.
A recent study found that the number of deaths at home in the UK has increased significantly since 2004, with more than one-fifth of total deaths occurring at home. The trend reversal is particularly notable among those aged 85 and over, who are now dying at home more often than ever before.
A physical activity program has been shown to improve behavioral scores in children with ADHD, as observed by both parents and teachers. The study suggests that structured group physical activity can have positive effects on behavior in various settings of the child's life.
A new study found that a contract grading system leads to higher grades and higher student satisfaction compared to traditional points-based courses. Students who signed a contract aimed for a specific grade and completed more assignments received better grades, indicating increased motivation and engagement.
A new study in Armed Forces & Society explores how the US military contributed to the widespread appeal of college football. The research highlights the role of World Wars in bringing about issues like payment of college athletes.
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists' special issue reviews 2011's top threats, including Iran's nuclear program, Fukushima's aftermath, and a growing partisan divide in US climate policy. The Doomsday Clock Symposium evaluates the world's progress on biological threats and nuclear disarmament.
The article highlights the importance of pharmacists' knowledge of toxic agents and treatment methods in event of a chemical weapons attack. Pharmacists can provide valuable expertise to healthcare facilities and government agencies, and are also essential in managing biological, radiological, and nuclear threats.
A new study found potential causes of strokes in young football athletes, including hyperventilation, obesity, and repeated neurological injury. The authors highlight the increased force of impacts among obese players, which also increases the likelihood for other stroke risk factors like hypertension.
Two papers examine the history of Healthy People Objectives and the new integration of social determinants in Healthy People 2020. The authors conclude that addressing root causes requires collective effort and expanded partnerships to make true impacts on public health. Health experts call for systems thinking and a new metric of heal...
Researchers attribute the prolonged political crisis in Belgium to divergent collective memories held by Flemish and French-speaking communities. These memories, rooted in linguistic, historical, and economic domains, have fueled mutual resentment and hindered national identity formation.
A large-scale study found that a costly intervention programme designed to reduce early retirement had no measurable effect. The programme aimed to help participants adopt a healthier lifestyle and manage stress, but it did not improve perceived health outcomes.