A recent study evaluates proxy-based reconstructions and model simulations for past temperature changes, finding that uncertainties increase over time. The results show that climate modeling results are less reliable than proxy-based reconstructions, especially during Medieval times.
High accuracy surface modeling (HASM) integrates extrinsic and intrinsic properties, producing accurate results in various applications. The fundamental theorem for earth surface system modeling (FTESM) combines surface theory, system theory, and optimal control theory.
Researchers have discovered that LHCII trimer acts as a molecular machine responding to environmental conditions like temperature and acidity. This mechanism enables the protein to switch between efficient light collection and photoprotection, promoting energy dissipation when necessary.
A study published in National Science Review found that COVID-19 lockdowns in China led to a sharp reduction in transportation emissions, but this was offset by an increase in secondary particle formation due to enhanced atmospheric oxidizing capacity. The study suggests that coordinated control of various primary emissions is necessar...
Researchers have found a new material with extremely low thermal conductivity, attributed to the weakening of chemical bonds in its one-dimensional chain structure. This discovery opens up potential applications for thermoelectric materials and thermal barrier coatings.
Researchers applied a new Gaussian mathematical model to high-precision laser 40Ar/39Ar dating data from the Tengchong area, resolving 3 volcanic eruptive stages: Pliocene (3.78 Ma), early Middle Pleistocene (0.63 Ma) and late Middle Pleistocene (0.139 Ma). The method reduces uncertainty and defines stages with high precision.
Researchers synthesized Nb2O5 nanotubes on carbon cloth via a simple hydrothermal process, achieving high reversible capacity of 175 mAh/g and energy density of 195 Wh/kg. The material shows good conductivity, reduced volume expansion, and flexible operation conditions.
Researchers summarize the processes involved in forming porphyry copper deposits, including dehydration, magma ascent, assimilation, storage, and homogenization. The study highlights ongoing challenges, such as tectonic control on geochemical characteristics and metal pre-enrichment mechanisms.
Researchers simulate Holocene effective moisture change in East and Central Asia using a virtual lake system. The study reveals that changes in precipitation and evaporation patterns drove climate change in the region, with decreased effective moisture in the Tibetan Plateau primarily attributed to decreased summer solar radiation.
The regional coupled C-N-H2O cycle involves regional transport and transformation processes, biogeochemical C-N-H2O processes, and interactions between elements at the terrestrial-atmosphere and terrestrial-freshwater interfaces. Climate change impacts the cycle by driving nutrient cycling, primary productivity, and abiotic processes.
Researchers developed single-cell yolk-shell capsules with high biological activity and stability, addressing limitations in industrial reactors. The capsules exhibit size-dependent permeability and molecular recognition abilities, enabling enhanced cell survival and viability.
Researchers used co-clustering analysis to study the spatio-temporal differentiation of spring phenology in China. The results revealed three spatial patterns and five temporal patterns, with most areas in China exhibiting a stable state, while northern regions showed fluctuating trends.
Scientists used complex network theory to analyze nuclear reaction networks, identifying stable nuclides and patterns in thermonuclear reactions. The study revealed that certain reaction patterns fade away or change shape as the number of protons reaches a certain threshold.
A study by Chinese researchers suggests that fencing is necessary in severely overgrazed areas but short-term fencing options should be considered. The authors propose encouraging traditional free grazing practices and removing existing long-term fences to benefit wildlife.
Scientists at Peking University found that the contact characteristics of 1T'/2H-MoTe2 phase boundary depend on the tilt angles between metallic and semiconducting phases. The researchers discovered that a 0° tilted phase boundary has stronger atomic bonds and better contact performance.
Viral particles move along microtubules to form a nuclear vesicle, releasing HIV-1 into the nucleus. This phenomenon is similar to cell endocytosis and reveals new insights into HIV-1 nuclear entry.
The Solar Ring mission aims to study the Sun and its influence on the inner heliosphere using a novel six-spacecraft configuration. The mission will provide unprecedented capabilities, including determining the photospheric vector magnetic field with unambiguity and resolving solar wind structures at multiple scales.
Researchers analyzed long-term first bloom dates dataset using Bregman block average co-clustering algorithm with I-divergence, revealing spatio-temporal differentiation of spring phenology in China. The study identified three spatial patterns and five temporal categories, with most areas belonging to the stable state.
A new methodology for assessing the credibility of historical global land use/cover datasets has been proposed, addressing temporal and spatial changes. The approach evaluates accuracy, rationality, and likelihood assessments through five case studies, providing a framework for improving data quality.
Scientists create vertical spin valves using 2D van der Waals materials, eliminating the need for a spacer layer. The devices exhibit low resistance-area products and low operating current densities, making them suitable for future spintronics applications.
Researchers discovered an oxygen-excess phase in the mid-mantle that contains more oxygen than hematite. This new phase could have long-termly oxidized the shallow mantle and crust, influencing global habitability.
Researchers predict novel helium-methane compound He3CH4, stable under high pressure, with unique phase transitions upon heating. The compound's van der Waals interactions facilitate efficient heat transport, affecting a planet's interior and surface temperature.
Research finds that ferropericlase transforms into superoxide when exposed to water at deep lower mantle conditions. The discovery suggests the lower mantle is locally oxidized where water is present, contrary to previous theories.
A recent study has uncovered evidence of ancient cultivated rice in Central Asia, dating back to the Kushan period. The discovery sheds new light on the spread of rice agriculture and its role in early global trade.
A recent study explores the application of deep learning in ecological resource research, addressing challenges such as multi-source/multi-meta heterogeneity and high dimensional complexity. The study highlights the potential of deep learning in connecting computer science with classical theoretical sciences in ecology.
A new soil moisture product has been developed for mainland China, utilizing a dual-pass data assimilation system that auto-calibrates model parameters. The product provides gridded soil moisture data with a spatial resolution of 0.25° over China, showing consistent patterns with precipitation and evaporation.
Researchers found that divergent flowering times caused nearly complete reproductive isolation between two wild rice species. The change of flowering time of the new species O. nivara is an adaptation to shifted environments.
Researchers developed a new descriptor named orbital electrostatic energy (OEE) to describe electrostatic properties of ions and arene π systems. OEE strongly correlates with binding energies, especially for multiply-shaped ion-π complexes.
Researchers discovered molybdenum telluride (MoTe2) nanoflakes exhibit high activity and selectivity for H2O2 production in acidic media. The nanosheets show improved performance over state-of-the-art Pt-Hg and Pd-Hg alloys, with potential applications in decentralized H2O2 production.
Researchers developed an intent-defined optical network (IDON) with artificial intelligence-based automated operation and maintenance to address the challenges of manual configuration. IDON achieves intent-oriented configuration conversion, adaptive generation and optimization strategies, and closed-loop intent-guaranteed operations, d...
Scientists developed hollow structured photocatalysts with controllable spatial location of active metals, chemical compositions, and tunable shell thickness. AuPt@HMZS nanoreactors exhibited excellent catalytic activity in cinnamyl alcohol oxidation under visible light.
Researchers at Anhui University and Nanjing University successfully constructed 1D linear chains, 2D grid networks, and 3D superstructures from Ag29(SSR)12 nano-building blocks. The hierarchical self-assembly enables remarkable optical absorptions and gas storage properties in the assembled frameworks.
Scientists have developed a 4D electric circuit network that simulates a topological insulator, exhibiting unusual properties such as quantized Hall currents and surface excitations. The work paves the way for studying topological phase transitions, non-linear effects, and quantum open systems.
Researchers found that molecule-plasmon coupling strength affects SEIRA spectral lineshapes, which are crucial for molecular detection. The study revealed how coupling distance, molecular density, and plasmon loss impact spectral profiles.
Researchers found significant changes in the Pacific Walker circulation between 54-48 million years ago, with a broadening of ~38°. The circulation's intensity increased as the climate cooled, but its location was controlled by plate movements and CO2 concentrations.
Surface doping of organic semiconductors using two-dimensional molecular crystals has been shown to improve their electronic properties. The use of 1D/2D composite single crystals enables highly controllable doping at the monolayer precision, resulting in increased mobility and reduced threshold voltage. This approach holds great promi...
Researchers discovered a Jurassic stick insect that employed mimicry by resembling ferns to protect itself from predators. The discovery reveals the earliest known specializations for mimicry and defense in stick insects, dating back 165 million years. This finding sheds light on the evolution of these remarkable insects.
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown promise in treating non-small cell lung cancer, but the proportion of patients who benefit from these treatments is relatively small. Researchers are exploring biomarkers to identify potential beneficiaries and improve cost-effectiveness.
Researchers have developed genetically-encoded X-ray-sensitive tags for site-specific labeling of protein-of-interest in mammalian cells. This enables endogenous labeling of diverse molecules and subcellular structures with an ultrahigh spatial resolution of ~30 nm. The high photostability of these tags allows long-term observation of ...
The article introduces a new theory of detonation-driven hypervelocity shock tunnels, covering three aspects: special features, detonation driver concept, and interface-matching problem. It demonstrates the successful application of this theory in developing large-scale hypersonic test facilities.
Researchers have discovered high-Chern-number and high-temperature Chern insulator states in MnBi2Te4 devices, exceeding previous records by achieving two dissipationless edge states above 10 K. The findings have the potential to revolutionize low-consumption electronics and integrated circuits.
A bitter melon extract intervention restored TRPM5-mediated aversion to high salt stimuli, reducing excessive salt intake and improving cardiovascular damage in mice. This approach may provide a promising strategy for reducing high salt-induced hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.
A recent study reveals that Cr(III) dominates in all sedimentary marine carbonates, contradicting previous theories on the oxidation of Earth's early atmosphere and ocean. The findings suggest that either microbial reduction or preferential uptake of Cr(III) by carbonate may be responsible for the absence of Cr(VI) in these rocks.
At 1.1 million years ago, early human inhabitants of the Nihewan Basin developed novel technological innovations to cope with strengthened aridification and changing environmental conditions. These advancements provided benefits to early hominin populations in China, highlighting their adaptability.
Researchers have designed a π-conjugated small-molecule HTL material BDT-TPA-sTh, which improves hole-mobility and wettability with the perovskite precursor solution. This enhances the efficiency of p-i-n planar pero-SCs for large-area modular devices.
Researchers used the 'gene' theory to predict new families of HTSCs in cubic zinc-blende transition metal compounds. Theoretical analysis showed a d-wave superconducting state with nodes in diagonal directions, breaking time reversal symmetry.
A recent study found a significant decrease in PM2.5 concentrations in eastern China and corresponding reductions in heavily polluted days. However, surface ozone levels have been increasing in most cities during the same period, indicating stronger photochemical pollution.
Researchers successfully image atomic nuclei in three materials using a new microscopy type called ANXRI, which combines aberration-corrected STEM and EDS. The accuracy of ANXRI reaches 1 pm, allowing for adjustable individual imaged sizes of atomic nuclei.
Researchers propose a scheme to realize selective directional coupling of near-field longitudinal waves based on inherent geometric properties and symmetry analysis. The work enables the creation of Janus and Huygens sources, which selectively couple with one side or two sides of the near-field pattern, respectively.
Researchers have introduced a new concept for designing photocatalytic systems with reversed configurations, which significantly improve light absorption, charge separation, and surface catalysis. This design concept can be extended to other systems and reactions to promote solar-to-chemical conversion.