The University of Minnesota has been awarded a $10M grant to lead a national effort in food bio-security. The grant aims to enhance the nation's capabilities to anticipate and prevent deliberate contamination of the food supply, which could have devastating effects on human health and the economy.
A comprehensive study of plant physiology has found that fast-growing plants (hares) are more susceptible to pollution, while slower-growing plants (tortoises) are better adapted to control energy consumption. The research provides insights into how plants respond to environmental changes.
Young female chimpanzees learned to fish for termites at 31 months, while young males began playing and swinging around at 58 months. Females also copied their mothers' fishing techniques more closely, reflecting their adult sex roles.
The completed genome sequence of Cryptosporidium parvum provides new insights into the parasite's genetic makeup and biochemical pathways. This information can be used to develop early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies for humans and animals affected by the parasite.
A study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology found that nearly all women take prescription medications (92%) and self-medicate with over-the-counter medications (96.5%). Researchers also discovered potential drug interactions, including those between antidepressants and herbal supplements like St. John's wort.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota are testing a new treatment for bulimia nervosa, VNS Therapy, which targets the vagus nerve to reduce urges to binge eat and vomit. The study builds on previous research that found voluntary binge eating stimulates the vagus nerve, leading to involuntary behaviors.
Researchers have successfully treated individuals with Type 1 diabetes using a single infusion of islet cells, with recipients maintaining insulin independence for over one to three years. The new treatment approach uses optimized recipient immunosuppression and a novel anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody.
Researchers developed a computer model to predict the effects of different hunting regimes on lion populations over 50 years. The study suggests that males aged 5 or older can be sustainably hunted without limits, while younger lions are prohibited to ensure population stability.
A University of Minnesota physicist reveals surprising accuracy in superhero comics regarding basic physical concepts. He uses Superman as an example to calculate the strength needed for superhuman feats.
University of Minnesota professors Terry Roe, Ronald Phillips, and G. Edward Schuh will discuss topics such as trade disputes, GMO crop plantings, and biosafety protocols at the symposium. The event aims to shed light on the impact of international trade policies on economic growth and institutional reform in less developed countries.
A recent study found that stress affects men and women differently when it comes to nicotine addiction and relapse. Women experience greater emotional side effects, while men struggle with biological changes during abstinence. The study also revealed that cortisol levels play a crucial role in triggering cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a new reactor that can convert ethanol into a form of hydrogen from renewable fuels. This process has the potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and increase the efficiency of fuel cells, making it a promising solution for a sustainable energy future.
Researchers created an experimental model that limited radiation to the site of cancer in mice, demonstrating a localized single radiation dose decreases painful behavior and increases limb use. Treated mice had significantly less bone destruction and tumor burden, leading to greater pain relief.
A study of 150 children and adults found that African-American, East African, Hispanic, and Native American subjects were nearly entirely vitamin D deficient. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with significant risks for osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and multiple sclerosis.
Researchers developed a magnetic resonance spectroscopy method to quantify choline levels in breast tissue, distinguishing malignant lesions from benign lumps. The technique uses high magnetic fields and mathematical approach to account for tissue variations.
The University of Minnesota has been awarded a major NIH contract to bring new cellular therapies to human clinical trials. The project will focus on developing biological therapies using adult stem cells, umbilical cord blood, tumor vaccines, and genetically modified immune system cells.
A study predicts that monarch butterfly winter refuges in central Mexico will continue to decline due to increased storms and wet conditions. Human activities such as deforestation and logging further exacerbate the problem, threatening the survival of these iconic butterflies.
The University of Minnesota is receiving a $1 million grant to expand its assisted living services for the elderly using telemedicine technology. The VALUE project will bring healthcare services directly into the homes of elderly people who lack access to affordable care.
Researchers found that feeding ginger to mice before and after tumor injection slowed tumor growth, with 12 out of 20 mice still alive at the 49th day. The study suggests that ginger compounds may have chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic effects on colorectal carcinomas.
The University of Minnesota has received a grant to sequence the complete genome of Arthrobacter aurescens, a soil bacterium that can break down environmental pollutants. The project aims to gain tools, such as genes and enzymes, to clean up contaminated environments.
The University of Minnesota is sequencing the Medicago legume genome with a $10.8 million NSF grant, led by Professor Nevin Young. The goal is to understand nitrogen fixation and health-promoting compounds in legumes.
Researchers identified cardiovascular abnormalities in 39% of participants, highlighting the need for early recognition and treatment. The study suggests that effective treatment can prevent 90% of heart attacks and strokes.
Dominant pharmaceutical firms introduce more radical innovations than smaller counterparts, resulting in substantial financial rewards. They average a $456 million gain in stock value after product approval, significantly outperforming nondominant firms.
A two-year research project on Minneapolis-based Definity Health found that it attracted higher-income families and was popular among those aged 35-44. Consumer-driven plans also showed an increase in demand for prescription drugs over time.
A University of Minnesota study suggests a decline in US trans-fatty acid consumption is contributing to lower rates of coronary heart disease. The findings come as food manufacturers are required to disclose trans-fatty acid amounts on nutrition labels.
Researchers found that tea polyphenols interfere with signaling pathways inside cells that may order cells to divide and multiply. By inhibiting these pathways, polyphenols can prevent cancer development.
Researchers have successfully differentiated adult bone marrow stem cells into functional dopamine-producing cells, similar to those found in embryonic and neural stem cells. This breakthrough holds promise for developing new treatments for Parkinson's disease.
A study by University of Minnesota and Fairview Health Services validates collaborative care approach between pharmacists and physicians to reduce healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes. Pharmacists resolve an average of 2.3 drug therapy problems per patient, increasing desired effects from 74% to 89%.
Research finds exotic earthworms alter forest composition, reducing sugar maple seedling cover and plant species richness. Sedge species overpopulates, becoming difficult to control.
Scientists have confirmed a new target for treating skin cancer by identifying the JNK2 enzyme. When JNK2 is lacking, skin cells are inhibited or delayed in response to UVB light. This delay could lead to a reduction in nonmelanoma skin cancer development.
Researchers found that introduced plants from different guilds struggled to establish themselves in plots with high species richness. The presence of warm-season grasses had a strong inhibitory effect on invaders from all four guilds, suggesting they offer stiff competition for resources.
Researchers have found an increased risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer among childhood cancer survivors, with the University of Minnesota presenting their findings at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting. The study's lead author notes that further research is needed to determine why this association exists.
Research reveals that survivors of childhood cancer are experiencing significant sleep disturbances even years after completing treatment. The University of Minnesota study aims to investigate the causes and effects of these issues.
The University of Minnesota is leading a new initiative to create standardized safety protocols for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the agricultural biotechnology industry. This effort aims to address concerns about GMO safety and reduce regulatory stalemates.
A University of Minnesota study found that ear problems decreased significantly over time after ear tube placement for children with otitis media with effusion (OME). The annual incidence of ear problems was highest during the first three to five years, but declined thereafter.
Researchers found that radioactive elements like potassium could supply enough heat to maintain the magnetic field, contradicting previous studies. The discovery helps explain Earth's long-lasting magnetic field and may shed light on the planet's core composition.
A new study by the University of Minnesota found that 8% of nursing home residents were already taking antiepileptic drugs on admission, while another 3% were prescribed them within three months. The study suggests that many primary care providers underestimate the use of these medications among elderly nursing home residents.
Researchers successfully transplanted adult stem cells into mice, which then developed into various brain cell types, including nerve cells and glial cells. This breakthrough study suggests that these cells can potentially be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
A University of Minnesota study has found that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) significantly reduces injury associated with hemorrhagic strokes in rats. The bile acid crosses the blood-brain barrier and induces survival pathways while inhibiting destructive ones, leading to a 50% decrease in lesion volume.
Researchers discovered that triclosan, a common anti-bacterial agent, converts to dioxin when exposed to sunlight in river water. The conversion occurs between one percent and 12 percent of the triclosan present, producing a form of dioxin at least 150,000 times less toxic than its most dangerous form.
The US government has struggled to allocate resources effectively, with basic science being funded without practical ends. New criteria aim to prioritize fields based on their contributions to related areas, with peer review and economic evaluations playing a crucial role in the process.
Researchers are conducting a nationwide study to develop more personalized care for older adults with epilepsy. The study will consider factors like age, gender, and biological makeup to optimize treatment outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota developed a reliable diagnostic test for myotonic muscular dystrophy type 2 (DM2), revealing it occurs in many families of Northern European ancestry. The new test uses DNA amplification and verification to detect the disease, addressing difficulties in correct diagnosis.
The symposium highlights the application of advanced mathematical concepts in various industries, including product development and decision-making. Key speakers from IBM, Boeing, and a consultant will discuss trends and opportunities for using mathematics in manufacturing and services, as well as research challenges.
U of MN researchers identified proteins FRGY2a and FRGY2b that disassemble nucleoli without other protein help. This discovery may lead to understanding normal cell development and human diseases.
Researchers are exploring the potential for plant-based therapeutics and edible vaccines in medicine. The symposium aims to understand how individual variations affect reactions to food and drugs.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota are examining the effects of institutional care on brain-behavior relations. The study found that institutionalized children lagged behind those living with their families in cognitive, language abilities, behavioral adjustment, and neurophysiological indicators.
Researchers found that children living in orphanages for over eight months had elevated cortisol levels, while those adopted early did not. However, internationally adopted children from poor care showed no significant differences in cortisol levels.
Researchers have developed DNA scaffolding for arrays of nanoparticles, enabling the processing of large amounts of information. The technology could lead to real-time image processing and improved noise filtering, potentially even rivaling human eye speed.
The study aims to identify disease-fighting fungi and understand their role in nutrient cycling. By analyzing multiple genes and structural characteristics, researchers will create a database to distinguish between beneficial and harmful fungal species.