Articles tagged with Artificial Intelligence
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study published in JAMIA found that large language models (LLMs) respond variably to users' motivations, with better results for committed individuals. LLMs struggle to provide relevant information and support for those hesitant to change behavior, highlighting a major gap in their capabilities.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers developed an AI system capable of deciphering genomic language and understanding its functional and regulatory grammar. The Genomic Language Model (gLM) learns from highly diverse metagenomic data, providing insights into gene functions, regulation, and evolutionary relationships.
The digital twin of a railway wireless network uses scenario modeling, radio wave propagation characterization and integrated operation platforms to improve safety and efficiency. The study introduces key technologies such as ray tracing and AI-based super-resolution to achieve accurate deterministic modeling of wireless channels.
Researchers developed an AI model to detect viable tumor cells in osteosarcoma patients, improving prognosis predictions. The model showed comparable detection performance to pathologists and reduced inter-assessor variability, enabling timely assessment.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard can generate incorrect or incomplete medical advice, highlighting the importance of consulting healthcare professionals for accurate information. The study assessed 56 questions posed to LLMs and found that ...
A new study found that AI systems produce much less CO2e per page of text generated compared to human writers and illustrators. DALL-E2 emits approximately 2,500 times less CO2e than a human artist for illustration tasks. The authors suggest collaboration between AI and human efforts for the most beneficial outcome.
Recent advancements in AI and IoT have improved earthquake prediction by identifying patterns in historical seismic data. However, limitations such as computational complexity, data quality, and interpretability remain, requiring a comprehensive approach to integrate diverse datasets.
An international study led by the University of Granada used artificial intelligence to show that our personalities alter the expression of our genes. The findings suggest that certain outlooks on life are conducive to a healthy and long life, while others lead to stress and short life.
In a study published in JAMA Internal Medicine, a chatbot (GPT-4) performed better than internal medicine residents and attending physicians in processing medical data and demonstrating clinical reasoning. However, the bot's accuracy was lower, while it made more incorrect diagnoses.
Researchers have developed a new open-source algorithm called Conditional Variational Diffusion Model (CVDM) that improves the quality of images by reconstructing them from randomness. The CVDM is computationally less expensive than established diffusion models and can be easily adapted for various applications.
A survey of 204 oncologists found that while patients should understand AI models, most agreed that patients should consent to their use. The study highlights the need for rigorous assessments of AI's impact on care decisions and patient autonomy.
Researchers from the University of Washington created an AI algorithm to analyze infant poses using limited training data. By leveraging generative AI, they were able to produce high-quality results, enabling parents to monitor their babies' daily activities and detect potential health issues early.
Researchers developed Umwelt software that allows blind and low-vision users to build customized data representations without an initial visual chart. The system incorporates three modalities: visualization, textual description, and sonification.
Researchers used Google Street View to analyze built environment factors and found they can predict 63% of coronary heart disease variation between neighborhoods. Features like green spaces and walkable roads are associated with lower risk, while poorly paved roads with higher risk.
Researchers found that neural networks use a similar path to chart their way from ignorance to truth when presented with images, despite varying network designs and training recipes. This commonality holds the potential for developing more efficient image classification algorithms, reducing the computational power required by AI systems.
A new study suggests that artificial intelligence can accurately locate lesions in the brain after a stroke, identifying which side of the brain is affected and specific brain regions. The AI model achieved high sensitivity and specificity rates, but its accuracy depends on the quality of available health history information.
A team of Columbia engineers created Emo, a robotic face that makes eye contact and uses AI to anticipate and replicate human smiles. The robot can predict facial expressions and execute them simultaneously with humans, reducing disingenuous interactions.
Researchers have identified two plant compounds with potential as GLP-1 agonist weight loss pills, derived from common plants and potentially offering fewer side effects than current medications. The discovery was made using high-performance artificial intelligence techniques to analyze over 10,000 compounds.
A new MIT-derived algorithm corrects coarse climate model predictions by 'nudging' them toward more realistic patterns, leading to more accurate forecasts of extreme weather events. The approach uses machine learning and dynamical systems theory to improve the resolution of large-scale climate models.
Researchers at University of Missouri are developing software that allows drones to fly independently, perceiving and interacting with their environment while achieving specific goals. This technology has the potential to assist in mapping and monitoring applications, such as 3D or 4D advanced imagery for disaster response.
A study using AI models to analyze Facebook posts found that words associated with depression were more predictive of severity in white participants than in Black participants. Researchers highlight the importance of including diverse pools of data to ensure accuracy and tailor effective healthcare interventions.
Researchers at Uppsala University found that ChatGPT-4 can produce administrative medical notes comparable in quality to those written by doctors, but at a speed of ten times faster. This could have major implications for the healthcare industry.
Researchers developed Smart-CKD, a computer-aided diagnostic tool integrating ultrasound data and selected clinical variables to assess renal fibrosis progression in CKD patients. The tool has excellent predictive accuracy and high clinical application value, providing a cost-effective solution for guiding patient management.
Researchers found that AI models using language patterns from past studies are less predictive for depression among Black people on Facebook. The study suggests that considering intersection of race and social media can improve depression detection, and calls for more data to learn depression patterns in Black individuals. Better under...
Researchers developed a real-time temperature reconstruction technique for HIFU treatment, enabling accurate monitoring and planning. This approach uses deep learning to transform ultrasonic images into temperature images in just a few milliseconds.
Researchers have developed an AI model called SyntheMol that can design new antibiotics against deadly bacteria like Acinetobacter baumannii. The model identified six potent antibacterial compounds with non-toxic properties, offering a potential solution to the global crisis of antibiotic resistance.
The concept of AI art emerges as a fusion of human senses, offering rich audio-visual experiences. AI technology enhances creative abilities, enabling anyone to become an artist, while also improving production efficiency in industries like movies and games.
Researchers at WVU are developing an AI tool to reduce medication errors that lead to hospital readmissions, aiming to improve patient safety and reduce healthcare costs. The tool will analyze patient records and identify high-risk patients, alerting pharmacists to potential issues.
Researchers at Klick Labs developed an algorithm to detect deepfakes with 80% accuracy by analyzing speech pause patterns, offering a solution to the growing problem of AI-generated content. The study's findings suggest that vocal biomarkers can distinguish between real and fake voices, providing a novel approach to flagging deepfakes.
Researchers explore ophthalmic image-based AI for diagnosing systemic diseases, leveraging the eye's unique characteristics to assess overall health. The article discusses two primary modes of ocular image analysis and highlights the potential of emerging AI technologies like blockchain and large language models.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a universal approach to controlling robotic exoskeletons that requires no training, calibration, or adjustments. The system uses deep learning to autonomously adjust assistance levels for walking, standing, and climbing stairs, reducing user effort and metabolic expenditure.
Artificial intelligence has been developed to spot COVID-19 features in lung ultrasound images, combining computer-generated images with real scans to identify signs of disease. The tool holds potential for developing wearables that track illnesses like congestive heart failure and monitor fluid buildup in patients' lungs.
Researchers used ChatGPT to design a university field course, finding it an effective tool for planning educational trips. The AI model was also adaptable for other industries, such as environmental impact studies and business trips.
Oxford researchers call for a more considered approach to AI development for children, highlighting four main challenges in applying existing ethical principles. The study recommends ensuring fair digital access, transparency, and safety, while involving children in system development.
A mobile app using AI analyzes images of suspected skin lesions and provides guidance on whether they are melanoma or not. The app was tested in primary care and showed promising results, accurately diagnosing melanoma in all cases and determining harmless lesions with a high probability.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs by harnessing AI in metamaterials research, leading to faster device development and more precise data analysis. This convergence of AI and metaphotonics has the potential to transform various domains, including diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and security.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham have developed two AI foundation models, UNI and CONCH, to advance computational pathology. These models excel in diagnostic accuracy, prognostic insights, and predicting therapeutic responses, with universal applications in anatomic pathology.
A new pilot study explores the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-supplemented Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Perfectionism (CBT-P) intervention for young people with anxiety and depression. The research suggests that AI tools could provide strong guidance through a therapy program, while parent support is also crucial in hel...
Researchers developed a new training tool to help AI programs account for human dishonesty, especially in mortgage and insurance applications. The modified AI was better able to detect inaccurate information from users.
Researchers at UT Austin develop tools using AI and biosensors to harness microbes for faster drug production, potentially creating a reliable supply of galantamine. The innovative approach uses genetically modified bacteria to produce a chemical precursor of the medication.
Researchers developed two AI-powered tools to identify healthcare-associated infections and found they accurately identified cases even in complex scenarios. However, the tools struggled with missing or ambiguous information, highlighting the need for human oversight.
A review published in Intelligent Computing outlines the strengths of automatic approaches to designing metaheuristics, which can lead to more successful outcomes and reduce redundant, metaphor-based algorithms. The authors encourage research that relies on automatic design, utilizing modular software frameworks and configuration tools.
Researchers develop new assessment method to evaluate post-editing effort of machine translations, highlighting the importance of human translators in the process. The study suggests complementing automated systems with a new program to choose tools that increase translation efficiency.
A new AI-powered tool developed by the University of Copenhagen and 3Shape predicts how teeth will move, allowing orthodontists to ensure braces are neither too loose nor too tight. The tool uses scanned imagery of teeth and bone structures to simulate how braces should fit, reducing trial and error.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a flexible paper-based sensor that operates like the human brain, enabling low-power and efficient health monitoring. The device can distinguish 4-bit input optical pulses and generate currents in response to time-series optical input, with rapid response times.
TaskMatrix.AI uses APIs to connect general-purpose foundation models with specialized models for specific tasks. The tool can perform digital and physical tasks, provide interpretable responses, and learn continuously.
Researchers from the University of Waterloo used AI to analyze video footage from professional hockey games, improving player tracking accuracy to 94.5%. The system can generate data for multiple purposes, transforming the business of sports.
Researchers used generative AI to design a lead molecule for treating fibrosis, a biological process associated with aging. The compound, INS018_055, demonstrated significant efficacy in preclinical studies and showed promising results in clinical trials, accelerating drug discovery and providing new therapeutic options.
Researchers at the University of California - San Diego developed a mathematical formula that reveals how neural networks learn to detect relevant patterns in data. The Average Gradient Outer Product (AGOP) formula helps interpret which features the network is using to make predictions, improving the accuracy and reliability of AI syst...
Researchers developed an AI framework that combines dimension reduction techniques with a new clustering algorithm to quickly identify groups of viral genomes at risk. This enables proactive response measures like tailored vaccine development, potentially eliminating emerging variants before they spread.
A recent study found that large language models can accurately translate discharge summaries into more readable formats, improving patient understanding. However, initial implementation will require physician review due to safety concerns.
Researchers found that AI-generated food visuals excel at enhancing the appeal of depicted foods by leveraging symmetry, shape, and lighting. However, this may lead to 'visual hunger' and influence unhealthy eating behaviors among consumers.
A study using AI to analyze almost 180,000 food outlets found that restaurants tend to have the healthiest menus, followed by cafes and snack bars. The research reveals a 'double burden' on people living in deprived areas due to high concentrations of unhealthy fast-food outlets.
Current AI dermatology mobile apps can improve access to care, but their efficacy, safety, and transparency are concerns. Regulating these apps is essential to minimize risks and maximize benefits.
A new AI technology has been developed to detect severe cases of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with 100% accuracy. The system analyzes retinal images and can identify blood vessel anomalies, enabling early treatment and potentially saving sight for thousands of premature infants globally.
A novel AI-based noise suppression system has been developed to improve the effectiveness of search and rescue drones during natural disasters. The system uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to accurately learn UAV propeller sound data and eliminate noise, allowing operators to clearly hear and recognize human sounds.
Researchers analyzed published studies on AI in dermatology, finding significant shortcomings when applied to skin of color. Only 30% of AI programs had data specifically for skin of color, and current programs do worse at identifying skin lesions.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new AI chip that can run powerful AI systems using significantly less energy than existing semiconductors. The chip is designed to be compact and efficient, enabling its deployment in dynamic environments such as laptops, phones, and data centers.
A new study finds that generative AI can accelerate the design of healthcare software, particularly for complex medical problems like diabetes prevention. Researchers at NYU Langone Health used ChatGPT to develop a personalized automatic messaging system in over 40 hours, compared to 200 programmer hours with non-AI enabled efforts.
Researchers develop AI-based system to track small metallic objects in Low Earth Orbit, outperforming classical detection methods. The system's high detection rate and low false alarm rates make it suitable for proactive decision-making and intervention strategies.