Researchers developed an advanced single-cell sorting platform that dramatically shortens the screening process for identifying high-value microbial strains. The technology enabled the isolation of a mutant strain producing 58% more DHA than the wild type in just two days.
The University of Exeter has unveiled a new Handbook providing practical guidance for states to develop or review their national positions on international law and cyber activities. The 176-page guide offers concrete and accessible steps for government lawyers, policy officials, academics, and experts in this rapidly evolving field.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel strategy to modulate spin states of single-atom catalysts using external magnetic fields. This approach improves electrocatalytic performance by reducing activation energy and increasing reaction rates.
New University of Michigan studies find that women primary care physicians are more likely to experience burnout from patient portal messages, but also spend more time managing these messages. Innovative solutions like Patient Asynchronous Care Effort (PACE) slots can help reduce workload and improve physician experiences.
Researchers used anonymized GPS data from smartphones to monitor how wildlife reacts to people, highlighting the potential of human mobility data in tracking human-wildlife conflicts. The study's findings can inform conservation planning, help protect animals and wild spaces, and ensure that recreational activities are done responsibly.
A historical overview of Singapore's edible gardens sheds light on the British colonial government's Garden City Movement and its impact on urban wellbeing. The research also explores the role of vernacular gardening in Singapore, particularly during the Japanese Occupation, where food shortages led to mandatory tapioca-planting.
Researchers found cardiac deaths exceeded expected levels between 2020 and 2023, with a significant increase in 2020 and 2021. The study suggests potential shortcomings in cardiac care during and after the pandemic.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University have discovered a potentially safer treatment for multiple disorders linked to altered dopamine signaling by blocking the kappa opioid receptor. The study found that this approach can correct behavioral deficits and normalize dopamine availability.
A cohort study of 4 countries found that both maternal and paternal higher education levels were linked to reduced cognitive decline, with own education mediating these associations. The study highlights the long-term impact of parental education on offspring cognitive health across diverse cultural contexts.
The Routledge Handbook of Men's Victimization in Intimate Relationships offers a comprehensive international synthesis of this topic. The book highlights where current systems fall short and prescribes changes needed for male IPV victims, drawing on research from 31 contributors across five continents.
A new NYU study suggests that experiences with discrimination, racial inequality, and police violence may contribute to the development of psychosis in low-income young adults of color. The research found a higher incidence of psychotic episodes among Blacks, Latinos, and Indigenous respondents compared to white respondents.
Chinese researchers developed a groundbreaking 3D genome mapping technology that reveals how the 3D organization of plant genomes influences gene expression, especially in photosynthesis. The innovation provides a precise tool for understanding long-range chromatin interactions and their role in regulating biological processes.
A research team at DGIST developed an algorithm that allows inexpensive sensors to detect transparent obstacles like glass walls. The probabilistic incremental navigation-based mapping (PINMAP) algorithm accumulates rare point data and calculates the likelihood of glass wall presence, achieving detection performance comparable to expen...
A CU Anschutz study identifies a genetic variation in the GLP-1R gene that may explain why some children exposed to gestational diabetes become obese, while others don't. The study found that children with this variation gained weight faster and had higher BMI compared to those without.
Researchers from Japan conducted a cross-cultural analysis to compare mentalizing difficulties in British and Japanese autistic and non-autistic adults. They found that Japanese autistic participants outperformed both groups of British participants, suggesting cultural differences in interpreting social cues.
Researchers discovered a specialized histone arrangement, called the CENP-A–H4 octasome, in centromeric regions. This unique structure likely contributes to proper kinetochore formation and mitosis.
A common genetic variant has been found to double the risk of dementia in men, but not women, according to new research. The study, published in Neurology, used data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial to investigate the link between the HFE gene variant and dementia risk.
In an international clinical trial, a new CAR-T cell immunotherapy demonstrated promising results against aggressive blood cancers, including T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Most patients who received the full dose of cells achieved full remission, with response rates ranging from 70-90%.
A team of researchers analyzed a photosynthetic complex found in a marine alga and discovered a unique arrangement of antenna proteins around the photosystem core. This structure indicates an adaptation to its living environment and provides insights into the efficiency of light-harvesting under certain conditions.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed blood tests to diagnose pancreatic cancer and predict treatment outcomes. Genetic information can also help predict breast cancer survival rates, while a new blood test may improve treatment response for patients with advanced sarcoma. These findings offer promising tools for early de...
A new study finds that bats are a reservoir for morbilliviruses, including the human measles virus, and can transmit them to other mammalian species, such as monkeys. The research suggests that these viruses have crossed species boundaries multiple times, posing a significant threat to human health and livestock.
Research reveals Akkermansia muciniphila consists of four distinct subtypes competing for colonization. A specific subtype secures its position by selectively eliminating competitor cells through extracellular vesicles.
A 48-month study found that intensive blood pressure reduction lowered the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment by 15% and 16%, respectively. This suggests that reducing high blood pressure may be a key strategy for preventing dementia in patients with hypertension.
A Phase III trial led by MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrates a triplet combination of encorafenib, cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 significantly improves progression-free survival and overall survival in BRAF V600E-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. The regimen offers a clear survival advantage over standard chemotherapy alone.
The AADOCR SCADA/Dentsply Sirona Research Award aims to support early-stage dentist-scientists by providing up to $10,000 for research projects and infrastructure establishment. The award's recipients must submit a report within 12 months of receiving the funding.
A recent study found that eliminating fluoride from public water systems would substantially increase dental decay and related costs, particularly for publicly insured and uninsured children. The researchers estimated a 7.5 percentage point increase in tooth decay and $9.8 billion in additional dental care costs over five years.
A pilot study found that the Mediterranean diet provided symptom relief for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with 73% of participants experiencing improvement. The low FODMAP diet was also effective but led to greater improvements in abdominal pain intensity and IBS severity score.
Four new studies provide conclusive evidence for the existence of intermediate-mass black holes, offering a window into the universe's first stars. The researchers used data from LIGO detectors to identify these heavy gravitational-wave events, paving the way for future observations using space-based missions like LISA.
Researchers at National University of Singapore develop a new method to analyze large-scale metabolomic data, revealing meaningful patterns associated with metabolic change. The framework enables stratification of individuals based on their metabolic profiles and associated disease risks.
Global soil nitrous acid emissions have increased from 1980 to 2016, contributing to a 2.5% annual rise in the global surface ozone mixing ratio. This can lead to overexposure of vegetation to ozone, affecting ecosystem balance and food crop production.
A new study by Yale University scientists suggests that mangroves are more resilient than expected to intense and frequent storms due to climate change. The 'recovery debt' measure indicates that mangroves can recover from the loss of carbon during storms within four years, providing a valuable sink for carbon.
Researchers identified specific antibody features that limit Mtb growth, revealing critical insights into antibody-immune cell interactions. The study lays groundwork for potential antibody-based therapies or vaccines against tuberculosis, an urgently needed treatment for the deadly infectious disease.
A new Phase 2 clinical trial at UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center unveiled clues as to why patients with aggressive prostate cancer are doing poorly and may offer hope in the form of targeted therapy. The study showed the potential of using genetic testing and blood-based monitoring to better understand and track prostate cancer.
A NIH-funded study has identified trans-epidermal water loss as a reliable predictor of diabetic foot ulcer recurrence. Participants with high TEWL were 2.7 times more likely to experience wound recurrence, highlighting the importance of skin barrier function in wound healing.
A study reveals PD-1 is a deeply conserved feature across jawed vertebrates, with its discovery in sharks and bony fishes indicating immune restraint via PD-1. Key findings include well-conserved hydrogen bonds between PD-1 and PD-L1, and a conserved role for PD-1 as an immune checkpoint.
The study identifies hierarchical structures and complex interlayer interactions in trilayer graphene systems, offering a promising new solid-state platform for programmable quantum devices. Researchers develop a 'structural phase diagram' to guide future design of quantum materials using multi-moiré lattices.
The combination of dual-targeted therapies with encorafenib and cetuximab plus chemotherapy significantly improved outcomes in previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, doubling overall survival. Improved progression-free survival was also observed, reducing the risk by 47%.
A study combines DFT and machine learning to analyze a wide range of epoxides in CO₂ cycloaddition, identifying key molecular descriptors and predicting reactivity trends. The research aims to develop predictive catalyst and substrate design for optimized CO₂ fixation, contributing to greener chemical processes.
Researchers have developed a sustainable method for extracting sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds from corn stover using subcritical water. This process recovers high-value bioderivatives with yields up to six times higher than traditional methods, reducing energy costs and time.
The Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was caused by the rapid onset of global warming after the Hirnantian glaciation. The extinction lasted approximately 400 kyr with an average species extinction rate of 71.6% per 100 kyr during this period.
A study by Associate Professor Chang Pao-Li explores how trade shocks propagate through firm-to-firm linkages, affecting productivity, labor demand, and innovation. The research aims to quantify the positive effects of multinational enterprises on local economies, including increased labor demand and higher wages.
Researchers have discovered that blow flies can detect forces with high sensitivity, not only magnitude but also rate of change, which is crucial for balance and locomotion. The study's findings have promising implications for the design of next-generation walking robots.
A team of researchers at Texas A&M University has received a $1.6 million grant to develop a system for rapidly accelerating the certification process of 3D-printed critical components used in military applications.
A review examines the evidence and mechanisms behind GERD-associated eosinophilia and whether GERD alone can meet EoE-level eosinophilic thresholds. High-level esophageal eosinophilia is rare in GERD without concomitant eosinophilic esophagitis.
A research team at Rice University has developed a new material, known as a Kramers nodal line metal, with novel electronic properties that could enable more powerful and energy-efficient electronic devices. The material demonstrates superconducting properties and the ability to carry electricity without energy loss.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have mapped brain activity underlying emotional responses to mild unpleasant sensory experiences. Shared features between human and mouse brains may help understand driving forces behind neuropsychiatric disorders. The study's findings could unveil new insights into the mechanisms of emotional regulation.
A team of researchers from the University of Illinois Grainger College of Engineering has successfully applied metabolic labeling to platelets, enabling targeted drug delivery systems. The innovation uses chemical tags to track platelet activity, allowing for precise cargo loading and reduced long-term exposure.
Researchers developed a wireless forehead e-tattoo that decodes brainwaves to measure mental strain, providing an objective alternative to subjective surveys. The device can detect increased cognitive demand and predict mental fatigue, with potential applications in workplaces and homes.
A study explores the challenges faced by female, ethnically diverse preschool teachers in Hong Kong when adopting STEM teaching methods. The research found that cultural influences, lack of relevant resources, and high accountability pressures hinder effective STEM education.
A study published in Nucleic Acids Research uncovers the molecular mechanisms behind cohesin's formation of DNA loops and its interaction with transcription factors. This knowledge will aid in understanding rare diseases such as Cornelia de Lange syndrome, which affects gene expression and organ development.
A new handheld device called E-Tongue can analyze water samples and detect lead contamination, providing users with a color-coded reading and concentration value. The researchers tested the device through a citizen science project across four Massachusetts towns, finding it effective in detecting lead in drinking water.
A new study suggests that reforestation efforts can lower global average temperatures by 0.34 degrees Celsius, roughly one-quarter of the warming already experienced. This is due to the chemical interactions between trees and the atmosphere, which amplify their cooling effect.
A new study published in The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health suggests that parental intuition may outperform traditional early warning systems in identifying children at risk of deterioration. Caregiver concern for a worsening condition was strongly associated with critical illness, even after accounting for abnormal vital signs.
Diagnostics.AI has launched the industry's first fully-transparent machine learning platform for clinical real-time PCR diagnostics, delivering algorithmic transparency and per-test auditability. The platform is CE-IVDR certified and backed by over 15 years of experience and millions of successfully processed samples.
Researchers created a soft robotics technology that can identify damage, pinpoint its location, and autonomously initiate self-repair. The system uses a multi-layer architecture featuring liquid metal microdroplets, thermoplastic elastomer, and electromigration to melt and seal damaged areas, effectively self-healing the wound.
A refined artificial intelligence (AI) tool has shown promise for objective evaluation of patients with facial palsy. The 'fine-tuned' model demonstrated substantially lower error rates and improved keypoint detection in every area of the face, including areas of asymmetry.
Scientists discovered a genetic change in Yersinia pestis that may have prolonged the duration of two major pandemics. The mutation, which reduces virulence, enables the bacteria to infect individuals for longer periods, potentially spreading farther in less densely populated environments.
A study published in PLOS One reveals that cats' purring behavior is linked to genetic variation, specifically the short-type androgen receptor gene. Cats with this gene exhibit higher owner-assessed purring scores than those with the long-type gene.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh found that mindfulness training and non-invasive brain stimulation can significantly reduce bladder leaks and feelings of urgency evoked by specific environments or scenarios. The study, published in Continence, used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to activate the prefrontal co...
This study reveals TUG1's central role in CHS progression through its interaction with EZH2, influencing tumor growth, migration, and invasion. Exosomal TUG1 also enhances M2 macrophage polarization, promoting tumorigenesis.