Articles tagged with Artificial Intelligence
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study led by Cleveland Clinic researchers suggests that sildenafil may help protect brain cells from Alzheimer's disease. The study found that sildenafil can lower levels of neurotoxic tau proteins and improve brain function in patients with Alzheimer's.
Text-to-image AI tools enhance human artists' output, but may hinder novel visual styles. Artists who adopt AI show increased productivity and favorable feedback, while those relying solely on AI struggle with creative stagnation.
The new skin demonstrates excellent mechanical performance, self-adaptive camouflage capabilities, and long-term stability. It can quickly recognize and match the background by modulating optical signals in response to external stimuli.
A new cellphone app developed by physician-scientists uses artificial intelligence to accurately diagnose ear infections in young children, reducing unnecessary antibiotic use. The AI tool is more accurate than trained clinicians and offers a simple solution for healthcare providers.
A team of experts at PNNL developed a new tool that sorts and prioritizes cyber threats on the fly, giving grid operators a clear blueprint to identify and address the biggest threats first. The approach uses hybrid attack graphs and optimization to reduce the number of potential attacks from thousands to fewer than 100.
A recent study found that GPT-4 scored higher than human participants in three tests designed to measure divergent thinking, an indicator of creative potential. The AI demonstrated higher originality and elaboration in its responses, with improved fluency controlling for human performance.
Researchers developed an AI technique to expedite the identification of high-performance water electrolyzer electrode materials free of platinum-group elements. These materials can be synthesized using relatively cheap and abundant metallic elements, exhibiting superior electrochemical properties.
A Cancer Research UK-funded study uses AI to identify two distinct subtypes of prostate cancer, termed evotypes, which could lead to personalized treatments. The discovery has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes, saving thousands of lives in the future.
A KAIST team developed an insect-mimicking semiconductor that mimics the optic nerve of insects to detect motion. The device operates at high efficiency and ultra-high speeds, and has been applied to a neuromorphic computing system for predicting vehicle paths. It achieved 92.9% less energy consumption compared to existing technology.
A breakthrough metamaterial has been developed to enable real-time shape and property control, surpassing existing materials' limitations. The material's adaptable capabilities make it suitable for applications in robotics and other fields requiring flexibility.
Researchers developed a model to predict household energy costs with over 74% accuracy by analyzing passive design characteristics from Google Street View images. The model can help identify neighborhoods vulnerable to energy burden and pave the way for smart, sustainable cities.
A Tohoku University team studied deep learning models for diagnosing drowning and found discrepancies between model results and medical experts' observations. The study highlights the need for new training methods that align AI model internals with human expertise.
Research suggests AI can identify key risk factors for outbreaks, pinpointing specific
Scientists studied thousands of public photos to track humpback whale populations, finding they're responding to food availability changes affected by climate change. The population declined by 7,000 individuals from 2012 to 2021 due to a massive marine heatwave and reduced prey.
A new smartphone application using AI and facial-image processing software detects the onset of depression before symptoms appear. MoodCapture captures facial expressions and surroundings, then evaluates them for clinical cues associated with depression.
A recent UConn study assessed the accuracy of ChatGPT's exercise recommendations, revealing that the AI provided only 41% of the expected content in a gold-standard recommendation. The chatbot demonstrated high accuracy for general guidelines but failed to provide key elements such as frequency, intensity, and type of physical activity.
A new research review at ECCMID 2024 explores the use of AI in infection control, including ensuring correct mask wear and intelligent cleaning. The key to successful AI use is identifying problems and offloading repetitive tasks to AI systems.
Researchers developed an AI-driven lab called Fast-Cat that uses artificial intelligence to provide in-depth analyses of catalytic reactions. The tool conducts high-temperature gas-liquid reactions and analyzes results to determine how different variables affect the outcome of each experiment.
Researchers warn that AI tools used in radiology contribute to greenhouse gas emissions through energy consumption and data storage. To minimize these impacts, experts recommend sharing resources, selecting sustainable hardware, and using data compression techniques.
Explainable AI methods have been developed to make audio models more interpretable and transparent. Researchers categorize existing audio XAI methods into two groups: general methods and audio-specific methods, offering new possibilities for improving the trustworthiness of AI decision-making in audio tasks.
A new AI system is being developed to provide real-time feedback and instruction for surgical trainees, addressing the need for constant supervision in laparoscopic surgery. The system uses computer vision model to detect the student's actions and provides immediate assessment and training direction.
Researchers identify five grand challenges in biomedical engineering to address social needs, existing gaps, and technological limitations. The Convergence Revolution and Fourth Industrial Revolution are expected to shape the future of medicine, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaborations and next-generation training.
PandaOmics uses advanced AI algorithms to process vast quantities of diverse data, performing gene and pathway analysis and target predictions. The platform has been extensively validated in multiple therapeutic areas, including oncology, inflammation, and immunology.
A new process using artificial intelligence (AI) predicts carbon cycles in agroecosystems, surpassing traditional models in accuracy and speed. This breakthrough enables fair and accurate compensation for farmers, fostering trust in carbon markets and promoting sustainable practices.
A new AI-powered system has been shown to detect 40% more polyps during colonoscopies, a crucial step in preventing colorectal cancer. This breakthrough technology uses artificial intelligence to examine every pixel in the image and alert doctors to potential issues, allowing for more accurate diagnoses.
Researchers used AI tool AlphaFold to predict and model over 1,400 protein-protein interactions essential for bacterial survival. The study reveals previously unknown details and offers potential targets for developing new antibiotics.
A new study published in JAMA Ophthalmology suggests that artificial intelligence can match or exceed the expertise of seasoned ophthalmic specialists in diagnosing and treating patients with glaucoma and retina disorders. The AI system, GPT-4, demonstrated superior performance in response to glaucoma questions and case-management advice.
The USC team created a low-cost, customizable learning kit for students to build their own 'robot friend' using the Blossom robot. The three-part module provides hands-on experience and instruction on various AI aspects, including robotics, machine learning, and software engineering.
Researchers have developed an AI-driven method to detect possible anomalies beneath the surface of wind turbine blades using patented radar technology. The non-destructive approach supports agile data acquisition and analysis, enabling faster detection of manufacturing defects and improved overall quality assurance.
A team of pediatric clinicians developed 45 multilingual videos to educate providers on pediatric care topics, using generative AI and synthetic voice avatars. The videos were recorded in English and translated into Spanish, emphasizing Latin American variations.
A Princeton University team developed an AI model that can forecast potential plasma instabilities up to 300 milliseconds in advance, allowing for real-time adjustments to avoid reaction-ending escapes. The model uses past experimental data and demonstrates a promising approach to solving a broad range of plasma instabilities.
A new study by EPFL researchers Antonia Sclocchi and Matthieu Wyart examines the impact of changing batch size and learning rate on stochastic gradient descent. They identify three regimes that affect AI learning differently, from exploratory to efficient approaches.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University have developed an AI approach to intrinsic decomposition, separating images into lighting effects and true colours of objects. This innovation enables a range of applications, including image compositing and augmented reality, making it accessible to content creators and post-production artists.
The NSF director highlights the benefits of AI in scientific research, from accelerating discovery to automating routine tasks. He emphasizes the need for safe and accessible AI, calling for a diverse AI ecosystem that incorporates broad perspectives and problem-solving approaches.
A study published in PNAS Nexus found that AI-generated propaganda was almost as effective as real propaganda in persuading US adults. The research used a large language model to generate new articles based on existing propaganda, with 43.5% of respondents agreeing with the claims after reading the AI-written articles.
A recent study found that parents and clinicians are in favor of a mobile app to help manage child cancer pain at home. The app aims to ease the burden on caregivers and provide personalized pain management support. Recommendations for the app include improved accessibility, language options, and gamification features to involve children.
The Heidelberg Laureate Forum Foundation offers limited international journalist travel grants to report on the event. Journalists can apply until April 28, 2024, and will cover travel and visa costs, as well as room and board during their stay in Heidelberg.
A KAUST research team has developed a machine-learning approach that balances privacy preservation and model performance using ensemble privacy-preserving algorithms. The approach, called PPML-Omics, achieves better model performance while keeping the same level of privacy protection compared to previous methods.
Researchers at North Carolina State University are developing a suite of performance metrics to standardize the evaluation of self-driving labs in chemistry and materials science. These metrics aim to compare different lab technologies and identify areas for improvement, ultimately advancing the field and accelerating discovery.
Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign used generative AI to quickly assemble over 120,000 new MOF candidates for carbon capture. The approach combines AI with high-throughput screening, molecular dynamics simulations and theory-based design to identify optimal materials.
A new AI tool, DeepGO-SE, successfully predicts the molecular functions of unknown proteins with high accuracy. This breakthrough enables researchers to analyze uncharacterized proteins, facilitating tasks such as drug discovery, metabolic pathway analysis, and disease associations.
Researchers used data from 9,300 miles of Greek roads to develop a machine-learning model predicting crash sites. The model identified key features such as abrupt speed limit changes and incomplete lane markings as predictors of crashes. The study's findings have implications for improving road safety globally.
Researchers analyzed over 1,000 studies to identify design principles for creating empathic conversational agents. The study reveals the importance of emotional intelligence and adaptive feedback in improving learning outcomes.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz find that popular link prediction metrics are flawed and do not accurately measure algorithm performance. They recommend using a new metric, VCMPR, to benchmark link prediction tasks and highlight the importance of accurate metrics in machine learning decision-making.
A study found that customers are more willing to provide written compliments and complaints using AI-powered tablets rather than leaving videos. The researchers suggest that methods requiring 'low self-disclosure' would work better for customer feedback.
A new tumor spatial mapping tool will help clinicians assess the aggressiveness of cancer and personalize treatment. The tool maps the functional state of oncoproteins onto tumour images, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and informed treatment decisions.
A new paper argues that LLMs can interpret and analyze neuroscientific data, unlocking new insights and potential treatments. Lead author Danilo Bzdok suggests that scientists may not always fully understand the mechanism behind biological processes discovered by LLMs.
Researchers developed sensors using aerogels to detect formaldehyde, a common indoor air pollutant, with real-time detection capabilities. The sensors require minimal power and can distinguish between different gases.
A new depth from focus/defocus approach, DDFS, combines model-based and learning-based strategies to achieve notable improvements in performance and applicability. The proposed method outperformed state-of-the-art methods in various metrics for several image datasets.
A clinical trial found that patients who received care recommendations from an AI-based system had fewer recurrent strokes, heart attacks, or vascular death within three months. The study suggests that this technology can improve patient outcomes and aid neurologists in making informed decisions.
Researchers developed an AI model to detect low blood sugar levels in diabetics while driving, improving safety and preventing accidents. The model uses driving behavior and head/gaze motion data, showing promise for future self-driving cars.
Researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich have programmed an AI that can recognize patterns in complex data sets and formulate them in a physical theory. The AI uses physics for machine learning to simplify complex interactions and build up a new theory.
Assistant Professor Santiago Segarra at Rice University has won the NSF CAREER Award to develop a new approach for AI-powered climate prediction by leveraging structural properties in real-world data. The research aims to create more effective learning algorithms for structured domains.
The JGU Center for Lifelong Learning is developing personalized AI-based learning experiences for adult learners, aiming to improve motivation and learning outcomes. The project will also discuss the challenges of AI technologies in teaching modern foreign languages.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to analyze brain scans and clinical data, predicting treatment response with 8-week accuracy.
A new study uses GPT-3 to simplify chemical analysis, achieving accuracy surpassing state-of-the-art models. The approach fine-tunes the language model with curated Q&As, enabling easy and fast discovery in low-data chemistry.
Researchers from Indiana University School of Medicine examined the use of ChatGPT in writing scientific review articles. They found that while AI-assisted approaches decreased writing time, they required more extensive fact-checking and produced incorrect references up to 70% of the time.
A new study from MIT researchers found that doctors are less accurate in diagnosing skin diseases based on images of patients with darker skin. The researchers also discovered that an artificial intelligence algorithm can assist doctors in improving their diagnosis, although the improvements were more pronounced for lighter skin tones.
Researchers at ISTA have discovered the composition of poxviral cores, a key factor in their infectivity. The study's findings could lead to the development of new therapeutics targeting the viral core.
The multidisciplinary team, led by Nihar Mahapatra, is developing sustainable and impactful accessible voice AI solutions for people who stutter. The goal is to provide high-impact deliverables that will be sustainable beyond their support.