Researchers have mapped global microplastic distribution patterns by size and polymer type, revealing that microplastics are deeply embedded in the ocean's structure. The study found that smaller microplastics spread more evenly and penetrate deeper, while larger ones concentrate near the surface, affecting key biogeochemical processes.
Researchers used living human brain tissue to study the toxic form of a protein linked to Alzheimer's disease. They found that even small changes in natural levels of amyloid beta were enough to disrupt brain cells, suggesting a 'sweet spot' for the protein is required for proper function.
Researchers found that a fertility rate of at least 2.7 children per woman is needed to reliably avoid eventual extinction in small populations. A female-biased birth ratio can reduce extinction risk, helping more lineages survive over time.
A new study found that about 5.4% of teens used nicotine pouches in 2024, up from 3.0% in 2023, and dual use with e-cigarettes increased. Researchers warn of potential health risks and call for tailored prevention strategies.
Research at the University of Bristol has linked mental health conditions like depression and schizophrenia to immune response, suggesting a fundamental change in understanding causal mechanisms. The study identified 29 potential biomarkers that could be used for novel therapeutics in mental health conditions.
A study of 73 countries found that national action plans have improved indicators of antibiotic resistance over time. Despite criticism, ambitious efforts by high and low-middle income countries are crucial to tackle antibiotic resistance.
A research team from the University of South China has developed a novel algorithm to optimize radiation-shielding design in nuclear reactors. The algorithm, based on a reference-point-selection strategy, efficiently solves many-objective optimization problems and provides optimized shielding solutions for new types of reactors.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a technique to deliver gene editors and protein therapeutics to cells using engineered extracellular vesicles. The method shows promising results in animal studies, highlighting the potential for treating genetic diseases and neurological disorders.
The FAU Center of Excellence will focus on developing advanced algorithms, secure hardware solutions, and workforce development to address the strategic gap in electromagnetic spectrum management. This initiative aims to produce innovative technologies to protect and control critical communication channels in contested environments.
A new study reveals the spatial organization and tumor microenvironment of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. The research identifies exhausted CD8+ T cells and B1 cells as playing a role in tumor progression, while E2F and CREB inhibition shows promise as novel therapeutic targets.
Researchers discovered that herpesvirus protein kinases mimic human cyclin-dependent kinases, regulating viral infection and latency. Phosphorylation of the viral enzyme contributes to its survival and persistence, while phosphorylation downregulates its activity, allowing for balance between host survival and viral persistence.
Researchers at A1 Collaboration successfully produced hydrogen-6 in an electron scattering experiment, challenging current understanding of multi-nucleon interactions. The measurement revealed a stronger interaction between neutrons within the nucleus than expected, indicating a lower ground-state energy for ⁶H.
A comprehensive study analyzes over 1,346 migratory movements of 805 individuals from 34 breeding colonies. The research reveals that the three shearwater species mostly preserve their migratory identity while showing gene flow between populations.
Researchers developed a data-driven AI framework that identifies potential solid-state electrolyte candidates and predicts their performance. The framework uses large language models, multiple linear regression, and genetic algorithm to optimize battery design.
Researchers at the University of Mississippi have developed a new technology that can detect heart attacks in real-time, using artificial intelligence and advanced mathematics. The resulting wearable device is lightweight and energy efficient, with an accuracy rate of 92.4%, outperforming current methods.
Despite female dominance in lower-level positions, women are scarce in leadership roles in ballet. The study reveals that a combination of factors contributes to this phenomenon, including the emphasis on youthfulness and perfectionism in the profession.
César A. Uribe, a Rice University professor, has received an NSF CAREER Award to develop mathematical tools for decentralized learning in AI and data science. His research aims to create more efficient networks of computers that can process massive amounts of data without relying on centralized coordination.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that telomere phages, previously thought to be a rarity, are highly prevalent in Klebsiella bacteria. The discovery improves understanding of viral mechanisms and has implications for bacterial management strategies.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed an artificial membrane channel that can selectively transport middle rare earth elements, such as europium and terbium, while excluding other ions. This breakthrough could increase domestic supply and decrease reliance on costly imports.
Amsterdam physicists found that asperities on two touching surfaces interact similarly to pedestrians at a crossing, leading to an increase in surface sliding and decrease in static friction. This phenomenon has applications in semiconductor manufacturing and earthquake prediction.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway that may lead to a treatment for high blood pressure and aortic aneurysms. By targeting the protein DUSP-3, the team was able to block the development of aortic aneurysms and reduce hypertension in mice.
A digital cognitive screening tool and flexible workflow helped seven primary care clinics integrate dementia screening, increasing screening rates to at least 20%. Clinics adapted the process to fit their settings while maintaining alignment with a shared core model.
A new AI technique has been developed to identify promising antiviral compounds against human enterovirus 71 using only a modest amount of experimental data. The method, which combines traditional laboratory methods with machine learning algorithms, was able to predict reliable antiviral activity in five out of eight tested compounds.
A new study reveals that protein sources in an animal's diet significantly alter the gut microbiome, with some having extreme effects. The researchers found that diets high in brown rice, yeast, or egg whites led to changes in amino acid metabolism and complex sugar degradation.
A recent study developed a VR game that combines olfactory stimulation with immersive gameplay to improve cognitive function in older adults. After just 20 minutes of play, participants showed significant improvements in visuospatial rotation and memory tasks.
International experts urge cities to embed nature in infrastructure for better health, climate resilience, and equity. Urban greening benefits include cooler streets, cleaner air, improved mental health, and greater biodiversity.
Researchers at UC San Diego create a simple approach to rapidly check on human gene changes by turning everyday bacteria into living test tubes. This technique, called LEICA, uses E. coli as the host bacterium and relies on its growth rate to reflect human enzyme performance.
Researchers identified CLU protein as a potential strategy to protect against Alzheimer's disease by increasing clusterin protein. Increased CLU protects the brain from amyloid plaques and loss of synapses, while identifying individuals most likely to respond based on their genetics.
Researchers developed a novel cell sorting strategy to isolate high-quality seed cells for cultured meat production, improving stem cell purity and myogenic potential. The method achieved over 90% PAX7-positive MuSCs, enhanced differentiation potential, and maintained higher PAX7 expression across multiple passages.
A new study found that many home washing machines are insufficient for decontaminating healthcare worker uniforms, allowing antibiotic-resistant bacteria to survive. The researchers propose revising laundering guidelines or using on-site industrial machines to improve patient safety.
The American College of Chest Physicians has released a new clinical guideline on the transfusion of fresh frozen plasma and platelets in critically ill adults. The guideline contains seven evidence-based recommendations to reduce unnecessary transfusions, which are rarely needed prior to bedside procedures.
A digital cognitive assessment was implemented in primary care to detect early dementia and guide next steps. The study found that 10.8% of eligible patients underwent the test, with 44.3% categorized as unimpaired and 13.7% as impaired.
Researchers identified how the brain assigns positivity or negativity to social experiences through a complex neural circuitry involving the hippocampus. They discovered that serotonin and neurotensin release opposing signals in the ventral CA1 region, which can be leveraged for future therapies.
Scientists identified specific immunogenetic characteristics in post-treatment controllers who maintain undetectable viral loads after stopping treatment. These genetic markers are associated with the existence of specific NK cell populations that better control infection, supporting their role in long-term HIV remission.
A 20-year modeling study found that increasing urban vegetation by 30% could save up to 1.16 million lives globally from 2000 to 2019, with the greatest reduction in heat-related deaths in Southern Asia, Eastern Europe, and Eastern Asia.
A new study from Case Western Reserve University finds that a global shortage of essential nutrient omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is linked to rising overall health risks. The researchers suggest increasing production and reducing intake of harmful omega-6 fatty acids to lower disease risk.
Dr. Lei Wang joins Baycrest to champion scientific excellence in dementia research and promote healthy aging. With expertise in neuroimaging and data-driven approaches, he will drive BARE's strategic research plan.
Geologists have connected a 120-million-year-old 'super-eruption' to its source, revealing insights into Earth's complex geological history. The discovery provides a more complete history of the Pacific Ocean basin and sheds light on volcanic activity in the region.
Research revealed functional connection between early visual areas and frontal brain regions, suggesting consciousness linked to sensory processing and perception. The findings may shed light on disorders of consciousness and identify
Flinders University researchers found that most people, regardless of age, want more frequent bowel cancer surveillance. A faecal test may provide reassurance for those at risk, particularly younger adults with a higher fear of bowel cancer.
A study by UC San Francisco found that children with ALL living in mixed middle- and low-income neighborhoods have a 30-40% higher risk of death. In contrast, AML hospital treatments are shorter, and outpatient visits fewer, reducing challenges for underserved patients.
A new study published in Environmental Pollution found that plastic ingested by northern fulmars can leak chemicals that interfere with the birds' hormone systems. The chemicals, such as BPA and phthalates, can impair fertility, development, and behavior, posing a significant threat to species survival.
New technology can enhance screenings when it is tailored to individual patient needs, improving early detection and management of disease. Digital tools work best in conjunction with clinicians, addressing barriers like care coordination to ensure better outcomes.
The book argues that domestication began as a natural process, with humans unintentionally influencing the evolution of plants and animals through habitat creation. This perspective has significant implications for conservation initiatives today.
A new study conducted by Medical University of South Carolina shows that long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy for persons living with HIV can be administered safely and effectively at home. Patient satisfaction scores were high for both groups, and no serious safety issues were observed.
A novel gene variant in Finns significantly increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease, affecting microglia function and leading to an earlier onset of the disease. The study provides valuable information for developing treatments and highlights the importance of translational research.
Recent advancements in metabolomics and microbiomics shed light on esophageal cancer's intricate pathophysiology, including metabolic dysregulation and microbiome alterations. Distinct metabolite profiles and microbial signatures hold promise for early detection and prognostic stratification.
A cross-sectional study finds a doubling in nicotine pouch past-30-day use and an increase in pouch plus e-cigarette dual use, leading to decreased exclusive e-cigarette use among US 10th and 12th graders. Prioritizing surveillance, regulation, and prevention strategies is crucial for addressing pediatric nicotine pouch use.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine found novel biomarkers for tinnitus that correlate with nervous system's 'fight, flight, or freeze' response. Facial movements and pupil dilation measured while listening to unpleasant sounds can predict tinnitus severity.
A pioneering study combines magnetic guidance with localized ultrasound stimulation to enhance stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. The technique successfully navigates magnetically loaded stem cells to specific brain regions, promoting differentiation into neurons and boosting neurite outgrowth.
Researchers developed a novel rat model that closely replicates human COPD-associated cor pulmonale, exhibiting chronic lung inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy. The model provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of disease progression and potential therapeutic targets.
A recent study has found that increasing physical activity between the ages of 45 and 65 can help reduce the accumulation of beta-amyloid, a protein linked to Alzheimer's disease. The research, led by ISGlobal, suggests that even minimal amounts of exercise have health benefits for brain health.
A new study finds that AI tools can significantly improve the readability of online patient education materials, making them more accessible for patients. The researchers used three large language models to optimize the readability of materials without compromising accuracy, resulting in improved scores and reduced word counts.
Scientists at Institute of Science Tokyo develop first-ever wurtzite-structured MgSiN2 thin films, exhibiting piezoelectric properties. The material's unique electronic and bandgap properties make it a promising candidate for next-generation electronics and potential applications in ultrasonic transducers and energy harvesters.
Researchers addressed a cognitive bias that leads people to overlook negative consequences when making plans. By prompting individuals to consider these consequences explicitly, the authors show that this bias can be mitigated.
Researchers have created a novel approach for stabilizing and analyzing highly reactive organozinc compounds using custom-designed crystalline sponges. This innovative strategy allows for safe observation of molecular structures and selective separation of similar compounds.
A study by Japanese researchers found that individuals with autism have impaired macrophage function, which may contribute to synaptic pruning deficits. The impaired function is associated with lower expression of the CD209 gene, suggesting a molecular mediator for this process.
Eurocrypt 2025 will bring together leading cryptographic researchers and experts for a four-day conference in Madrid, featuring pre-conference workshops and over 650 participants. IMDEA Software Institute is the main organizer of this event, alongside other top-tier institutions.
Researchers created a miniaturized, portable bio-battery using living hydrogels that can be 3-D printed. The bio-battery generates electricity from bacterial metabolism, enabling self-charging and precise control over bioelectrical stimulation.
A study published in PLOS One found that conservatives tend to rate their mental health higher than liberals, likely due to stigma surrounding the term. However, when respondents were asked to rate their overall mood instead, the gap disappeared, revealing a more nuanced picture of mental well-being.