A study has identified an early blood marker for hereditary Alzheimer's disease, beta-synuclein, which can detect neurodegeneration up to 11 years before dementia symptoms. This biomarker could help with early diagnosis and treatment, improving the potential of new medicines for Alzheimer's.
A specialized manufacturing process was used to produce a large-scale production of purple dye in ancient Israel's Tel Shiqmona. The discovery sheds new light on the Iron Age production of this valuable resource.
Climate change is affecting aircraft performance, making it harder for planes to generate lift and increasing the risk of accidents. By the 2060s, some airports with shorter runways may need to reduce their maximum take-off weight by approximately 10 passengers per flight during summer months.
The study evaluates Hengshui City's 'zero-waste city' initiative, which integrates biogas production, electricity generation, heat recovery, and organic fertilizer manufacturing. The project achieves significant emission reductions, with a 64% decrease in CO2 equivalent emissions per year.
Researchers developed fluorescent polyionic nanoclays that can be customized for medical imaging, sensor technology, and environmental protection. These tiny clay-based materials exhibit high brightness and versatility, enabling precise tuning of optical properties.
A study published in The BMJ found that the start of US deer hunting season is associated with a 12% relative increase in firearm incidents, including non-hunting related incidents such as suicide and violent crime. Efforts to promote firearm safety during this time may help curb both hunting and non-hunting related firearm incidents.
A UC Riverside-led study found that adult stem cells rely on histone chaperones to maintain their regenerative capacity. The researchers discovered that disrupting these proteins can lead to specific changes in stem cell identity, potentially guiding them into desired cell types.
A research team led by NYU Tandon School of Engineering has discovered unprecedented genetic adaptations in Gowanus Canal organisms, which could lead to cheaper and more sustainable methods for cleaning contaminated waterways. The study found that these microbes can break down pollutants and heavy metals using 64 different biochemical ...
Researchers uncover glycolysis' instructive potential in early embryonic development, controlling cell fate decisions and end-state appearance of stem cell-based embryo models. By manipulating glucose concentration, they demonstrate glycolysis' role as an upstream regulator of signalling pathways.
A new machine learning algorithm, ShotgunCSP, has been developed to predict crystal structures from material compositions with high accuracy and efficiency. This breakthrough eliminates the need for iterative first-principles calculations, making it possible to predict stable structures even for large and complex systems.
Researchers analyzing data from NASA's Perseverance rover uncover mineral-forming events beneath the Martian surface, bringing scientists closer to answering if life existed on Mars. Two separate generations of calcium-sulphate minerals are found in different regions, hinting at multiple potential windows for life to have existed.
MIT researchers have developed a new data-driven method that eliminates redundant computations in complex logistical problems. The approach uses machine learning to predict which operations should be recomputed and reduces the solve time for problems like scheduling trains, hospital staff, and factory tasks.
A new study suggests a changing climate threatens the continuous availability of safe blood across the world. Researchers warn that warmer temperatures, natural disasters, and infectious diseases will impact the ability of people to donate and trigger a rise in blood demand.
Researchers identified a drug called LGK974 that effectively reduces bone mass and prevents skeletal overgrowth in mice with sclerosteosis. The treatment targets the Wnt signaling pathway by inhibiting the enzyme Porcupine.
A new study by the University of Texas at Austin suggests that sales quota periods should be tailored to individual preferences. Low performers are more motivated by constant motivation, while high performers respond better to longer quota cycles. This implies that one-size-fits-all approach to sales compensation may not be effective.
Researchers developed physisorption-assistant optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on Ta2NiSe5/SnS2 heterojunction, demonstrating tunable synaptic functionality in broadband (375-1310 nm). The strategy utilizes gas molecule adsorption to extend carrier lifetime and improve NIR light performance.
A noise-adapted AI model using lead I ECGs estimated heart failure risk with high accuracy, suggesting a potential strategy for early detection. The study's results highlight the promise of wearable and portable ECG devices in identifying at-risk patients.
A new study has found that older age is linked to higher levels of three dementia biomarkers in the blood. Researchers also discovered sex differences in biomarker levels, with female participants having higher levels of glial acidic proteins.
A new project by Cornell University researchers explores how genetically identical grapevines adapt to temperature, humidity, and soil differences in three states. The study aims to uncover the most adaptable varieties to aid grape growers in coping with erratic climate conditions.
Researchers develop E2T algorithm for extrapolative predictions, outperforming conventional machine learning in material property prediction tasks. The algorithm enables models to learn broadly applicable learning methods, achieving high predictive accuracy even beyond the training data.
A new study found that electrifying the Caltrain commuter rail line reduced riders' exposure to black carbon by an average of 89%, cutting excess cancer deaths by 51 per 1 million people. The study's findings support the case for electrifying U.S. rail systems, which still rely on old diesel locomotives.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have made breakthroughs in delivering gene-targeting compounds to the brain, using cholesterol-modified oligonucleotides that can penetrate the cerebral cortex beyond the blood vessels. This could lead to new treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, as well as brain cancers.
Recent study analysis found that young adult females in the US experience higher rates of past-month binge drinking compared to males. In contrast, older male groups continue to exhibit higher binge drinking rates.
A new combination therapy using cemiplimab and isatuximab has shown promising results in a phase 2 clinical trial for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, with 51% of patients achieving complete response. The study validated genomic biomarkers and a prognostic model developed by the National Cancer Centre Singapore, offering potential for mo...
A new systematic review found that viewing art can improve eudemonic wellbeing and boost personal growth. The benefits were observed in various locations, including museums, galleries, clinics, and hospitals, as well as through virtual reality.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed an autonomous driving algorithm for robots to navigate raised cultivation beds, utilizing lidar point cloud data. The system enables precise movement and accuracy in both virtual and actual environments, promising to expand tasks beyond harvesting to monitoring and pruning.
Researchers at King's College London and Harvard University develop a detector that can identify axions, leading potential candidates for dark matter. The Axion Quasiparticle (AQ) technology has the potential to discover dark matter in five years with further development.
Researchers found an association between urinary incontinence and cardiovascular disease risk factors or events, such as dyslipidemia and stroke. The study suggests that screening for urinary incontinence may be necessary to prevent CVD risk in affected women.
Researchers from Chiba University identified a previously unreported gene, LIRI1, which plays a crucial role in regulating the balance between starch and lipid storage in plant leaves. The study suggests that LIRI1 promotes carbon allocation by activating starch production and inhibiting starch degradation.
Researchers found that ancient Homo sapiens used tailored clothing and ochre-based sunscreens to protect themselves from harmful UV light during the Laschamps excursion. This period of reduced magnetic field strength allowed more cosmic radiation to reach Earth's surface, potentially contributing to the decline of Neanderthals.
Researchers at POSTECH developed a nickel-based high-entropy alloy that maintains strength and ductility across a wide temperature range from -196°C to 600°C. This stability is attributed to the presence of nanoscale precipitates, which inhibit deformation and accommodate stress through consistent slip behavior.
A New Zealand study found that three-quarters of long-term vegans met daily total protein requirements, but only half met daily lysine and leucine requirements. Legumes and pulses were key contributors to overall protein and lysine intake.
Researchers have developed a bioreactor that can produce over 10 grams of chicken muscle for cultured meat applications. The system enables cell distribution, alignment, contractility, and improved food-related properties, making it a practical alternative to vascular-based methods.
A team of researchers has found a planet orbiting at a 90-degree angle around a pair of young brown dwarfs, marking the first time such strong evidence for a 'polar planet' orbit is collected. The discovery was made possible by pioneering data analysis that improved precision by a factor of 30.
Researchers demonstrate ultrafast transparency switching across multiple wavelengths using single laser excitation in germanium, opening possibilities for advanced optical technologies. The study highlights the potential of Ge as a key material for ultrafast optical switching with promising applications in high-speed data transmission ...
A new study published in Poultry Science predicts a significant decline in chicken fertility rates, from approximately 75% to 60% by 2050. This decline could lead to production issues and higher costs for consumers, affecting the poultry industry's ability to meet growing demand.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and magnified the mental health vulnerabilities of children from disadvantaged backgrounds. Research highlights the surge in anxiety, stunted social development, and loneliness, potentially leading to lifelong psychological wounds.
A new study reveals that Malaysia's capture fisheries have stalled despite being critical to the country's food security and economy. Aquaculture, including farmed fish and seaweed, is now driving growth with seaweed farming becoming a single largest component of aquaculture output.
Researchers from PolyU explore how virtual environments and collaborative learning influence film lighting skills acquisition in VR-based education. The study reveals that beach settings boost engagement but increase frustration, while team learning enhances collaboration.
A new study reveals that porous, multidirectionally graded piezoelectric plates exhibit improved mechanical and electrical responses under various loading conditions. The research sheds light on the critical need to model complex interactions between these advanced materials and their supporting foundations.
Researchers found that repeated antibiotic use before age 2 is associated with a higher risk for asthma, food allergies, and hay fever later in life. The study suggests that judicious use of antibiotics in children under 2 may impact long-term health outcomes.
Researchers have used cutting-edge satellite technology to uncover the impact of submesoscale eddies on ocean circulation and climate patterns. The study revealed that these small-scale eddies contribute significantly to vertical heat transfer, regulating oceanic heat transport and influencing global climate systems.
Researchers developed a saliva test that uses AI to identify genetic mutations in the DPYD gene, which can affect how well cancer patients respond to chemotherapy. The study found several new mutations that could lead to severe side effects from 5-fluorouracil, a widely used chemotherapy drug.
The AI-powered APD system enhances SaR operations by addressing key challenges such as small object detection, sparse distribution, and varying lighting conditions. The system achieved notable improvements in detection accuracy and efficiency, increasing the chances of timely assistance in emergencies.
A new algorithm detects intertidal seagrass meadows using Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 optical imagery, avoiding manual sample selection for scalability. This tool enables tracking of seagrass dynamics over time, providing valuable insights into ecosystem resilience.
The Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM) 3.0 has been introduced, delivering a major leap in the accuracy of global gross primary production (GPP) estimates. The model enhances our understanding of terrestrial carbon dynamics and provides a powerful tool for climate change studies and ecosystem monitoring.
Dr. Gadhamshetty, a leading expert in environmental engineering, brings over 25 years of experience to the role. He aims to expand the journal's influence and promote transformative research that addresses critical environmental challenges.
A global study found that countries consuming more plant-based proteins have longer adult life expectancies, while high animal-based protein intake is linked to lower infant mortality rates.
University of Virginia researcher Natasha D. Sheybani has received a $5.5 million grant to advance her research on focused ultrasound technology for breast cancer immunotherapy. Her work aims to enhance the safety, effectiveness, and precision of immunotherapy drugs.
A new study from Umeå University reveals that trees' circadian clocks regulate growth and seasonal events. Adjusting clock-associated genes could help trees synchronize with changing climates, improving forestry management. The study also has implications for global vegetation models predicting forest growth and carbon storage.
Researchers at the University of Missouri's Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment have found that behavior at 9 months old can indicate a 1-year-old's likelihood of being at risk for autism. Parent surveys reported fussiness, irritability, and difficulty calming down were associated with early signs of autism by 12 months.
A large study published in Open Heart found that people with moderate to severe varicose veins are more likely to experience hypersensitivity to cold and heaviness in their legs. The study also highlights the importance of acknowledging cold hypersensitivity as a subjective symptom associated with varicose veins.
A new study published in Citizen Science: Theory and Practice demonstrates that citizen science data from iNaturalist and eBird can be combined to reliably capture known seasonal patterns of bird migration. The researchers found similar seasonal patterns for over 97% of bird species observed in Northern California and Nevada.
Scientists developed a nutritionally complete feed to sustain honey bee colonies, containing all necessary nutrients. The new food source thrived in field trials, reducing colony mortality and increasing survival rates.
A team at HZB developed a method using photo-voltage to detect individual and local spin states of defects in diamonds. This could lead to more compact designs of quantum sensors. The research uses nitrogen vacancy centres, which can be manipulated with microwaves.
A Northwestern University study reveals that water molecules flip before releasing oxygen atoms, significantly increasing energy consumption. Increasing pH levels of water reduces this energy cost, making water splitting a more practical and cost-effective process.
Researchers developed a new, three times more effective version of the antibothropic serum used to treat snake venom poisoning. The improved serum had increased neutralizing antibodies and fewer proteins associated with side effects, resulting in greater potency and reduced risk of adverse reactions.
Wild animals studying seals' extreme environments could provide answers to pressing problems in human reproductive health. Seals' unique physiology offers insights into managing gestational diabetes and improving IVF success rates.
The FDA plans to phase out animal testing in favor of human-relevant methods, reducing the need for painful and deadly experiments. The agency's announcement marks a significant shift towards safer, effective, and cost-effective drugs.
A cross-sectional study found that 55.6% of individuals with hearing impairment experienced communication difficulties caused by others wearing face masks during the pandemic. Those with daily support and older adults were less affected, while those who went out more or had more severe hearing loss reported greater difficulty.