Articles tagged with Antidepressants
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study suggests that US health care spending is unlikely to decrease without significant restrictions and limitations. The study also highlights the importance of managing risks associated with common medications used by cosmetic surgery patients, including antidepressants and herbal supplements.
High levels of amygdala activity predict hypersensitivity to anticipation, while anterior cingulate cortex activity predicts response to antidepressant medication. These findings have important implications for treating anxiety disorders and may lead to personalized treatment approaches.
A recent study found that older antidepressants targeting both serotonin and norepinephrine are more effective in treating depression in people with Parkinson's disease. This is a significant finding, as depression affects up to 50% of individuals with the condition.
A three-country study found that women taking fluoxetine during pregnancy gave birth to four times as many babies with heart problems, while those taking paroxetine had three times higher levels. Smoking over ten cigarettes a day was associated with a five-fold increase in major heart problems.
Spanish-speaking Hispanics take longer to respond to medication for depression and are less likely to go into remission than English-speaking counterparts. Socioeconomic factors such as education level and income play a significant role in treatment outcomes.
A recent study by Saint Louis University reveals a significant increase in the use of type 2 diabetes medications among American tweens and teens between 2002 and 2005. The study also found increased utilization patterns for blood pressure, cholesterol, asthma, ADD/ADHD, depression, and other medications.
Mice conditioned for safety display reduced anxiety in stressful situations, comparable to antidepressant medications. The study reveals learned safety influences brain development, including increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and dopamine neurotransmitters.
Researchers discovered an electromagnetic biomarker that predicts a patient's response to ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant. Increasing activity in the anterior cingulate cortex hub near the front of the brain while viewing flashing frightful faces correlates with improved symptoms after receiving ketamine.
A study by University of Alberta researcher Ian Colman found that individuals who receive treatment for depression and anxiety are three times less likely to experience a relapse in the next decade. The research also highlights the significant economic benefits, as the estimated annual cost of depression in Canada is $14 billion.
A two-year study of over 10,000 Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes found that depression was associated with a 36% increased risk of dying from any cause. Participants with both diabetes and depression were more likely to be female, have severe medical illness, and less likely to be African-American.
The adult brain's capacity for neurogenesis is closely tied to stress and depression, with research showing that chronic stress can inhibit new cell growth in the hippocampus. However, antidepressant treatment has been shown to stimulate neurogenesis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for treating major depressive disorders.
Recent reports suggest antidepressants might exacerbate suicidal tendencies, leading to increased scrutiny of their efficacy. Studies show that depression is a significant risk factor for suicide, with over 60% of completed suicides linked to mood disorders.
A new study has found that women are 33 percent more likely to achieve full remission of their depression symptoms with the commonly used antidepressant citalopram compared to men. The study, which involved over 2,800 participants, controlled for various factors and suggests a biological basis for the difference in response.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that antidepressants need new nerve cells to reduce depression-like behavior in mice. Exercise also stimulates the generation of new nerve cells in the same area. The study suggests a possible mechanism for developing drugs to treat depression by stimulating growth of nerve cells.
A new study suggests that blocking the corticotrophin releasing factor-1 (CRF1) receptor and the vasopressin-1B (V1B) receptor may retain their efficacy in treating depression, even when neurogenesis is disrupted. The researchers found that restoration of the stress axis may be key to how these new antidepressant approaches work.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that people taking antidepressants drive worse than those who aren't taking such drugs. Depressed drivers on meds performed significantly poorer in a driving simulation test.
A functional link between new neuron production and antidepressant effectiveness has been discovered in an animal model. TrkB-mediated neural proliferation plays a crucial role in this mechanism, supporting the notion that impaired neurogenic niches contribute to refractory responses to antidepressive treatments.
Scientists from Weill Cornell Medical College and Columbia University Medical Center have described the specifics of how brain cells process antidepressant drugs, cocaine, and amphetamines. Their breakthrough research reveals a finely-tuned process in which two sodium ions bind to enable neural signaling in the brain.
A study published in JAMA found that sildenafil significantly improved sexual function in women with major depression experiencing sexual dysfunction related to antidepressant use. This improvement was associated with a reduced risk of premature medication discontinuation and enhanced treatment adherence.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found that deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subcallosal cingulate region significantly improves symptoms of treatment-resistant depression. The procedure showed continued and sustained benefits over time, with no long-term side effects reported.
A new study has replicated the association between genetic variation in the FKBP5 gene and treatment response to antidepressants, suggesting a potential link to childhood maltreatment. The findings support earlier research implicating the same gene and provide encouragement for personalized medicine approaches to depression treatment.
Researchers found that white patients with two distinct gene variations were more likely to experience remission of symptoms associated with major depression. Pharmacogenetic testing could improve patient outcomes by matching patients with the right drug from the start.
Researchers developed a predictive model using clinical data to identify individuals aged 40 and older who are at high risk of emergency hospital admissions. The model considers various factors such as age, gender, social deprivation, medication use, and previous hospitalizations.
Researchers at UNC have identified specific prescription drugs that increase the risk of falls for patients aged 65 and older who take four or more medications. These medications, including antidepressants and painkillers, work to depress the central nervous system, making patients less alert and slower to react.
Despite controversy over potential side effects on suicidal behaviour, antidepressant use in western countries correlates with declining suicide mortality. Experts like Professor Erkki Isometsä argue for a balanced view of clinical and epidemiological facts to inform treatment decisions.
Chronic stress can affect the adult brain's ability to generate new cells. Stress is associated with reduced neurogenesis, a process critical for developing novel antidepressant drugs.
A study found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are associated with increased gastrointestinal bleeding risk, especially when combined with other stomach-harming medications. Acid-suppressing agents may reduce this risk.
A study found that depression and antidepressants significantly increase the risk of falls among older people. SSRIs were associated with a 66% higher risk of falls. Effective prevention programs include home assessments and modifications to reduce hazards. Family members must be involved in fall prevention strategies.
New research from Brandeis University finds that multi-tiered formularies requiring higher copayments for non-preferred medications reduce the use of antidepressants. The study, which analyzed data from a large nonprofit managed care organization, found that out-of-pocket spending increased while health plan spending per user decreased.
Researchers found polymorphisms in PSMB4 and TBX21 genes linked to major depression susceptibility and treatment response. Genetic variations may also be relevant to psoriasis and asthma, highlighting the complex interplay between inflammation and mental health.
Researchers found that antidepressant use during the first trimester of pregnancy is not associated with an increased risk of birth malformations. The study used data from the Quebec Pregnancy Registry and analyzed records of 2,329 new mothers diagnosed with psychiatric disorders.
A new study suggests that taking the antidepressant citalopram before starting treatment for head and neck cancer may help prevent depression during therapy. The study found that patients who took citalopram experienced lower rates of depression compared to those who took a placebo.
New University of Michigan Depression Center research shows depressed people have fewer serotonin & opioid receptors, varying greatly among individuals. The number of receptors affects symptom severity and treatment response, suggesting personalized medicine approaches may be more effective.
New British Association of Pharmacology guidelines suggest that antidepressants are effective in treating depression, especially severe cases. In contrast, evidence for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is limited, particularly for mild and moderate depression.
A study of over 3,000 older adults found that those taking multiple anticholinergic medications experienced worse physical function, similar to someone three to four years older. The researchers recommend careful consideration when prescribing these medications to older adults due to the potential effects on their physical function.
Researchers found that low-dose amitriptyline significantly improves overall quality of life for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome. The study, published in the Journal of Pediatrics, shows that patients receiving antidepressant therapy experience reduced symptoms and improved quality of life.
The study found that antidepressants like fluoxetine enhance neuronal plasticity in the visual system by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), allowing for improved vision in individuals with amblyopia. Environmental stimuli, such as rehabilitation or therapy, are required to guide the rearrangement of cortical connections.
A large population-based study using Danish register data suggests that antidepressant use accounts for only 10% of the fall in suicide rates among middle-aged and older people. Despite a significant increase in antidepressant prescriptions, the study found no conclusive link between medication and reduced suicidal behavior.
A new report suggests that switching from a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) to a non-SSRI antidepressant may be more effective for treating symptoms of major depressive disorder. However, the effectiveness and tolerability of this approach varied depending on the individual.
A study published in Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice found that people with depression taking antidepressants have a 30% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The risk was highest for those using two types of therapies simultaneously, such as tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago discovered a new biomarker for depression by analyzing the location of a protein in the brain. The study found that depressed individuals have a greater proportion of Gs alpha protein confined to lipid rafts, which can be used to predict the efficacy of antidepressant therapy.
A new study found that depressed heart attack patients have a higher risk for sudden death in the months following a heart attack, and this risk continues for many years. The study of over 750 patients showed that even minor depression increases mortality risk.
A recent study published in JAMA found that teenagers with difficult-to-treat depression who switched to another antidepressant medication and added psychotherapy showed significant improvement. The results suggest that a combination approach may be more effective than traditional treatment strategies for adolescents with treatment-res...
A study found that nearly 55% of teenagers with treatment-resistant depression showed improvement when switched to a different medication combined with cognitive behavioral therapy. The results suggest that clinicians should not hesitate to switch treatments, especially if an adolescent hasn't responded to initial treatment.
A study found that adolescents with ineffective depression medication saw improved symptoms when switching to a different antidepressant and adding cognitive behavioral therapy. The combination of treatments resulted in a higher rate of clinical response compared to changing medications alone.
A new study published in PLoS Medicine suggests that antidepressants only provide clinically significant benefits for a small group of severely depressed patients. However, even among these patients, the improvement is not very great, and depressed people can still improve without chemical treatments.
A meta-analysis of 34 clinical trials found venlafaxine (SNRI) outperformed SSRIs in treating depression, resulting in a 5.9% increased remission rate. This translates to the need for doctors to treat 17 patients with venlafaxine to achieve one patient's benefit.
A new study finds that ketamine's antidepressant effects are mediated by its ability to increase AMPA receptor stimulation, suggesting drugs enhancing this function may have rapid antidepressant properties. Researchers now aim to develop AMPA-boosting drugs without ketamine's side effects.
Researchers found that patients with depression may not experience improvements in hopefulness until several weeks or months after their depressive symptoms lift. This delay can lead to reduced adherence to treatment, increasing the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that older women are more prone to depression and less likely to die from it compared to older men. The study, which evaluated 754 individuals aged 70+, found that women were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and remain depressed over time.
Research reveals that doctors are reluctant to prescribe sleep aids to patients with depression, anxiety, or mood disorders, except for psychiatrists. However, new guidelines are needed to address this knowledge gap and ensure patients receive appropriate treatment for their insomnia.
Researchers identified genetic variants that affect the efficacy of antidepressants, such as citalopram and venlafaxine. These variants influence the access of drugs to the brain by impacting protective transporter proteins like P-gp.
A study found that selective publication in antidepressant trials significantly overstates their effectiveness, with nearly all positive studies being published and most negative ones not. However, when combining all studies using meta-analysis, each drug was superior to a placebo, but less effective than reported.
A four-year study found that selectively restraining elderly residents and reducing sleeping pills can significantly reduce falls in nursing homes. The study, led by the Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, analyzed over 2,300 reported falls and fractures to find a link between safety measures and fall risk.
The FDA warnings had a modest impact on the use of antidepressants among youth, with significant declines in paroxetine prescriptions. However, other antidepressants also saw declines, albeit less pronounced.
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry suggests that erythropoietin, a natural human hormone, may have antidepressant properties. The study found that erythropoietin regulated emotional responses and had neuroprotective effects on neural function, supporting its potential as a treatment strategy for depression.
Researchers have discovered a new approach to developing antidepressants by targeting novel brain molecules, which can lead to faster treatment and relief from depression. The study found that patients responded within two hours and 70% showed improvement within 24 hours.
A new study shows transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to be an effective, non-drug treatment for major depression, with response and remission rates approximately twice those of sham TMS. The treatment was well-tolerated by patients with mild side effects.
Researchers at Yale University discovered a novel gene, VGF, that plays a crucial role in exercise-induced antidepressant effects. The study found that enhancing VGF expression can function like a powerful anti-depressant, providing a potential new treatment target for depression.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine has updated its practice parameters for the treatment of narcolepsy and other central hypersomnias. The guidelines recommend a comprehensive approach to managing symptoms, including modafinil, sodium oxybate, and tricyclic antidepressants. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers is crucial to ...