Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
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A systematic review found that hospital volume is associated with short-term mortality rates for certain cancer types, but individual studies often fail to show this association. The review concludes that case volume may be an imperfect proxy for healthcare quality and highlights the need for more direct quality measures.
Researchers at VIB develop efficient and safe gene delivery approach based on non-viral genetic elements called transposons, overcoming limitations of viral vectors. This technology may simplify gene therapy, improve safety and reduce costs, treating cancer and genetic disorders.
A ten-year follow-up study of the CHAMPIONS trial shows that early treatment with AVONEX significantly reduces MS relapse rates and improves patient outcomes. Patients treated immediately after their first episode had a lower chance of experiencing a second attack, with 80% having an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score less t...
A multidisciplinary study using NASA's electronic nose found that it can detect odour differences between normal and cancerous brain cells, opening up possibilities for new diagnosis and treatment methods. The device has shown promise in detecting cellular trafficking, brain cancer metastasis, and stem cell migration.
A new study predicts a significant increase in US cancer cases over the next 20 years, with the elderly and minority populations bearing the brunt. The projected 45% rise in cancer incidence will be driven primarily by a 67% increase in cancer cases among adults aged 65 and older.
A proteomic analysis of 50 participants from the Women's Health Initiative hormone replacement therapy trial reveals estrogen upregulates proteins involved in major body processes. The study found changes in serum levels of proteins affecting coagulation, metabolism, osteogenesis, and blood vessel morphogenesis.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified a genetic regulator called CTIP2 that is expressed at higher levels in aggressive types of head and neck cancers. The study found a high correlation between CTIP2 expression and the aggressive nature of cancer.
In a phase II study, lapatinib demonstrated efficacy in treating patients with inflammatory breast cancer, with 49% experiencing a partial response to the treatment. The median overall survival for responding patients was 18.4 months, significantly longer than non-responders.
Researchers have established criteria for reclassifying prostate cancer risk over time, allowing for more tailored treatment approaches. Patients with slow-growing cancer can benefit from reduced therapy burden, while those with more aggressive disease receive definitive care.
A new robotic approach to surgically treat urothelial cancer of the kidney is proving to be effective, offering benefits such as less bleeding and scarring, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times. The minimally invasive surgery allows for the preservation of kidney function in patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease.
A new report reveals a significant increase in the number of people diagnosed with cancer in Ireland, but also shows that survival rates are rising for certain types of cancer. The report highlights the importance of prevention and early detection in reducing the burden of cancer.
MRI technology successfully identifies prostate cancer spread beyond the gland, helping doctors determine if surgery is necessary. The study reviewed 119 patients and found that MRI correctly identified 95% of T2 cases and 75% of T3 disease
A comprehensive review of medical literature by experts found no evidence supporting beneficial effects from blood transfusions. Studies show associations with higher rates of complications like heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure, highlighting the need for restricted practice and safer storage methods.
Research suggests that well-done meats cooked at high temperatures using frying, grilling, or barbecuing methods can form carcinogens linked to pancreatic cancer. Studies found that those who preferred very well done steak had a 60% increased risk of developing the disease.
A study found that moderate wine consumption can reduce the risk of death and relapse in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. The researchers analyzed data from 546 women with the disease, revealing a 76% five-year survival rate among those who drank wine.
A study by Elaine Hardman found that walnut consumption can reduce breast tumor incidence in laboratory mice. Walnut consumption delayed tumors by at least three weeks, with molecular analysis showing increased omega-3 fatty acid intake contributing to the decline.
In a randomized trial, voglibose significantly improved glucose tolerance and delayed disease progression in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Patients treated with voglibose had a 40% lower risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes than those receiving placebo.
Research identifies genetic variants in MC1R as associated with increased melanoma risk in people with dark hair. The study found that these variants were more common in those who did not typically burn easily from the sun, suggesting a complex relationship between genetics and melanoma risk.
Patients with a history of radiation exposure are more likely to develop aggressive thyroid cancer and experience worse clinical outcomes. The study found that radiation-exposed patients were more likely to undergo total or near-total thyroidectomy, have distant metastases, and die from the disease.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center found that smaller doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can prevent breast cancer in rats. The study suggests that even shorter exposure to hCG may offer protective benefits against the disease.
A genetic analysis revealed that variants in the iNOS gene may predict the risk of recurrence among patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treated with Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy. Patients with the variant allele had a significantly longer survival time, up to 96.7 months, compared to those without the variant.
Researchers found that a urine metabolite called NNAL predicts risk of lung cancer in smokers, with higher levels associated with increased risk. The study, published by the American Association for Cancer Research, analyzed data from over 50,000 patients.
Researchers have discovered that biphosphonates can prevent radiation-induced leukemia in laboratory mice, with 75% of treated mice developing the disease compared to 100% in untreated mice. The study suggests that these compounds may have a general effect on leukemia associated with causes other than radiation.
A prospective cohort study found TACE treatments to be well-tolerated and safe for asymptomatic patients with preserved liver function, with a high HCC progression-free survival probability. The study's results support the efficacy of selective TACE in prolonging life expectancy and confirm its role as a key treatment option.
Researchers have identified an epidermal growth factor receptor aberrantly active in approximately a third of human pancreatic cancers, providing a new treatment target for this fatal disease. The discovery also holds promise for developing a blood or urine screening tool to detect pancreatic cancer earlier.
Patients with hepatitis C and B-cell clonality in the liver are at high risk for developing malignant lymphoproliferative disease. Antiviral treatment is suggested as a strategy to prevent this outcome.
A retrospective analysis of 20,713 patients with early bladder cancer found that more intensive treatment was not associated with improved overall survival. In fact, those who received more intense care were more likely to require major medical interventions later on.
Researchers found no correlation between aggressive treatment and improved survival rates for early stage bladder cancer patients. Aggressively treated patients were more likely to undergo major surgery, resulting in higher treatment costs.
The Interactive Autism Network is expanding its research initiative to adults with autism, enrolling individuals to gain insight into their experiences and connect them with researchers. The IAN Project aims to provide much-needed data on the lives of adults with autism, addressing a significant unmet need.
A new study funded by the Canadian Cancer Society has found that childhood cancer survivors, especially those diagnosed with brain tumours, experience poor educational achievement and learning difficulties. This is linked to late effects of treatment and can impact future educational performance and career prospects.
Researchers found a possible genetic cause for increased risk of advanced colorectal cancer in African-Americans, with the Pro72 allele linked to higher mortality rates. The study analyzed 137 tumors and found that African-Americans had a higher frequency of this allele, which was associated with shorter survival rates.
African-Americans with Pro72 protein variant have double the risk of dying from advanced colon cancer compared to whites. The discovery sheds light on racial disparities in cancer and offers new insights into personalized cancer therapies.
The Cancer Genomics Browser is a web-based tool that enables researchers to find patterns in large-scale cancer studies, identifying genetic signatures for predicting therapy responses. By analyzing clinical and genomic data, researchers can gain insights into the complex genetic roots of cancer, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A study exploring hospice availability in the US found that communities with higher proportions of wealthy and educated residents have greater availability. Hospices also struggle to deactivate implantable defibrillators for end-of-life patients, with few formal policies in place.
Men with high long chain omega-3 fatty acid intake had a reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer by 63%, while those with low intake and the COX-2 variant saw a five-fold increased risk. Omega-3 fatty acids also appeared to counteract the increased risk associated with the COX-2 variant.
Researchers are developing biomarkers using molecular fingerprints to detect early signs of cancer, such as leukemia, bladder, kidney, and breast cancer. By identifying metabolites that indicate cancer presence and aggressiveness, doctors can tailor optimal treatment and monitor success.
Researchers have discovered a cellular process that seeks out and fights Type 1 herpes simplex virus. The study, published in Nature Immunology, found that the nuclear membrane of infected cells can unmask the virus and stimulate the immune system to disintegrate it.
Researchers have developed hollow gold nanospheres that target and destroy melanoma cells using near-infrared light, showing eight times more damage to skin tumors than solid gold nanoparticles.
Cancer patients experiencing malnutrition are at a higher risk of psychological distress. Researchers found that the level of distress is positively correlated with nutritional status, highlighting the need for evaluation of nutrition in cancer care.
The study found that PSA screening can reduce prostate cancer deaths by 20%, saving one life for every 1,408 men screened. The European Association of Urology's largest prostate cancer screening study provides robust evidence for the effectiveness of screening on prostate cancer mortality.
Patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who received adjuvant imatinib after surgery experienced increased recurrence-free survival compared to those given placebo. Imatinib significantly improved recurrence-free survival at one year, with the most impact on tumors over 10cm in size.
A recent study found that media health reporting is improving in terms of accuracy, with online news services showing a notable five percent increase over four years. However, the overall quality of health reporting remains poor, particularly for commercial current affairs programs.
Dr. Mo Kwan Kang has been recognized for his groundbreaking research on the senescence process in human oral keratinocytes, aiming to understand health and disease of human oral mucosa. He has authored over 30 research articles and won several major research awards.
The European Association of Urology has released new clinical guidelines for kidney cancer treatment, emphasizing the use of targeted agents and nephron-sparing surgery. The guidelines recommend first-line therapies for low- and intermediate-risk patients, as well as second-line options for high-risk patients.
Researchers discovered a correlation between Ang2 concentrations in blood samples and disease progression in metastatic malignant melanoma. Higher Ang2 levels were associated with larger tumors and more advanced disease stages.
Researchers found that high levels of iron cause oxidative stress and lead to the death of cancer cells. The study suggests a novel approach for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma by selectively releasing iron.
Leading scientists issue a challenge to find a way to purge latent HIV infection and eliminate the need for chronic therapy. A drug-free remission goal requires understanding of persistent infection reservoirs and combination approaches.
A study found that pretreatment MRI and PET/CT can direct women with stage IB cervical cancer to optimal therapy choices, avoiding trimodality therapy. The imaging modalities resulted in the highest percentage of correct primary treatment (89%) and saved the most patients from trimodality therapy (95%).
A new intervention being tested at Case Western Reserve University aims to improve the lives of men with incontinence problems from prostate cancer treatments. The 'Stay Dry' program combines pelvic floor muscle exercises with biofeedback techniques and therapy, and will be compared to standard care in a four-year study.
Patients who undergo liver transplantation for hepatitis B-related liver damage are at risk of disease recurrence if antiviral treatment is withdrawn, according to a new study. Researchers found that these patients lack cellular immunity against the disease, making lifelong antiviral therapy necessary.
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has awarded prestigious three-year fellowships to 13 outstanding postdoctoral scientists conducting basic and translational cancer research. The fellowships aim to encourage promising young investigators to pursue careers in cancer research, providing independent funding for innovative projects.
Researchers found that PSA levels are more predictive of three-year prostate cancer risk in African-American men compared to Caucasian men with a family history. The study's findings suggest that PSA levels may be used to identify high-risk patients for earlier screening.
Research suggests that discontinuing routine PSA screening in elderly men (75+ years old) with low PSA levels may not increase undetected lethal disease rates. Instead, it could avoid unnecessary treatments and reduce diagnostic costs. Men over 75 with PSA < 3ng/ml have a low risk of developing high-risk prostate cancer.
A new study reveals liver cancer incidence has tripled in the US since 1975, with African-Americans and Hispanics experiencing significant increases. Survival rates have improved significantly, with one-year rates rising from 25% to 47%, thanks to earlier diagnosis and treatment.
A meta-analysis of 36 studies found that cancer survivors are 1.37 times more likely to be unemployed than healthy control participants, with higher risks for breast and gastrointestinal cancers. Long-term medical and psychological effects may cause social functioning impairments, including employment difficulties.
A new study published by the American Cancer Society found that black women with uterine cancer are more likely to die from the disease than their white counterparts. The researchers discovered that black patients were diagnosed at younger ages and had more advanced and aggressive tumors, which contributed to the survival disparity.
A new study published in Cancer found that pregnancy does not affect breast cancer severity or survival rates, but can delay diagnosis and treatment. Women who develop breast cancer while pregnant or shortly after have similar outcomes to those without a history of pregnancy.
Research reveals that epigenetic regulation of 13 microRNAs is associated with higher mortality in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study identifies these microRNAs as potential targets for new therapeutic options, offering hope for improved treatment outcomes.
A study by Michigan State University found that higher medical mistrust among minority women led to late breast cancer screening. The AACR is working to address these issues through research and education. Recruiting diverse patients into clinical trials also poses challenges, with incentives often not effective.
Research suggests that gut bacteria convert linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which has anti-cancer properties and may provide therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. The 'good' form of CLA is found in dairy products.