Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
Researchers classified tumors into three growth patterns: destructive, alveolar, and papillary, which were independent predictors for overall survival, disease-specific survival, and disease-free survival. Patients with an alveolar growth pattern had a significantly higher risk of poor prognosis and reduced survival rates.
CSHL scientists have discovered how a protein called DDK triggers DNA replication by releasing a built-in brake on Mcm4. This finding may help shape the development of new cancer therapies.
Researchers found that pomegranate's ellagitannins can suppress estrogen production, inhibiting the growth of hormone-responsive breast cancers. The study suggests that consuming more pomegranates or exploring their juice as a potential preventive agent may have benefits.
A systematic review found IAD to be as effective as continuous androgen deprivation while improving survival rates and sexual potency. The approach has been a valid treatment option for nonmetastatic PCa cases, offering key tolerability and quality of life benefits.
Researchers found that vitamin C stops and reverses accelerated aging in mice with a mutation in the WRN gene, a common cause of premature aging. The study suggests that vitamin C may be beneficial for individuals with progeroid syndromes like Werner's syndrome.
A clinical trial at the University of Western Ontario aims to improve patient treatment for Crohn's disease by evaluating a new combination therapy approach. The REACT study will compare conventional management strategies to a newer paradigm featuring early use of immunosuppression and anti-metabolites.
Researchers have identified two cellular proteins that are important factors in hepatitis C virus infection. The natural compound Quercetin inhibits the synthesis of these proteins, significantly inhibiting viral infection in tissue culture. A Phase I clinical trial will be launched to determine if the compound is safe and effective.
A team of scientists has discovered that the fatal facial tumors decimating Australia's Tasmanian devil population probably originated in Schwann cells. The researchers identified a genetic marker to accurately diagnose the facial cancers, called devil facial tumor disease (DFTD).
Researchers at University of California, Berkeley have discovered a new human reproductive hormone called gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH), which has the opposite effect from gonadotropin releasing hormone. GnIH may lead to the development of novel contraceptives and treatments for cancer or other diseases.
The Scripps Research Institute has been awarded $1.2 million to develop high-throughput screening tests that will help identify potential small molecule therapies for breast cancer and cardiovascular disease. The project aims to modulate the activity of the LRH-1 receptor, which plays a crucial role in hormone-driven breast cancer.
A new study reveals that three proteins, E2f1, E2f2 and E2f3, play a key role in the transition of stem cells to their final differentiated state. These proteins act as activators in stem cells but switch to repressors when cells begin to differentiate, and can even revert back to activators in cancer cells, promoting tumor growth.
Women with high BMI have poorer breast cancer prognosis, with increased risk of death and reduced treatment effectiveness. Researchers found that adjuvant treatment loses its effect more rapidly in obese patients.
Researchers at the North East England Stem Cell Institute have developed a successful stem cell therapy to treat Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency (LSCD), a painful and blinding disease. The treatment, which uses patients' own stem cells without immunosuppression, shows promise for restoring sight in hundreds of people.
Researchers created algorithm to systematically analyze cancer cell pathways and reveal regulatory code in DNA. This breakthrough could lead to more precise treatments and improve patient outcomes.
A new study found that cancer patients treated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) have a high prevalence of skin and nail infections. The researchers discovered that 38% of patients developed these infections, including bacterial infections resistant to common antibiotics.
The Medical College of Georgia is accelerating diabetes research with a $1.8 million stimulus grant, which will support the development of animal models and sophisticated testing procedures. The grant also enables scientists to analyze large datasets and identify key missteps in prostate cancer progression.
A diet rich in pistachios may increase dietary intake and serum levels of gamma-tocopherol, potentially reducing lung cancer risk. Pistachio consumption has also been linked to a lower risk of prostate cancer.
Researchers identified significant gaps in HPV vaccine uptake among low-income minority groups, with disparities in knowledge, awareness, and healthcare provider recommendations. Tailored interventions are necessary to address these barriers and increase vaccination rates.
Researchers found that xanthohumol, a flavonoid derived from hops, blocks the effects of testosterone and prevents prostate cancer. The study suggests that this compound may have beneficial effects in animals, reducing hormone signaling and gene expression in prostate tissue.
A selenium-based antioxidant compound supplementation decreased the risk of developing new colorectal metachronous adenomas in individuals who previously had polyps removed. The study found a 40% reduction in metachronous adenoma incidence after 13 years of follow-up.
Men with prostate cancer who engage in moderate exercise have improved overall survival, while vigorous exercise may decrease death rates from prostate cancer. Researchers found that three or more hours of physical activity per week lowered mortality risk by 35%.
A study found that long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake was linked to a reduced risk of distal large bowel cancer in white participants. However, the association was not observed among black participants. The researchers suggest an increase in dietary omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial for colon cancer prevention.
Researchers found that only 3% of breast cancer decline is due to decreased hormone therapy use, while the remaining 4% remains unexplained. Additional studies are needed to determine the source of this unexpected decline in breast cancer cases.
Research reveals that HPV16 oncoprotein silences the production of interferon-kappa, a key protein in the innate immune response. This allows cancer cells to grow unchecked, highlighting a potential new target for cancer treatment. The study provides insight into the mechanisms by which high-risk HPV types cause cervical cancer.
A panel of MS experts provides comprehensive recommendations for selecting and managing patients with MS receiving TYSABRI. The guidelines emphasize the need to weigh treatment benefits against potential risks, including PML and serious adverse events.
Research suggests that only half of Americans with hepatitis C virus infection are aware of their diagnosis, leading to a decline in antiviral therapy treatment rates. By 2030, less than 15% of liver-related deaths from HCV will be prevented by antiviral therapy if the trend continues.
Johns Hopkins researchers found that a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is responsible for the cell overgrowth in chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps. This discovery gives scientists a new target for treating this form of the disease, which typically resists current treatments.
Research highlights vitamin D's critical role in immune function, inflammation, and heart health, with evidence suggesting it may boost innate immunity and prevent infections. Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread problem worldwide, affecting nearly one billion people, and experts are considering increasing recommended daily intake.
Pediatric immunologist Dr. Jordan Orange received the American Philosophical Society's Judson Daland Prize for his contributions to researching and treating inherited immune deficiency diseases. His work focuses on natural killer cells, which have an inherent ability to destroy cancer or virus-infected cells.
A new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that patient-reported symptoms were more highly associated with day-to-day health status, while clinician reports were more predictive of death and hospitalization. The study suggests that both perspectives are valuable for a comprehensive understanding of trea...
Daily text-message reminders significantly increased sunscreen application among participants over a six-week period. The study found that adherence rates were 56.1% with daily reminders compared to 30% without reminders.
A new study from the University of Minnesota shows that patients with acute leukemia who receive two units of umbilical cord blood have a significantly lower likelihood of leukemia recurrence compared to those receiving one unit. The finding has the potential to change current medical practice and give hope to more leukemia patients.
Researchers found that nutlin-3 activates the p53 pathway and suppresses tumor growth in mice models of chemoresistant neuroblastoma. Oral administration of nutlin-3 as a single agent reduced tumor growth and metastasis, providing a potential treatment option for advanced-stage and chemoresistant neuroblastoma.
A new study suggests that progression-free survival (PFS) is a reasonable primary endpoint for clinical trials of metastatic cancer when the median survival post-progression (SPP) is less than 6 months. However, PFS benefit does not always translate to overall survival (OS) benefit in cases where SPP is longer than 12 months.
A small group of patients with severe Graves' eye disease showed rapid improvement after treatment with rituximab, reducing inflammation and optic nerve damage. The study suggests that rituximab may offer sustained benefits as an alternative to high-dose steroids.
A new therapeutic approach targets proliferation of cancer cells without affecting normal cells, showing promise for selective eradication of human cancers. Researchers developed a phenanthridine derived polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that efficiently kills breast cancer cells while leaving healthy cells untouched.
A team of researchers has identified a promising drug candidate for treating spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a genetic disease that affects approximately 1 in 6,000 babies born in the US. The tetracycline-like compound boosts SMN protein levels by fixing an RNA splicing error, resulting in increased functional protein production.
New research reveals that statin therapy significantly reduces the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with atherosclerosis. Patients on higher doses of statins had the lowest likelihood of developing VTE, suggesting a dose-related response.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that two genes, one causing cancer on its own and the other reducing RAS activity, together lead to aggressive leukemia. This unexpected finding opens new avenues for treating blood cancer cells with NF1 mutations.
The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) has developed new guidelines for radiation dose delivery and reporting in brachytherapy procedures. The task force aims to provide consistent and reproducible dosimetric information, improving treatment accuracy and patient outcomes.
Family health history disclosure may not improve clinical decision making, according to researchers. Meanwhile, community-based interventions in developing countries have been shown to effectively reduce blood pressure. Early treatment of rheumatoid arthritis may also benefit from conventional DMARD therapy or biologics, but their cost...
Research finds that lung cancer patients treated in public hospitals are more likely to have advanced stage cancer than those in private hospitals. The study highlights the need for an organized and timely approach to diagnosis and treatment to reduce health care disparities.
A new study aims to prevent brain complications in children with sickle cell disease by comparing two treatments: standard therapy of monthly blood transfusions and chelation vs. a daily dose of hydroxyurea and monthly phlebotomy. The goal is to reduce the risk of first strokes in high-risk patients with sickle cell anemia.
Researchers at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation have made a groundbreaking discovery that could help treat traumatic injuries and severe diseases. They found an antibody that can counteract histones' deadly effects on blood vessels, potentially preventing uncontrolled bleeding and fluid buildup.
A relative utility curve is a simple method to evaluate risk prediction in medical decision-making frameworks. The author illustrates its application in analyzing previously published data involving breast density and risk prediction models for invasive breast cancer.
Researchers found that administration of APC protein slowed disease progression and extended survival in mice with inherited ALS. The study suggests activating APC might benefit patients with inherited and possibly sporadic ALS, but warns of potential risks.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center discovered the Id3 protein plays a crucial role in directing blood cell progenitors to become gamma-delta T cells. These unique cells possess attributes of both the adaptive and innate arms of the immune system, providing enhanced protection against infections and diseases.
The article suggests that nephrologists should consider the potential quality of life for frail elders with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) when deciding between dialysis and conservative therapies. Larger studies are needed to determine the actual benefit of dialysis for this population.
Common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in northern India are primarily HP-16 and HP-18. These types cause 75 percent of cervical cancers in the region, according to researchers.
The Translational Genomics Research Institute has been awarded $691,930 to develop brain tumor research using in silico simulations. The project will utilize comprehensive genomic data involving 40 brain tumor models and 20 proven types of targeted therapies.
Researchers found overexpression of leptin receptor in 80% of thyroid cancer samples, associated with poor disease survival, older age, larger tumor size, advanced stage, and metastasis. Leptin's role in stimulating growth and preventing death in cancer cells was also observed.
A new analysis from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center reveals that radiation costs can range from $1,700 for conventional techniques to over $16,000 for Cyberknife treatment. Fewer treatments have also been shown to be equally effective in relieving bone pain associated with cancer.
A study published in The Lancet Oncology found that immunodeficiency increases the risk of multiple cancers in HIV patients. Lower CD4 counts were linked to higher risks of certain cancers, while antiretroviral therapy reduced this risk. Effective cancer screening programs are recommended for HIV-positive individuals.
The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute has awarded $16.7 million to researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center for developing stem- and progenitor-cell tools and therapies. The goal is to identify and characterize progenitor cell lines and develop new clinical strategies to address blood diseases.
A study found that genetic variation of the CYP2D6 enzyme is associated with clinical outcomes for women treated with tamoxifen. Women with reduced or absent CYP2D6 function had higher breast cancer event rates and poorer survival rates compared to those with extensive metabolism.
Researchers investigated the effects of curcumin on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma growths in response to nicotine. Curcumin was found to block the nicotine from activating cancer-causing cells.
A combination of PET/CT tests expedited diagnosis of lung cancer in a fast-tracked setting, demonstrating high sensitivity and accuracy. Researchers evaluated 114 patients and made accurate diagnoses for 92%, with malignancy detected in 84%. This approach allows for timely treatment initiation without delays.
A Swiss study found that prostate cancer patients with lower incomes receive worse care and have a higher risk of dying from the disease. The research suggests that socioeconomic status plays a significant role in prostate cancer mortality, with poorer patients receiving less comprehensive treatment and more advanced stages at diagnosis.
Van Andel Institute researchers found the gene RhoB is crucial in the progression of Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), a bone marrow disease affecting up to 15,000 people annually. The study's findings may lead to new treatments for late-stage MDS and its potential applications in leukemia and solid tumors.
A study by BUSM researchers suggests a connection between low testosterone levels and an increased risk of heart disease. The findings, published in the Journal of Andrology, support the idea that androgen replacement therapy could help reduce cardiovascular risk in hypogonadal men.